1.suffer vt.& vi.
suffer作及物动词,但无被动语态,宾语常是pain,loss,defeat,punishment,hardship等。而suffer from表示“遭受……之苦,患某种疾病”。
(1)vt.遭受,经历
This area suffered a great loss in the earthquake.
这一地区在地震中遭受重大损失。
The Democrats suffered a crushing defeat in the last election.民主党在上次选举中遭遇了惨败。He suffered great pain/no pain.
他遭受了很大的痛苦/没遭受痛苦。
(2)vi.受苦;患病(常与from连用,意思为“因……而受苦,受……之苦”)
【拓展】
suffering n.痛苦;苦难,但指种种苦难、痛苦时常用复数。
He died without any suffering.
他死时没有任何痛苦。
He told me all about his sufferings.
他告诉我他所经历的种种苦难。
(1)He
would rather________death than let out the secret.
A.suffer
B.suffer from
C.be suffered
D.be suffering
(2)________such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river.
A.Having suffered
B.Suffering
C.To suffer
D.Suffer
2.pressure n.压,按;压力;艰难
The team performs well under pressure.
这个队在压力下表现良好。
The barriers gave way under the pressure of the crowd.
拥挤的人群把路障推倒了。
She's got a lot of pressure on her at work just now.
她现在工作压力很大。
考点提示:
under the pressure of 在……的压力下
come/go under pressure
在压力/强制下
bring...under pressure
压制……
put/bring pressure on
给……压力;强迫
cause pressure
造成压力
suffer pressure
承受压力
Life is tough in the city.In order to lose their ________ some people drink alcohol.
A.temper
B.mood
C.consciousness
D.press
完成句子
(1)He had to leave the girl who he loved so deeply_________(在……的压力下)public opinion.
(2)Advertisements______________(迫使)girls to be thin.
3.reduce
(1)vt.减少,降低(翻译较灵活)
reduce expenses 缩减开支
reduce the price
降低价格
reduce the pressure
减轻压力
The plane reduced speed as it approached the airport.
当飞临机场时,飞机减慢了速度。
(2)vi.缩减到(+to);缩减了(+by)
We had to reduce the price from 5 dollars to 3 dollars.
我们不得不把价格从5美元降到3美元。
That is to say,we have to reduce the price by 2 dollars.
那就是说我们不得不降价2美元。
考点提示:
表示“增加”的词有:increase,rise,go up
表示“减少”的词有:decrease,reduce,go down,drop
单项填空
(1)She reduced her weight ________ 5 kilograms.
A.to
B.towards
C.for
D.by
(2)—The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into streets.
—Yes.But I'm sure something will be done to ________ air pollution.
A.reduce
B.remove
C.collect
D.warn
4.diet n.饮食,节食
作可数名词时,常指为了某种特定的目的,定质、定量的饮食。
be on a diet在节食,在减肥
She couldn't help eating delicious fish and meat,though she is on a diet.尽管她在减肥,但还是忍不住吃些鱼和肉。
用food,diet填空
(1)I can smell the delicious ________ on the table.
(2)A healthy________ can benefit you a lot.
5.care v. ①介意,关心,关注 ②照顾,照料 n. ①担心,烦恼 ②[U]照料,护理 ③注意,小心[同attention; caution]
完成句子
①注意不要把这婴儿吵醒了。
__________________ that you don't wake the baby.
②她在照料我的婴儿。
She is ___________________________ my baby.
③只要你答应把我的照相机保管好就可以借去用。
You can borrow my camera if you promise to________________________________ it.
用about, for填空
④Einstein who cared little ________ money never cared ________ his salary.
⑤Would you care ________ some coffee?
6.catch v.①抓住,接住 ②赶上,搭上(车、船等)[反miss] ③理解,听懂[同understand; follow] ④感染(疾病) ⑤撞上,偶然发现 ⑥吸引,引起(注意等)
完成句子/英译汉/单项选择
①老师捉住他考试舞弊。
The teacher caught him ________ in the exam.
[被动语态] He ___________________________.
②要是你耽误很多课,你会很难赶上的。
If you miss a lot of lessons, it's very difficult
③At rush hour we are often caught in traffic.
_____________________________________________
④The painting on the wall caught my eye.
_____________________________________________
⑤I didn't catch what you said.
_____________________________________________
⑥The owner scolded the girl caught ________ flowers in his garden and let her off.
A. picking
B. to pick
C. to have picked
D. to be picking
用catch up with或keep up with填空
⑦别跑了,我赶不上你了。
Don't run — I can't ________________________ you.
⑧为了跟上那些优秀学生,我们得努力学习了。
We have to work hard to _________ those excellent students.
7.prefer vt.宁可,宁愿;更喜欢
I prefer not to think about it.我不想考虑此事。
Would you prefer me to stay?你愿意我留下来吗?
考点提示:
prefer+名词/代词 更喜欢……
prefer to/do
更愿意做……(倾向具体的动作)
prefer doing
更愿意做……(倾向普遍的行为习惯)
prefer sb to do
更愿意某人做……
prefer thatclause
更愿意……(从句中常用虚拟语气,即“主语+should do”,should可省略)
prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不做B
prefer(doing)A to(doing)B 宁愿做A而不做B
(1)On a cold day he prefers ________ out to play football ________ at home.
A.going;rather stay
B.going;to staying
C.to go;rather than staying
D.to go;rather than to stay
(2)He prefers ________ lectures to the students to ________ to different boring conferences.
A.to give;be invited
B.give;be invited
C.giving;be invited
D.giving;being invited
8.advertisement n.广告(简写ad.)
Put an advertisement in the newspaper.在报纸上登广告。
She scanned the job/property advertisements in the paper.
她浏览了一下报纸的招聘/房地产广告。[剑桥高阶]
考点提示:
(1)advertise v.登广告,作广告
advertise
sth
宣传某物,为某物作广告
advertise for
sth /sb
登广告征寻/招聘某物/人
(2)advertiser n.
做广告的人
(3)advertising n.
广告业
用advertise的适当形式填空
(1)They put ________ in the newspapers to ________ their new cars.
(2)With the development of ________,many ________ find their way to prove their abilities.
9.damage v. 损害,毁坏 n. 损害,损坏,损失
完成句子
①这次地震使一些建筑受到了破坏。
The earthquake ____________________________.
②火灾造成房屋严重损毁。
The fire ____________________________ the houses.
③洪水使这个村子受到了严重破坏。
The village ___________________________ the flood.
10.danger
n. 危险[反safety]
用dangerous, in danger填空
①That dog is ill and ________________.
②That dog is ________________; it may bite.
答案:1.(1)A (2)A
D [句意:城市生活很艰难,许多人为了缓解压力而喝啤酒。lose one's pressure 缓解压力;mood 情绪;consciousness 意识;temper 脾气。]
(1)under the pressure of (2)put pressure on
3.(1)D [reduce...by...“把……减少了”;reduce...to“把……减少到”。句意:她体重减了5公斤。]
(2)A [句意:——汽车在街上放出许多废气。——是的,但是我相信一定会采取措施来降低污染的。reduce减少,降低;remove移开;collect收集;warn警告。]
4.(1)food (2)diet
5.①Take care ②taking care of ③take good care of ④for; about ⑤for
6.①cheating; was caught cheating in the exam ②to catch up
③在交通高峰时间我们经常遇到堵车。 ④墙上的画吸引了我。⑤我没听懂你说的话。
⑥A 该题考查catch sb. doing sth.这一结构,其被动形式为sb. be caught doing sth.。该句中caught是过去分词作后置定语,修饰the girl,相当于who was caught stealing。
⑦catch up with
⑧keep/catch up with
7.(1)B (2)D
8.(1)advertisements;advertise
(2)advertising;advertisers
9.①damaged several buildings
②caused a lot of damage to
③suffered serious damage from
10.①in danger ②dangerous
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