职称英语《综合类》考试完形填空专项练习(3)

　　Cost as a Factor in Supply

　　In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no control over-the market price, because he produces too little to influence market conditions. With no difference between his products and the products 　　　　　his competitors, he will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or　　　　　 the market price. However, in considering the price, he must take the 　　　　　of production into consideration. There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost. This might happen when prices tumble for 　　　　　he believes will be a short time. However, no business person can 　　　　　to lose money for a prolonged period. He must be constantly 　　　　　of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to compete successfully and earn a profit.

　　Many people have the impression that as production increases, costs per unit decrease. 　　　　　mass production has made this true in certain industries and at certain levels of production, 　　　　　logic and practical experiences have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of production. Some economists 　　　　　to this principle as the law of increasing costs.

　　The reason costs rise as production goes up is　　　　　 . However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for additional factors of production will also grow, 　　　　　competitive bidding in the marketplace for the factors of production. If a producer needs　　　　　 skilled labor to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get 　　　　　from other sources. This can be done by 　　　　　higher wages. Higher bidding would also apply to the other factors of production. We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive, 　　　　　　 not all land is equally fertile and not all ore is equally rich in the mineral wanted.

　　1 A to B at C of D on

　　2 A below B beneath C over D above

　　3 A price B cost C worth D profit

　　4 A that B why C what D if

　　5 A afford B pretend C offer D decide

　　6 A sure B afraid C aware D suspicious

　　7 A Because B Since C When D While

　　8 A both B neither C none D any

　　9 A resort B refer C turn D attend

　　10 A clear B simple C difficult D complex

　　11 A bringing B resulting in C including D carrying out

　　12 A less B numerous C more D many

　　13 A them B these C it D those

　　14 A offering B cutting C reducing D having

　　15 A as if B just as C because D while

　　【参考答案】

　　1. C　　2. A　　3. B　　4. C　　5. A

　　6. C　　7. D　　8. A　　9. B　　10. D

　　11. B　 12. C　 13. C　 14. A　 15. B