江苏省常熟市2017高考英语阅读理解暑假练习（2）及答案
较难题目特训：科普知识类
A new argument has been put forward as to whether penguins are disturbed by the presence of tourists in Antarctica.
Previous research by scientists from Keil University in Germany monitored Adelie penguins and noted that the birds’ heart rates increased dramatically at the sight of a human as far as 30 meters away. But new research using an artificial egg, which is equipped to measure heart rates, disputes this. Scientists from the Scott Polar Research Institute at Cambridge say that a slow moving human who does not approach the nest too closely, is not viewed as a threat by penguins.
The earlier findings have been used to partly explain the 20 per cent drop in populations of certain types of penguins near tourist sites. However, tour operators have continued to insist that their activities do not adversely affect wildlife in Antarctica, saying they encourage non-disruptive behavior in tourists, and that the decline in penguin numbers is caused by other factors.
Amanda Nimon of the Scott Polar Research Institute spent three southern hemisphere summers at Cuverville Island in Antarctica studying penguin behavior towards humans. “A nesting penguin will react very differently to a person rapidly and closely approaching the nest,” says Nimon. “First they exhibit large and prolonged heart rate changes and then they often flee the nest leaving it open for predators (掠夺者) to fly in and remove eggs or chicks.” The artificial egg, specially for the project, monitored both the parent who had been ‘disturbed’ when the egg was placed in the nest and the other parent as they both took it in turns to guard the nest.
However, Boris Culik, who monitored the Adelie penguins, believes that Nimon’s findings do not invalidate his own research. He points out that species behave differently – and Nimon’s work was with Gentoo penguins. Nimon and her colleagues believe that Culik’s research was methodologically flawed because the monitoring of penguins’ responses needed capturing and restraining the birds and fitting them with beart-rate transmitters. Therefore, argues Nimon, it would not be surprising if they became stressed on seeing a human subsequently.
66. According to the passage, what overall message is presented?
A. No firm conclusions are drawn.
B. Neither Culik’s nor Nimon’s findings are of much value.
C. Penguin reduction is closed related to tourist behavior.
D. Tourists are not responsible for the fall in penguin numbers.
67. Which ONE argument of the following is stated in the passage?
A. Penguins are harder to research when they have young.
B. Tour operators should encourage tourists to avoid Antarctica.
C. Not all penguins behave in the same way.
D. Penguins need better protection from tourists.
68. What do you notice about the views presented in the passage?
A. They are groundless.
B. They are factual.
C. They are descriptive.
D. They are conflicting.
69. What does the underlined word (final line) probably mean?
A. later on
B. carmly
C. separately
D. in the same place
【参考答案】12.ACDA
社会生活类
Big Brothers Big Sisters is based on the simplicity and power of friendship. It is a program which provides friendship and fun by matchingvulnerable young people(ages 7- 17) with a volunteer adult who can be both a role model and a supportive friend.
Volunteer tutors come from all walks of life—married, single, with or without children. Big Brothers and Big Sisters are not replacement parents or social workers. They are tutors: someone to trust, to have fun with, to talk and go to when needed.
A Big Sister and Little Sister will generally spend between one and four hours together three or four times each month for at least twelve months. They enjoy simple activities such as a picnic at a park, cooking, playing sport or going to a football match. These activities improve the friendship and help the young person develop positive self- respect, confidence and life direction.
Big Brothers Big Sisters organizations exist throughout the world. It is the largest and most well- known provider of tutor services internationally and has been operating for 25 years.
Emily and Sarah have been matched since March 2008. Emily is a 10- year- old girl who has experienced some difficulties being accepted by her schoolmates at school. ‘I was pretty sure there was something wrong with me. ’
Emily’s mum came across Big Brothers Big Sisters and thought it would be of benefit to Emily by‘providing different feedback(反馈) about herself other than just relying on schoolmates to measure her self- worth. ’
Sarah wanted to get involved in a volunteer program. ‘I googled it and found out how to be a part of it. I thought it would be fun for me to get involved in making time to do something because sometimes it’s all work and no play. ’
Big Brothers Big Sisters has been of great benefit and enjoyment to both Emily and Sarah. They love and look forward to their time together and the partnership has certainly helped Emily be more comfortable in being the wonderful, happy and unique girl she is!
1. What is the aim of Big Brothers Big Sisters?
A. To offer students public services.
B. To help students improve their grades.
C. To organize sport activities for young people.
D. To provide partnership and fun for young people.
2. A volunteer is usually expected to work within a year for at least .
A. 24 hours B. 36 hours C. 48 hours D. 72 hours
3. According to Emily’s mother, this program may provide Emily with .
A. advice from her teachers
B. a new way to assess herself
C. a new way to judge her schoolmates
D. more comments from her schoolmates
4. Why did Sarah want to get involved in the program?
A. She used to be a volunteer.
B. She needed a part- time job.
C. She felt a bit bored with her life.
D. She wanted to get a challenging job.
5. According to the passage, ‘vulnerable young people’ are probably those who are .
A. popular at school B. rather weak physically
C. easily hurt emotionally D. confident in themselves
【参考答案】38.DBBCC
【 山东省菏泽市2017高考英语一模试题】E
Televisions were among the most talked about items at the 2017 International Consumer Electronics Show last week in Las Vegas, Nevada. Some employed the most advanced technology ever.
Some of the TVs used a new technology called Organic Light Emitting Diodes, or OLED. They were thinner, lighter, offered better color and were brighter than traditional LEDs. Smart TVs this year were smarter. Many offered technology that let users have a more personalized experience. One such TV from the electronics company TCL uses sensors and voice recognition to determine who is watching. It then offers programming based on the specific user. Another TV from Panasonic offers a similar personalized user experience.
In addition to television technology, size also played a major part in CES 2017. Televisions varied in size from big to bigger, with at least two companies — Samsung and HiSense — exhibiting TVs measuring 110 inches.
The yearly Consumer Electronics Show is the biggest technology trade show in North America and one of the biggest in the world.
Gary Shapiro is president and CEO of the Consumer Electronics Association, the group that organizes CES. He gave one of the keynote speeches on opening day.
“Now you know that CES is more than a trade show. It’s a gathering of the brightest minds and the top leaders from many industries and those seeking a glimpse into the future.”
That glimpse into the future included a look at digital health and fitness devices, which were also big at CES 2017. There were devices that track your activity and others that measure blood pressure, heart rate and weight. There was even a fork that tells you when you are eating too fast.
Cars, smart-phones, tablet computers and PCs also made news. And a 27-inch table computer drew quite a bit of attention.
CEA President Gary Shapiro says there was much to see but not nearly enough time to see it all. “You cannot see the show in the four days that you have. We have over 3200 different industries showing over 20,000 new products. It’s absolutely incredible.”
61. At the 2017 CES, which item drew the most attention?
A. Cars.
B. Smart-phones.
C. Computers.
D. Televisions.
62. From the text, we can know that the TV from Panasonic _________.
A. is bigger than the others
B. uses the technology of OLED
C. offers a personalized experience
D. can track your activity
63. What can we know from Gary Shapiro?
A. CES is only a big trade show.
B. CES offers a glimpse into the future.
C. CES lasts only four days in all.
D. He thinks little of the new products’ quality.
64. At the CES, the biggest TV in size might be from ______.
A. HiSense
B. Panasonic
C. TCL
D. CEA
65. From the passage we can infer that__________.
A. the CES is held every 4 years
B. at the 2017 CES, the TV section was crowded
C. if you watch TV every day, you needn’t see a doctor
D. tablet computers drew more attention at the 2017 CES
【参考答案】61—65 DCBAB
【吉林省九校联合体2017高考英语二模试题】D
Today's word, pan, takes us back to the days of the gold rush in California.
On January 24th, 1848, a man named James Wilson Marshall discovered gold in California. The news spread quickly. Thousands rushed west. They traveled on foot, on horseback and by boat to reach the gold fields. By 1849, the great gold rush was on. Towns and cities grew overnight. Throughout California --- in the mountains, along the streams and rivers --- thousands of people searched for gold.
Some found areas of mountain rock thick with gold. These men got rich. But such areas were few and quickly claimed by the first men to find them. Others searched for gold in the rivers coming down the mountains. They were after pieces of gold that the rains had washed down from above .
The only way to find this gold was by panning. First a gold miner put dirt in a metal pan and added water. Then he shook the pan so that the water would wash the dirt. Slowly, he poured the water out of the pan. If he was a lucky miner, pieces of gold would remain.
Across the nation, newspapers carried stories of the gold being found. Each one hoped that the place he claimed panned out well --- had some gold.
For many, gold mining did not pan out. For a few, it panned out well. But in time, huge machines were built that could wash many tons of dirt at a time. Panning died out.
The word, however, remained in the language. Today, Americans still say, “ It panned out well ,” when something they have done pleases them. A business, a discovery, a simple event pans out well if it is successful. Unhappily, sometimes things do not pan out.
In recent years, the word pan has taken on another meaning. Today, it also means to criticize. How it got this meaning is hard to discover. But the job of a critic is to sometimes pan the work of a writer, artist or singer.
33. Why did so many people flood to California in 1848?
A. Because towns and cities there developed quickly.
B. Because the mountains in California were a great place for travel.
C. Because they wanted to get rich by looking for gold.
D. Because the land of California was fertile at that time.
34. The underlined part “It panned out well" in Paragraph 7 has the same meaning as “______”
A. Everything turned out well
B. Nothing could be worse
C. It's not the case
D. It's a pity
35. What is the purpose of this passage?
A. To tell us some stories about the gold rush.
B. To introduce the word "pan" in American English.
C. To teach us how to look for gold in rivers.
D. To introduce the history of the gold rush in California
【参考答案】D 33-35 CAB