Even though ulcers appear to run in families, lifestyle plays more of a role than genetic factors in causing the illness, according to a report in the April 13th Journal of Internal Medicine. In particular, smoking and stress in men and the regular use of pain-releasing medicines in women were linked with an increased risk of developing an ulcer.
Overall, 61% of ulcer risk appears to be due to environmental factors, such as smoking, and the remaining 39% is due to genes according to Dr. Ismo Raiha of the University of Turky and colleagues at the University of Helsinki, Finland. Some researchers had suggested that families may spread Helicobacteria pylori, the bacteria that can cause ulcers. However, the new study suggests this is unlikely, according to the report.
Raiha and colleagues studied data from more than 13,000 pairs of twins to examine the roles of genetic and environmental factors in the origin of peptic ulcer disease, they explain. Both twins were more likely to develop an ulcer if the pair were genetically the same as compared with a pair of fraternal twins, suggesting that there must be some genetic susceptibility to ulcer development.
However, the risk was no greater in twins living together compared with twins living apart, suggesting that shared exposure to H. pylori was not to blame. Environment effects were not due to factors shared by family members, and they were related to smoking and stress in men and the use of analgesics in women, the authors wrote. The minor effects of shared environment to disease liability do not support the concept that the grouping of risk factors, such as H. pylori infection, would explain the genetic factor of peptic ulcer disease, they concluded.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is a very likely cause of ulcer in men?
A) Smoking and stress.
B) Drinking and smoking.
C) Genes and children.
D) Use of a certain medicine.
2. What factors contribute to over half the ulcers?
A) Hereditary factors.
B) Economic factors.
C) Environmental factors.
D) Genetic factors.
3. In relation to ulcers, experts study twins in order to examine
A) the roles of genetic factors.
B) the roles of environmental factors.
C) the roles of both factors.
D) the roles of brotherhood.
4. What does environmental effects in the fifth paragraph refer to?
A) A clean environment with no smoke and dust surrounding the living area.
B) Smoking and stress in men and use of pain-killing medicine in Women.
C) Factors shared by family members such as genes and the food they eat.
D) Shared exposure to H. pylori infection in the unclean environment.
5. The passage argues that
A) ulcers are related to genes.
B) ulcers are related to lifestyle.
C) ulcers appear in men and women.
D) ulcers are caused by pylori infection.
答案: ACCBB
GRE词汇象声词该怎么辨析
GRE考试类反词汇
GRE词汇记忆谐音法 单词背诵很好用
新GRE要求词汇量是多少
GRE词汇备考攻略
GRE考试真题常见形容词词汇2
GRE考试真题常见形容词词汇4
GRE考试真题常见形容词词汇6
从文字狱的故事中记忆GRE词汇
GRE分类词汇 浸透 裂缝类GRE词汇精选
GRE词汇中包含哪些数量词?
GRE词汇记忆捷径
GRE词汇快速记忆法
GRE分类词汇分期整理(8)
GRE词汇:一月强效记忆
GRE词汇:用“异构法”+“拆字法”
GRE词汇各种考察方法
GRE词汇书如何选择?
如何更有效的背诵GRE词汇
GRE词汇分类记忆:安慰缓和
GRE词汇分类总结之各种病
GRE填空题中出现的高频词汇大全
新GRE词汇怎么记效果最好
GRE分类词汇 阁楼 即兴类GRE词汇精选
怎么复习GRE词汇
GRE考试常见词根词缀整理
看小故事学GRE词汇:堂吉诃德
GRE考试真题常见形容词词汇1
GRE词汇分类总结之假的东西
利用平常时间背诵GRE词汇的方法
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |