1. _____________ (为了维护健康),there are at least three things we can do every day.
2. _______________(他大概知道他要做什么),but nothing specific.
3. We need to live a regular life. That is,_____________(我们要早睡早起,戒除烟酒).
4. Could you ______________(给我介绍一本关于物理方面的好书)?
5. In addition, we should not ________________(忽视每个人都想要一个温馨祥和的社会).
答案与解析:
1. To keep healthy
为了维护健康,我们每天至少可做三件事。英文里不能将两个或两个以上的简单句糅杂在一句话中。句子需填入部分在全句里充当的成分是目的状语。"维护健康"是未来要去做的事情,是努力的方向,应说成To keep healthy,也可以用In order to keep healthy来表示目的。
2. He has some vague ideas about what to do
"他大概知道他要做什么"言下之意是:他其实并不清楚要做什么。于是有考生会误译成He has some unclear ideas about what to do. 本题考查选词。unclear是指句意、字迹不清楚,使人难以看懂、不能肯定的。而由nothing specific可知,"他"的想法很多,很混乱,不能形成一个确定的、清晰的计划。所以用vague更准确。vague是指含混不清的,多用于比喻意义,用来表示因逻辑关系不清,言辞笼统而导致的意义不清楚。如:a vague idea(模糊的想法);He was a little vague when I asked what had happened.(我问他出了什么事时,他一无所知。)
3. we keep good hours and restrain smoking and drinking
"早睡早起"不能按照字面直译成sleep and get up early。这样的翻译就Chinglish了,老外理解不了。我们需要运用意译法。早睡早起的含义就是要有一个合理、规则的作息时间,英文说成keep good hours。另外表示"戒除"的词有:restrain,refrain,stop等。refrain是一个不及物动词,后面不能直接加上宾语 smoking and drinking,必须用及物动词短语refrain from来表示,当然也可以选择restrain或stop或deny oneself to。
4. recommend me a good book on Physics
这里的"介绍"不能照着字面理解翻译成常见的introduce。作"介绍"讲时是用于人们相遇时进行的"介绍;引见;使互相认识"。这句话中的"介绍"是要请别人给"推荐"一本书,因此要选用recommend作为"介绍"的对应词。同样,翻译"他向我们介绍了一些教学经验"这句话时,也不能使用 introduce。应该译作He told us something about his experience in teaching. 考生要注意,汉译英是一定要首先理解汉语的实际语义,才能避免英语选词错误。
5. neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society
ignore与neglect的辨析,宾语从句的运用和形容词"温馨"的表达。ignore也有忽视的意思,但它是指故意忽略某人的存在,不予理睬。如:I tried to tell her but she ignored me.(我打算告诉她,可是她不理睬我。)She saw him coming but she ignored him.(她看见他走过来,但装作没看到他。)neglect强调"疏忽"、"忽略"某个事实,如:neglect their warnings(不顾他们的警告)。本句从含义上讲用neglect更贴切。原句需填补部分是一个从句,neglect可以加that再加从句。 warm有温暖、激烈、热烈、兴奋的意思,但表达"温馨"不合适;而friendly除了表示友好的、友谊的,也可以指气氛温馨。
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