第二部分 语法专项突破()
真题改编，语法填空
1．(2017·湖北改编)People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often ________ rather than based on fixed criteria.
答案：arbitrary 根据句意：人们往往抱怨，对于许可证的批准或否定不是根据一定的规则，而是太随意。arbitrary“随意的”，符合题意。
2．(2017·湖北改编)He didn't selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle. Instead, he made a ________ contribution to help the community.
答案：generous 根据句意：他没有把从叔叔那里继承下来的钱据为己有，而是慷慨地捐出来，帮助社区。generous“慷慨的”，符合题意。
3．(2017·东北三省四市第二次联考改编)Jerry has promised to keep the secret, so he won't tell anyone ________ asked to.
答案：even though 考查状语从句的连词。句意为：Jerry承诺保守秘密，因此即使被问及，他也不会告诉任何人(那个秘密)。even though意为“尽管，即使”。根据语境可知，答案为even though。
4．(2017·浙江改编)Mary worked here as a ________ secretary and ended up getting a fulltime job with the company.
答案：temporary 本题考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玛丽在这儿当临时秘书，结果却在这家公司得到了一份全职的工作。temporary“临时的，暂时的”。根据题干意思可知正确答案为temporary。
5．(2017·新课标全国Ⅰ改编)Tony can hardly boil an egg，still ________ cook dinner.
答案：less 本题考查副词的用法。句意：托尼几乎不会煮鸡蛋，更不用说做饭了。still less“何况；更不用说”，符合题意。
6．(2017·湖北改编)Don't defend him any more. It's obvious that he ________ destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.(deliberate)
答案：deliberately 根据句意：不要再为他辩护了，很明显，他是故意破坏花园的围墙的，甚至连道歉都没有。deliberately“故意地”为正确答案。
7．(2017·安徽改编)If parents have children help with housework, the children will feel needed. What's________， they will learn to take care of themselves.
答案：more 本题考查短语辨析。句意：如果父母让孩子帮助做家务，孩子们会感到被需要。另外，他们还会学会照顾自己。what's more“另外，而且”。分析句意可知，前后句之间为递进关系，故用more。
8．(2017·江西改编)What a terrible experience! ________， you're safe now—that's the main thing.
答案：Anyway 考查副词词义辨析。句意：多么可怕的经历啊！无论如何，现在你安全了——那才是主要的事。anyway“尽管如此，无论如何；总之(表示略去一些细节转到下一个主要话题)”，为正确答案。
9．(2017·江西改编)There are a small number of people involved, possibly as ________as twenty.
答案：few 句意：有关人数很少，可能少到20人。people为复数名词；另外，根据题意可知，用few强调人数少。
10．(2017·福建改编)Those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy ________ priced bikes.(affordable)
答案：affordably 本题考查副词词义辨析。句意：那些可怜而又贫穷的十多岁的孩子们非常激动，因为在拐角处他们发现了一家商店，在那儿有他们能够买得起的自行车。affordably“买得起地”，符合句意。
11．(2017·辽宁改编)Everything seemed to be going ________ for the first two days after I moved to New York.(smooth)
答案：smoothly 考查副词的用法。句意：我搬到纽约的最初的两天一切看上去好像是进展顺利。smoothly“顺利地，流畅地”，为正确答案。
12．(2017·浙江改编)If we leave right away, ________ we'll arrive on time.(hopeful)
答案：hopefully 本题考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我们马上出发，我们有望能按时到达。hopefully“有希望地”，为正确答案。
13．Determined not to fall behind, my deskmate now spends twice as________time as he used to on physics, his weakest subject.
答案：much 考查倍数表达法。句意：下定决心不落后，我的同桌现在花在物理学科——他最弱在科目的时间是以前的两倍。倍数表达方式之一是“倍数＋as＋adj./adv.＋as＋其他部分”。
14．—Which one of these two dictionaries do you advise me to buy, Oxford or Longman?
—Well, take Oxford. I think it is ________better of the two.
答案：the 考查形容词的比较级。句意：——“牛津和朗文这两本词典，你建议我买哪一本呢？”——“哦，买牛津词典吧。这两本里我觉得牛津词典更好些。”两者相比较，要用比较级，并且为特指，因此用the。
15．—The lecture we attended this morning was really wonderful and moving.
—Yeah, I have never been to a________one in my life.
答案：better 考查形容词的比较级。句意：——“今天早上我们参加的那个讲座真的很精彩、感人。”——“是的，这是我有生以来参加过的最好的一场讲座。”根据句意可知，第二个说话者同意第一个说话者的观点，比较级和否定词连用表示最高级含义。
16．It is university believed that a student with an extremely ________ mind usually gets high scores in the exams, expecially in the physics exam.
答案：sharp 考查形容词辨析。句意：人们普遍认为一个头脑极其敏锐的学生往往可以在考试中取得高分，尤其是在物理考试中。sharp“敏锐的，灵敏的”，符合题意。
17．(2017·湖北·28改编)Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a ________ smile and let him go.
答案：tolerant 句意：她没有责备那个打碎了花瓶的孩子，而是冲他宽厚地一笑，并让他走了。tolerant“宽容的，容忍的”，符合句意。
18．(2017·安徽·27改编)My good performance in the job interview left me________ about my future and about what I can do here.
答案：optimistic 句意：我在求职面试中的出色表现让我对我的未来及我在这儿能做什么感到乐观。前面的my good performance是一个暗示词，表现好自然会使自己感到乐观。positive“乐观的”，符合题意。
19．(2017·江苏·28改编)The idea “happiness，” ________sure, will not sit still for easy definition.
答案：to be 句意：“幸福”这想法，固然不是坐着不动而简单地下这定义的。to be sure“诚然，固然(用于要说相反意见之前)”，符合语境。
20．(2017·浙江·4改编)Joe is proud and ________， never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame.
答案：stubborn 句意：Joe很骄傲而且很固执，他从不承认自己的错，总是怪别人。stubborn意为“固执的”，符合语境。
21．(2017·江西·23改编)Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldn't have found it ________.
答案：otherwise 句意：谢谢你对这所房子的说明；否则我们是没法找到它的。otherwise“否则”，符合句意。
22．(2017·湖北·29改编)Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said ________(sharp), “Don't be so mean，” pointing a finger of warning at her.
答案：sharply 句意：萨布丽娜的话音刚落，阿尔伯特就冲她伸出一根手指表示警告，并且很尖刻地说，“别那么小气”。sharply“尖锐地；尖刻地”，符合句意。
23．(2017·安徽·33改编)It's our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and________， supply more jobs.
答案：therefore 句意：我们希望我们能在市场上扮演更重要的角色，并因此而提供更多的工作机会。前面的play a greater role in the market place和后面的supply more jobs之间为因果关系，故用therefore表示“因此”。
24．(2017·江苏·32改编)I can't meet you on Sunday.I'll be ________ occupied.
答案：otherwise 句意：我周日不能见你了。要不然，我将会很忙。otherwise“否则，要不然”，符合句意。
25．(2017·浙江·13改编)The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others ________(blind)．
答案：blindly 句意：教育的目标在于教会年轻人去自我思考虑，而不是盲目地跟从。blindly“盲目地”，符合语境。