天津市蓟县2016高考英语一轮阅读理解专题选练（12）
阅读理解。
In the fall of 1985. I was a bright-eyed girl heading off to Howard University, aiming at a legal career and dreaming of sitting on a Supreme Court bench somewhere. Twenty-one years later I am later I am still a bright-eyed dreamer and one with quite a different tale to tell.
My grandma, an amazing woman, graduated from college an the age of 65. She was the first in our family to reach that goal. But one year after I started college, she developed cancer. I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for her. It meant that school and my personal dream would have to wait.
Then I got married with another dream: building my family with a combination of adopt and biological children. In 1999, we adopted our first son. To lay eyes on him was fantastic---and very emotional. A year later came our second adopted boy. Then followed son No. 3. In 2003, I gave birth to another boy.
You can imagine how fully occupied I became, raising four boys under the age of 81. Our home was a complete zoo---a joyous zoo. Not surprising, I never did make it back to college full-time. But I never gave up on the dream either. I had only one choice: to find a way. That meant talking as few as one class each semester.
The hardest part was feeling guilty about the time I spent away from the boys. They often wanted me to stay home with them. There certainly were times I wanted to quit, But I knew I should set an example for them to follow through the rest of their lives.
In 2007, I graduated from the University of North Carolina. It took me over 21 years to get my college degree！
I am not special, just single-minded. It always struck me that when you’re looking at a big challenge from the outside it looks huge, but when you’re in the midst of it, it just seems normal. Everything you want won’t arrive in your life on one day. It’s a process. Remember；little steps add up to big dreams.
(
) 1. When the author went to Howard University, her dream was tobe
A. a writer
B. a teacher
C. a judge
D. a doctor
(
) 2. Why did the author quit school in her second year of college?
A. She wanted to study by herself.
B. She fell in love and got married.
C. She suffered from a serious illness.
D. She decided to look after her grandma.
(
) 3. What can we learn about the author from Paragraphs 4 and 5?
She was busy yet happy with her family life.
She ignored her guilty feeling for her sons.
She wanted to remain a full-time housewife.
She was too confused to make a correct choice.
(
) 4. What dose the author mostly want to tell us in the last paragraph?
Failure is the mother of success.
B、Little by little, one goes far.
C. Every coin has two sides.
D、Well begun, half done.
(
) 5.Which of the following can best describe the author?
Caring and determine.
B、Honest and responsible.
C、Ambitious and sensitive.
D、Innocent and single-minded.
【文章大意】记叙文。文章介绍了作者取得本科学位的过程中做的事情。
1.C细节理解题。根据文章第一段的aiming at a legal career and dreaming of sitting on a Supreme Court bench somewhere.，可知答案为C。
2.D细节理解题。根据文章I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for her. It meant that school and my personal dream would have to wait.可知答案。
3.A 推理判断题，由You can imagine how fully occupied I became, raising four boys under the age of 8. Our home was a complete zoo---a joyous zoo. 作者需要养育4个儿女，同时还要坚持学习的梦想， joyous可见作者在感到家庭是忙碌而幸福的。
4.B推理判断题。根据Everything you want won’t arrive in your life on one day. It’s a process. Remember；little steps add up to big dreams.可以看出作者的学习是在循序渐进，千里之行始于足下，最终才取得学位的。Little by little ,one goes far.与之符合。
5.A推理判断题。通过全文作者照顾祖母和照顾家庭，可以看出作者Caring；通过作者坚持不懈的学习，最终拿到学位，可以看出作者的决心determine，选A。
【重庆市南开中学2017二诊考试请阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Why do we laugh and get amusement from so many different things，from puns (双关语) to pratfalls? Why are some things funny to some people and not to others? How is that while a successful joke an cause pleasure，a sick one an cause serious harm?
Over the centuries，various scholars have attempted to produce a universally agreed-upon theory of humor．Plato and Aristotle introduced the superiority(优越感theory，the idea that people laugh at the misfoe of others．Their theory seems to explain teasin，but it doesn’t work well for knock-knock jokes．Sigmund Freud argued for his relief theory，the concept that humor is a way for people to release psychological tension and reveal their inner fears and desires．His theory works well for dirty jokes，less well for most puns．
The majority of humor expels today agree with the incongruity theory，the idea that humor arises when there’ a gap between what people expect to happen and what actually happens．Incongruity has a lot going for it — jokes with unexpected funny lines，for example，fit well．But scientists have found that in comedy，unexpectedness i overvalued．
With the goal of developing a new，more satisfactory explanation，I produced “the gentle violation(违背)theory”，the idea that humor arises when something seems wrong or threatenin，but is actually OK or safe．A dirty joke，for example，trades on moral or social violations，but it’ only going to get a laugh if the person listening is open enough to consider the subject OK to talk about．Similarly，puns can be seen as linguistic violations that still make grammatical sense．
And while most humor theories have struggled to account for tickling (挠痒痒)，or just avoided the phenomenon altogether，my theory accounts for even this kind of laughter．Tickling involves violating someone’ physical space in a gentle way．People an’t tickle themselves — because it isn’t a violation．
52．What is the author’ attitude towards Plato and Aristotle’s theory?
A．Critical．B．ApprovingC．uncaringD．Unclear
53． According to Sigmund Freud’ theory，we can infer that
A．people will laugh when they see others suffer
B．telling dirty jokes is a relief of one’ nervous feelings
’
C．unexpectedness can explain how humor works
D．tickling doesn’t involve psychological tension
54．According to the author，why are some things funny to some people but not to others?
A．Because the sense of humor varies greatly from person to person．
B．Because people have different expectations for the same thin．
C．Because some people lack the sense of safety deep in their heart．
D．Because people’ understanding of violation is different．
55．What is the author’ main purpose of writing this passage?
A．To draw people’ attention to the research of humor．
B．To criticize people’ misconceptions about humor．
C．To explain what exactly causes people to laugh．
D．To prove the sense of humor an be developed．—55、ABDC
阅读下五篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。名校联盟2017联合A
I came to study in the United States a year ago. Yet I did not know the real American society until I was injured in a car accident because after the accident I had to see a doctor and go to court.
After the accident，my roommate called a doctor for me. I was very grateful and determined to repay him one day. But the next day, he asked me to pay him $200 for what he had done. I was astonished. He had good reason to charge me, he said. And if I wanted to collect money from the person who was responsible for my injury, I’d have to have a good lawyer. And only a good doctor can help me get a good lawyer .Now that he had helped me find a good doctor, it was only fair that I should pay him.
But every day I went to see the doctor, I had to wait about 50 minutes. He would see two or three patients at the same time, and often stop treating one so as to see another. Yet he charged me $115 each time. The final examination report consisted of ten lines, and it cost me $215.
My lawyer was all smiles the first time we met. But after that he avoided seeing me at all. He knew very well the other party was responsible for the accident, yet he hardly did anything. He simply waited to collect his money. He was so irresponsible that I didn’t want to hire him. And he made me pay him $770.
Now I had to act as my own lawyer. Due to my inexperience, I told the insurance company the date I was leaving America. Knowing that, they played for time and I left without getting a cent.
36. The author’s roommate offered to help him because________.
A. he showed sympathy to the author
B. he knew the author should find a good doctor
C. he knew the author needed his help
D. he thought it was a chance to make some money
37. A good doctor is necessary for the author to __________.
A. find out the person responsible for the accident
B. recover totally from the injury
C. eventually make the responsible party pay for his injury
D. be treated fairly before he leaves America
38. Both the doctor and the lawyer in this passage are __________.
A. helpful
B. professional
C. money-maker
D. selfish
39. What conclusion can you draw from the story?
A. One cannot be too careful while driving a car.
B. People value money most in the US.
C. Finding lawyers is something very common in America.
D. Having some selfless friends is more important than other things in the US.
【参考答案】36—39、DCDB
阅读理解。
When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951, her mother told her, "Be sure and take a typing course so when this show business thing doesn't work out, you'll have something to rely on." Mary responded in typical teenage fashion. From that moment on, "the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course," she recalls.
The show business thing worked out, of course. In her career, Mary won many awards. Only recently, when she began to write Growing Up Again, did she regret ignoring her morn," I don't know how to use a computer," she admits.
Unlike her 1995 autobiography, After All, her second book is less about life as an award-winning actress and more about living with diabetes (糖尿病). All the money from the book is intended for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF), an organization she serves as international chairman. "I felt there was a need for a book like this," she says." I didn't want to lecture, but I wanted other diabetics to know that things get better when we're self-controlled and do our part in managing the disease."
But she hasn't always practiced what she teaches. In her book, she describes that awful day, almost 40 years ago, when she received two pieces of life-changing news. First, she had lost the baby she was carrying, and second, tests showed that she had diabetes. In a childlike act, she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts (甜甜圈). Years would pass before she realized she had to grow u p ---again---and take control of her diabetes, not let it control her. Only then did she kick her three-pack-a-day cigarette habit, overcome her addiction to alcohol, and begin to follow a balanced diet.
Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced her to the sidelines of the dance floor, she refuses to fall into self-pity. "Everybody on earth can ask, 'why me?' about something or other," she insists. "It doesn't do any good. No one is immune (免疫的) to heartache, pain, and disappointments. Sometimes we can make things better by helping others. I've come to realize the importance of that as I've grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be."
(
) 1. Why did Mary feel regretful?
A. She didn't achieve her ambition.
B. She didn't take care of her mother.
C. She didn't complete her high school.
D. She didn't follow her mother's advice.
(
) 2. We can know that before 1995 Mary
A. had two books published
B. received many career awards
C. knew how to use a computer
D. supported the JDRF by writing
(
)
3. Mary's second book Growing Up Again is mainly about her
.
A. living with diabetes
B. successful show business
C. service for an organization
D. remembrance of her mother
(
) 4. When Mary received the life-changing news, she
.
A. lost control of herself
B. began a balanced diet
C. Med to get a treatment
D. behaved in an adult way
(
) 5. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. Mary feels pity for herself.
B. Mary has recovered from her disease.
C. Mary wants to help others as much as possible.
D. Mary determines to go back to the dance floor.
【语篇解读】本文为人物介绍说明文。主要介绍了玛丽·摩尔的职业生涯及抗病之争。
1. 答案D。考点：细节理解题。
解析：根据第二段“Only recently，when she began to write Growing Up Again，did she regret ignoring her mom，‘I don’t know how to use a computer,’ she admits.”可判断选D项。
2. 答案B。考点：细节理解题。
解析：根据第二段“The show business thing worked out，of course. In her career，Mary won many awards.”可判断选B项。
3. 答案A。考点：细节理解题。
解析：根据第三段“her second book is less about life as an award winning actress and more about living with diabetes (糖尿病).”可判断选A项。
4. 答案A。考点：细节理解题。
解析：根据第四段“In a childlike act，she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts (甜甜圈).Years would pass before she realized she had to grow up again—and take control of her diabetes，not let it control her.”可判断选A项。
5. 答案C。考点：推理判断题。
解析：根据最后一段中的Mary Moore 所说的话“I’ve come to realize the importance of that as I’ve grown up this second time. I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.”可推断她想尽可能地去帮助他人，故选C项。
专题讲座——阅读理解之主旨大意题
Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water.He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away.He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son.A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins“Twinkle，twinkle，little star”or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.
One explanation is the law of overlearning，which can be stated as follows：Once we have learned something，additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming，bicycle riding，and playing baseball long after we have learned them.We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as“Twinkle，twinkle，little star”and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks.We not only learn but overlearn.
The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school，because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination，though it may result in a passing grade，is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course.By cramming，a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination，but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.A little overlearning，on the other hand，is really necessary for one’s future development.
1．What is the main idea of Paragraph1?
A．People remember well what they learned in childhood.
B．Children have a better memory than grownups.
C．Poem reading is a good way to learn words.
D．Stories for children are easy to remember.
2．The author explains the law of overlearning by________.
A．presenting research findings
B．setting down general rules
C．making a comparison
D．using examples
3．According to the author，being able to use multiplication tables is________.
A．a result of overlearning
B．a special case of cramming
C．a skill to deal with math problems
D．a basic step towards advanced studies
4．What is the author’s opinion on cramming?
A．It leads to failure in college exams. B．It’s helpful only in a limited way.
C．It’s possible to result in poor memory.
D．It increases students’ learning interest.
[参考答案]
1－4：ADAB,
本文为说明文。为什么我们儿时学到的东西在间隔了多年后仍然记忆犹新？这也许是由“过度学习法则”所决定的。
A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water.who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 man；when 引导时间状语从句。as well as 在句中意为“和……一样好”。
当多年没有机会游泳的人重新回到水里时，依然能和过去一样游得非常好。
主旨大意题要求考生对全文的内容或某一段的内容加以合理地归纳，目的是检查对短文整体或某一段落的理解概括能力。它可以是对文章或段落中心的陈述，也可以是对文章标题的选择。在做主旨大意题时，我们可以遵循以下四部曲：