Unit 18 Beauty
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.superior adj.高级的，上等的
2.adore vt.
敬爱，非常喜欢
3.breathless adj.
令人屏息的
4.accompany vt.
伴随，陪同
5.range n.
变化范围；等级
6.subjective
adj.
主观的
7.thrill n.
兴奋，恐惧
v.
使兴奋
8.deliver vt.
递送，传送
9.delicate adj.
精美的，雅致的
10.dignity n.
尊贵，尊严；庄严
11.vain adj.
自负的，炫耀的
12.steady adj.
平稳的；稳定的
13.convey vt.
传达，表达
14.commitment n．责任，义务，承诺→commit vt.犯(错误、罪行等)
15.consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的→consistency n．连贯性，一致性
16.command n．& v. 命令，指挥→commander n．指挥官
17.accessible adj.容易理解的→access n．接近，进入，通道，利用……的权利/机会
18.refresh vt.消除……的疲劳，使振作精神→refreshing adj.使人精神振作的→refreshment n．恢复精神，心旷神怡
19.disturbing adj.使人烦恼的→disturb v．打扰，使不安，使烦恼→disturbance n．扰乱，骚乱，不安
20.tendency n．倾向，趋势→tend v．有……的趋势，倾向于……
21.freezing adj.严寒的，冰冻的→freeze v．将……冷冻，冻僵→frozen adj.结冰的，冷冻的
22.bend v．弯曲 n．弯曲，转弯处→bent adj.弯曲的
23.treat vt.对待→treatment n．对待，处理
24.strike vt.打；打动n.罢工，打击→striking adj.引人注目的，突出的
25.evident adj.明显的，明白的→evidence n．证据；征兆
26.recommend vt.推荐，介绍；劝告→recommendation n．推荐，介绍 用所给词的适当形式填空1.I was completely breathless (breathe) when I got to the top of the mountain.
2.The castle is only accessible to special people and we ordinary citizens have no access to it.(access)
3.On freezing cold weather, water freezes easily.(freeze)
4.The guests were quite satisfied with the treatment because they were well treated there.(treat)
5.He made a commitment that he would never commit the same mistake again.(commit)
6.I was struck by the scenery of the mountain village, especially the striking tower beside it.(strike)
7.It is evident that with the hard evidence Li Tan can't avoid punishment.(evident)
8.The commander commanded that all actions should be at his command.(command)
9.There is an increasing tendency that more and more famous people tend to send their children to study abroad.(tendency)
10.To be a member of the team, I need your recommendation. Can you recommend me to your teacher？(recommend)
11.The disturbing news disturbed his normal life and caused disturbance.(disturb)
12.We need to ensure the consistency of service to our customers and must be consistent in applying this rule.(consist) 1.盘点to表“比较”的短语
①be superior to 比……优越
②be senior to
比……年长
③be junior to
比……年轻
④be inferior to
次于……
2.“观点，态度”形容词荟萃
①positive
积极的
②subjective
主观的
③neutral
中立的
④objective
客观的
⑤negative
消极的
⑥critical
批评的
⑦doubtful
怀疑的
⑧approving
赞许的
3.后缀less形容词归纳
①useless
无用的
②helpless
无助的
③homeless
无家可归的
④harmless
无害的
⑤breathless
令人屏息的
⑥endless
无尽的
4.“命令，指示”集锦
①command n．&v.
命令
②order n．&v.
命令；秩序
③direction n.
指示；方向
④instruction n.
指令；指示
5.“打”之动词全扫描
①strike
打
②beat
敲，打
③hit
打击
④knock
敲打
⑤pat
拍打
⑥whip
鞭打
6.“喜欢”词汇个个清
①adore vt.
非常喜欢
②enjoy vt.
喜爱
③love/like vt.
喜欢，喜爱
④prefer vt.
更喜欢
feel like
喜欢，想要
be keen on
对……热爱
be addicted to
沉迷于
[写得准] [用得活] [积得多]
1.die_out 完全消失，灭绝
2.compare_to/with_
与……比较起来
3.hang_on_a_second
等一下
4.a_set_of_
一套
5.fall_in_love_with_..._
爱上……
6.be_keen_on_..._
热衷于……，非常喜欢……
7.lose_sight_of__
看不见，消失
8.deal_with_
对付；处理
9.in_charge_of_
负责；管理
10.in_an_instant
立即，马上；突然
11.be_trapped_in_..._
被困在……中
12.to_be_honest_
说实话
13.bits_and_pieces
各种各样的零碎
东西
14.in_preparation_for__
为……作准备
15.rely_on_
依靠，依赖 选用左栏短语填空1.At present, some rare wild animals are dying_out at a surprising speed.
2.He must be_keen_on her — they've been dancing all night.
3.To_be_honest,_this poem of yours is the worst I've ever read.
4.It is natural that he should fall_in_love_with such a beautiful girl at first sight.
5.Don't rely_on him to do anything; he's just a talker.
6.He was_trapped_in the crashed car and couldn't move his legs.
7.He was left in_charge_of the shop while the manager was away.
8.His work experience equipped him to deal_with all kinds of people. 1.sight短语清单
①lose one's sight 失明
catch sight of
看见
at the sight of
一看见……(就)
at first sight
乍一看
lose sight of
看不见
2.“in＋n.＋of” 短语全接触
in case of
以防；如果
in favour of
赞成，支持
in honour of
纪念
in need of
需要
in charge of
负责；管理
3.to be honest似短语精选
to be frank
坦率地说
to be sure
确定地说
to be more exact
更准确地说
to start/begin with
首先
to tell (you) the truth
实话告诉你
[背原句] [记句式] [会仿用]
1.Oh, I don't think that's fair！
噢，我认为那不公平！ 否定转移结构 我想他无法回答这个问题，是吗？I don't_think he can answer the question, can he？ 2.So do I ...
我也一样…… so引导的部分倒装句 我比我们班的大多数学生都安静一些，她也是。I am quieter than most students in our class, and so_is_she.
3.Eyes raised，I see the moon so bright；Head bent, in homesickness I am drowned.
举头望明月，低头思故乡。 独立主格结构 问题解决了，质量已经提高了。The_problem_solved,_the quality has been improved.
1．accompany vt.伴随，陪同
[高考佳句] Children, when accompanied by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. (2017·湖南高考单选)
有家长陪同时，孩子们才被允许进入体育场。
(1)accompany sb. to sp.陪同某人到某地
accompany sb. at/on sth.
用某物给某人伴奏
be accompanied by
伴随；与……同时发生
(2) company n.
[C]公司；[U]陪伴；伙伴
keep sb. company
和某人一道；陪伴某人
(3)companion n.
[C]同伴，伙伴；伴侣；陪客
The proposal was instantly voted through with two to one in favor, accompanied_by enthusiastic applause.
在热烈的掌声中，提案以2比1的优势很快通过了表决。
Liu Qian's performance was accompanied on/at the piano by Li Yundi.
刘谦的表演由李云迪钢琴伴奏。
[一言串记] Last night, my company/companions kept me company to see a film and then they accompanied me to my home.
昨天晚上，伙伴们陪我看了一场电影然后陪我回家。
2．range n．变化范围；等级；类别，分类；种类，范围，幅度；界限，山脉；射程v.(在一定范围内)变动，变化；排列
[教材原句] This particular kind of attraction is found in a wide range of personal qualities ...
这种特别的吸引力广泛地存在于人的各种品质……
(1)a wide/full range of 一系列，各种
within/in range (of sth.)
在(某物)可及的范围内
beyond/out of range (of sth.)
超出(某物)的范围
(2)range from ...to ...
在……范围内变动；包括由……
到……之间的各类事物
range between ...and ...
在……和……范围内变动
①I think our mobile phones are out_of/beyond_range_of the nearest radio tower.
我想我们的手机已不在最近的无线发射台覆盖范围内了。
②She has had a number of different jobs, ranging (range) from chef to swimming instructor.
她做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。
③In addition to these traditional activities, we have a_wider_range_of choices such as travelling.
除了这些传统的活动外，我们有更多的选择，比如旅游等。
3. command n．&vt.命令，指挥；控制；掌握；俯视
[经典例句] Applicants will be expected to have a good command of English.(牛津P390)
申请人必须精通英语。
(1)command sb. to do ...命令某人做……
command that ...(should) do ...
命令……做……
(2)at one's command
听从某人的支配
have a good command of ...
掌握……，精通……
under one's command
由某人指挥；在某人
的指挥下
in command of
指挥，掌握
take command of
指挥，控制
①Nobody can take_command_of the situation where everything is in a mess.
没有人能控制混乱局势。
②The commander commanded his men to withdraw.
＝The commander commanded that his men (should)_withdraw.
指挥官命令手下撤退。
③For the first time in years, she felt in_command_of her life.
多少年来第一次，她觉得生活掌握在自己的手里。
[熟词生义] 读句子猜含义
④The house stood on a hill commanding the whole town.俯视
4. deliver vt.递送，传送；发表(演讲等)；履行诺言；交出；移交
[高考佳句] By means of controlled release, I can deliver my books to some specific person, which means I can know where my books go and who likes reading the same books as me.(2015·重庆高考写作)
通过定向分享的方式，我可以将自己的书交给某个特定的人，这意味着我可以知道自己的书在哪里和谁喜欢和我读同样的书。
(1)deliver sb./sth. to sb. 把某人/某物递送/传递给某人
deliver a speech
做演讲
deliver sb./sth. (up/over) to sb.
将某人/某物移交给某人
(2)delivery n. 递送，发送；分娩
He has to earn his living by delivering_pure_water_to_customers.
他只得靠给顾客送纯净水谋生。
They delivered their prisoner over to the invading army.
他们把俘虏交给了侵略军。
As long as you've paid in advance we won't charge you for delivery (deliver)．
只要你预先付款，我们就不收你运费。
5．convey vt.传达，表达；运送，搬运
[高考佳句] Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.(2017·湖南高考单选)
了解你自己的需要和交流风格与学会表达你的喜爱和情感一样重要。
convey ... to sb.向某人表达/传递……
convey that/wh从句
表达……
convey one's feelings/meaning
表达某人的感情/意思
convey sb./sth.from A to B
把某人/某物从A地运送到B地
convey sth. to ...
运送某物到(某处)
①The injured driver is now able to convey_his_meaning after treatment in hospital.
这位受伤的司机经过住院治疗后现在可以表达自己的意思了。
②The workers are conveyed by bus from_the_factory_to_their_homes.
用公共汽车把工人们送到家。
6．treat vt.对待，处理；治疗；款待，请客n.[C] 乐事；乐趣；款待
[教材原句] Her sisters, Felicie and Adelaide, are nasty and treat Beauty as a servant.
她的姐妹，费雷西娅和阿德莱德很不友好，把美女当作她们的仆人。
(1)treat sb. well/badly 善待/虐待某人
treat sb. for sth. with sth.
用某物为某人治疗某疾病
treat ...as ...
把……看作……
treat sb./oneself to
用……款待某人/自己
(2)be one's treat
某人请客
①The disease is usually treated with drugs and a strict diet.
这种病通常用药物和严格控制饮食进行治疗。
②I'll treat_you_to_lunch at the restaurant in front of our school.
我将请你在我们学校前面的餐馆吃午饭。
③When I was young chocolate was a treat.
我年轻的时候，吃巧克力是一种难得的享受。
7．strike (struck, stricken/struck) vt.打；打动；撞击；(时钟)报时；攻击；侵袭；爆发；突然想到n.袭击；罢工
[教材原句] Although it is in black and white, the striking use of light makes it seem at times like a moving painting.
尽管电影是黑白的，但是引人注目的灯光效果使电影不时地看起来像一幅移动的油画。
(1)be struck with/by为……所侵袭/所触动(感动)
It/An idea strikes/occurs to sb. that ...
某人突然想到一个……主意
(2)go on strike
举行罢工(动作)
be on strike
在罢工(状态)
(3)striking adj.
引人注目的，突出的
I was_struck_by her youth and enthusiasm. It struck me that she was just the girl I had been seeking. As the saying goes, “Strike while the iron is hot.” I wanted to take action.
我被她的年轻和热情迷住了。我突然想起她正是我所追求的女孩。正如谚语所说的“趁热打铁”，我要采取行动。
What is most striking (strike) is how smart the children are.
最令人注目的是孩子们的聪明。
8．recommend vt.推荐，介绍；劝告，建议
[经典例句] She was recommended for the post by a colleague.(牛津P1658)
她由一个同事推荐到这个岗位。
(1)recommend sb.as推荐某人为……
recommend sb.sth.＝recommend sth. to sb.
向某人推荐某物
(2)recommend sb. to do sth.
建议某人做某事
recommend doing sth.
建议做某事
建议……[从句中的谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形]
(3)recommendation n.
推荐；建议
He recommends wearing (wear) safety equipment while inspecting the construction site.
他建议视察建筑工地时要佩戴安全装备。
He recommended that we (should) see the film, Monster Hunt.
＝He recommended us to_see (see) the film, Monster Hunt.
他建议我们看《捉妖记》这部电影。
③It's strongly recommended that the machine (should)_be_repaired (repair) every year.
有人强烈建议每年都要对机器进行修理。
④I'll be glad if you can consider my recommendation (recommend)．(2017·浙江高考书面表达)
如果你能考虑我的建议我将很高兴。
[联想发散] recommend后面跟从句时，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。以下动词具有相同的用法：
Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空/完成句子)
1．In everyday communication, information conveyed (convey) by gestures is often misinterpreted.
2．Having been warned of danger in the street at night, she had to go home with a friend accompanying (accompany) her.
3．Workers of the coalmine (煤矿) decided to go on strike for better working conditions.
4．Yesterday the woman was delivered of a boy and this morning her family delivered the news to every one of their relatives.
5．The school struggles to treat pupils as individual and help each one to achieve their full potential.
6．The target was now within/in range and so she took aim and fired.
7．His action is_always_consistent_with (总是与……一致) his words wherever he is.
8．This model is technically superior_to (比……更好) its competitors.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．command万花筒
(1)介词填空
①The police arrived and took command of the situation.
②It is of great benefit to you if you have a good command of English.
③I am at your command. What would you like me to do?
④Under his command, the Union Army was defeated.
(2)句型转换
⑤My parents commanded me to finish the work before 5 o'clock.
→My parents commanded that I (should)_finish the work before 5 o'clock.
2．recommend点点练
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①I have been recommended to_try (try) these pills for seasickness.
②I recommend buying (buy) the dictionary for your brother as his birthday present.
③Teachers recommend that students (should)_do (do) some exercise besides learning their lessons while parents recommend teachers to_give (give) students less homework.
(2)句型转换
④Can you recommend me a good dentist?
→Can you recommend a good dentist to me?
⑤Our teacher recommended us to have a trip during the summer holiday.
→Our teacher recommended that we (should)_have a trip during the summer holiday.
Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练
1．根据语境选出range的词性和词义
(A)n.范围 (B)n.射程 (C)n.种类
(D)n.山脉
(E)v.变动
It's difficult to find a house in our price range.
__A__
②We want to climb the great mountain range of the Alps.
__D__
③There are 120 students whose ages range from 10 to 18.
__E__
④It is estimated that these missiles have a range of 300 miles.
__B__
⑤There is a full range of activities for children in our club.
__C__
2．根据语境选出treat的词性和词义
Though I've grown up, my parents still treat me like a child.
__A__
②If he was treated in a proper way, he was likely to be saved.
__C__
③It's a great treat for him to go to Canada.
__D__
④In return for my help, she treated me to lunch yesterday.
__B__
3．根据语境选出strike的词性和词义
(A)v.撞击 (B)v.打 (C)v.突然想到
(D)n.罢工
(E)v.打动
(F)v.(时钟)报时
The town hall clock struck midnight.
__F__
②The child ran into the road and was struck by a car.
__A__
③It struck me that he left the key on my table.
__C__
④She lost her temper and struck him in the face.
__B__
⑤Within half an hour, all the drivers were out on strike.
__D__
⑥Struck by the town's beauty, they decided to stay another two days.
__E__
1．die out完全消失，灭绝
[教材原句] The human race would soon die out if we could only see beauty within a set of limited criteria.
如果我们只能够用一套有限的标准来衡量美，人类不久将灭绝。
(1)die of/from 死于
die away
(声、光、风等)渐弱，逐渐消失
die down
(火、暴风雨、光)渐弱；(声音)
静下来
die off
(家族、种族等)相继死亡
(2)be dying to do sth.
极想做某事
be dying for sth.
渴望某事
①The noise of the car died_away in the distance.
汽车的声音消失在远方。
②When the applause had died_down,_she began her speech.
掌声平息后，她开始演讲。
③If the snowstorm does not blow over, the cattle will die_off.
如果暴风雪不停息，很多牲畜就要死掉了。
2．deal with处理，对付；涉及；论述；与……交易，跟……做生意
[高考佳句] At that time, I didn't know how to deal with many new things.(2017·湖北高考满分作文)
那个时候，我不知道如何处理很多新的东西。
[一词多义]
①Deal with a man as he deals with you.
对付
②In his early books, he dealt with the disease in detail.论述
③We like to deal with that company, for their products are of high quality.跟……做生意
④Don't worry about him. He knows how to deal with the problem.处理
[名师指津] do with 与deal with的意思相同，但用法不同。do with与what连用，而deal with与how连用。
⑤I don't know how they will deal with the account.
＝I don't know what they will do with the account.
我不知道他们将如何处理那个账户。
3．So_do_I ...
我也一样……
本句为倒装句，表示“某人/某物也一样”。
(1)“so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示上句的主语做了什么，下句中的主语也做了同样的事情，意为“……也是这样，也是如此”。so代替上文所讲的动作或状态，so后的动词类型和时态应和前一句中保持一致。
①If you go to the cinema tonight, so_will_I.
假如今晚你去看电影，我也去。
(2)上述这一句型的否定形式为“neither/nor＋系动词/情态动词/助动词＋主语”。表示主语与上文所述的人或物有相同的否定概念。
②I don't know where he has gone, nor_do_I_care_about.
我不知道他去哪里了，我也不关心。
(3)“It is/was the same with ...”或者“So it is /was with ...”表示比较复杂的情况也适合于另一个人或事，如既有肯定又有否定；既有系动词又有实义动词；现在和过去的时态同时存在等。
③—His uncle was a doctor but wasn't a teacher when he was young.
—So_it_was_with_his_aunt/It_was_the_same_with_his_aunt.
——他叔叔在年轻的时候是一名医生，而不是一名老师。
——他婶母也是。
4. Eyes_raised,_I see the moon so bright; Head_bent,_in homesickness I am drowned.
举头望明月，低头思故乡。
(1)Eyes raised与Head bent为两个独立主格结构作状语，名词与其后的动词之间为被动关系。
①The test finished (finish), we began our holiday.
考试结束了，我们开始放假。
(2)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子主语不同，独立存在；其在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件或伴随情况。具体构成为：
名词/代词＋
②If
weather permits, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
＝Weather permitting (permit), we are going to visit you tomorrow.
如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。
③Nobody to_come (come) tomorrow, we will have to put off the meeting till next week.
如果明天没有人来，我们将不得不把会议推迟到下周。
④The_meeting_over,_our headmaster soon left the meeting room.
散会了，我们的校长很快就离开了会议室。
Ⅰ.基础点全练
1. 单句语法填空
①As a teenager, I am dying for a visit to Disneyland.
②He could properly deal with all kinds of situations because he has rich experience.
③If you can hang on a second, I'll look for Bob and tell him you're on the phone for him.
④You'd better get a good night's sleep in preparation (prepare) for the trip.
⑤—Jack is very crazy about Chinese culture and folk music.
—So he is and so are you.
⑥Homework done (do), the boy went out to play with his little fellows.
⑦I don't believe he will succeed, will he?
2．运用所学短语完成片段
①Compared_to/with (与……相比) me, my friend Tom is ②in_charge_of (负责) a bigger company. He relies_on (依靠) his girlfriend very much when he is_trapped_in (困在) trouble. To_be_honest (说实话), Tom fell_in_love_with (爱上) her in_an_instant (马上) when they came across each other at a big meeting. They often deal/do_with (处理) problems together. To my joy, they are ⑨in_preparation_for (准备) their wedding at present.
Ⅱ.重难点多练
1．die相关短语全方位
(1) 介、副词填空
①In Africa, many people die of hunger every year.
②The sound of their laughter died away as they went further.
③The storm died down at last and all was quiet.
(2)根据汉语提示完成片段
Some fish ④die_off due to environmental pollution; some birds are in danger of ⑤dying_out on account of lack of habitat. I ⑥am_dying_to_be a volunteer to save these friends of ours.
由于环境污染，一些鱼类相继死去；由于缺乏栖息地，一些鸟类处在灭绝的危险中。我非常想做一名志愿者去拯救我们的这些朋友。
2. “so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”多角度
(1)完成句子
①If she goes there, so_shall_I (我也去)．
②He is a student and he studies hard, so_it_is_with_Mary/it_is_the_same_with_Mary (玛丽也一样)．
③The players were not satisfied with the result of the match, neither/nor_was_the_coach (教练也不满意)．
(2)句型转换
④I enjoy watching the film. My friend Tom enjoys watching it as well.
→I enjoy watching the film and so does my friend Tom.
⑤His parents were not satisfied with the result of the exam. The teacher was not satisfied either.
→His parents were not satisfied with the result of the exam, neither/nor was the teacher.
课时练(一) 一、单元考点落实练(练基础)(限时：40分钟)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The postman at last delivered (递送) the letter we had been waiting for.
2．We can't focus on our work because of the disturbing (使人烦恼的) noise.
3．It gave me a real thrill (兴奋) to see her again after so many years.
4．Her son has a wide range (变化范围) of scientific knowledge, which makes him famous in our school.
5．It was his friends that accompanied (陪伴) him to hospital when he felt sick.
6.For lack of knowledge, they have difficulty in conveying (表达) their feelings and thoughts.
7．It is required that I should make my speech accessible (容易理解的)．
8．The real dignity (尊严) of a man lies in what he is, not in what he has.
9．Not having a good command (掌握) of English can be a serious disadvantage to
your future career.
10．It is not wise of you to quarrel with your superior (上级)．
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The girl staring (stare) at him, he didn't know what to say.
2．It struck me that I had left my purse at home.
3．I have a tendency to_talk (talk) too much when I'm nervous.
4．If you buy our products in great quantity, we'll have them delivered (deliver) to your company directly.
5．Compared (compare) with before, his health is worse off.
6．Elephants would die out if men shoot as many as they wished.
7．The old man used to_go (go) to the park every day to feed the birds.
8．The town was all painted up in preparation for the event.
9．You may rely on it that we won't let you down.
10．Li Qing is keen on Chinese poems, so she signs up for a poetry club and learns to write poems.
11．The superstar showed up at the court, accompanied (accompany) by his manager.
12．In many people's opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant to_deal (deal) with.
13．The cost of renting a house in central Xi'an is higher than that in any other area of the city.
14．Police say they're treating it as a case of attempted murder.
15．His command is that everyone (should)_be (be) present at the meeting the day after tomorrow.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixing on the blackboard.fixing→fixed
2．She treated each of the children with an apple.with→to
3．As we know, many kinds of languages are in danger of dying away.away→out
4．Helen was chosen for the job because she was far superior than any other candidate.than→to
5．Last summer I took a course on what to deal with poisonous gases.what→how
6．He commanded that the soldiers started out right away.started→start
7．As I watched the children, an idea struck to me.去掉to或struck→occurred
8．He came late, but he was not punished. It was the same as me.as→with
9．We don't suppose he cares, doesn't he? doesn't→does
10．We cautiously began a conversation and spoke about wide range of things.wide前加a
Ⅳ.课文缩写语法填空
①As Margaret once said in the 19th century, there was no consistent view on beauty. Standards and ideas of beauty change across time.
Nowadays, some costumes and actions once ②regarded (regard) as beauty in 19thcentury Europe are not considered healthy or attractive, ③while something now regarded as fashion had different functions in the past.
④In contemporary society, culture still determines our ideas of beauty. In some countries, people like being thinner, while in other cultures, people like ⑤being (be) a little overweight.
There are not precise criteria to judge ⑥what is beauty. If beauty ⑦was_limited (limit) by some criteria, the human race would soon die out.
There is physical beauty as ⑧well as inner beauty. The latter is found in ⑨a wide range of personal qualities. ⑩It is inner beauty that requires us to truly see. Beauty is certainly in the eye of the beholder.
Ⅴ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练
(一)依据提示补全短文
At last night's concert, his wonderful performances struck_all_the_audience (打动了所有观众). As we all know, a good symphony is like a beautiful landscape. Its beautiful tunes can excite people and refresh_ourselves (使我们振作精神). ①But now people seem to be less interested in music education. ②It is an increasing tendency. For lack of knowledge, some students have difficulty in conveying_their_feelings_and_thoughts (表达他们的思想和感情)．
To solve this problem, the Minister of Education delivered_a_speech (发表了一次讲话) to call on the whole society to strengthen students' artistic quality education and try to make every student have_a_good_command_of (掌握) at least one kind of instrument. ③And he also recommended many excellent textbooks for students to read. ④I don't think that despising (不重视) music phenomenon in class will last long.
(二)按要求将词汇句式升级
1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词
(1)excite→thrill
(2)solve→deal_with
2．按要求进行句式改写
(1)用同位语从句合并句①和句②
But_now_it_is_an_increasing_tendency_that_people_seem_to_be_less_interested_in_music_education.
(2)用独立主格结构作状语合并句③和句④
He_also_recommending_many_excellent_textbooks_for_students_to_read,_I don't think that despising music phenomenon in class will last long.
二、完形填空提能练(练专项)(限时：20分钟)
(2016·太原市第二学段阶段测评)Landmark College recently put in an additional five speed bumps (减速带), now bringing the number of speed bumps to ten on campus (校园). My guess for __1__ they added more speed bumps is either the administration felt that the students were __2__ too fast, or maybe they just wanted to give us a bumpy ride to annoy us.
One may __3__ that the speed bumps they __4__ will just improve safety and decrease __5__， and it does keep cars at a slow speed and gives pedestrians the __6__ they need for __7__ the road to get to class. __8__， adding too many speed bumps could turn a safety precaution to a danger. The speed bumps down the hill are becoming a __9__. For example, driving over the speed bumps __10__ causing wear and tear on a car. I foresee a future problem happening when it starts to __11__. With snow and ice on the ground, some cars may have difficulty __12__ for these speed bumps on the hill. If ice was on the ground, it is very likely that a driver may lose control and __13__ the bumpy hill.
The administrators who ordered the speed bumps should reach out and talk it out with the students who have to __14__ the speed bumps every day, and ask __15__ any damage or problems have occurred already.
Lately, students have been __16__ anything in their power to avoid as many speed bumps as possible. Some students have even damaged a speed bump or two, but it would be __17__ hours later.
It's no surprise that students at Landmark College are __18__ with the new addition, and with so many students getting angry with the __19__， we could finally get the word out and get the administration to make a __20__.
1．A.whyB．how
C．when
D．where
解析：选A 根据该空后的解释可知，此处指原因，填why。
2．A.running
B．speaking
C．driving
D．walking
解析：选C 联系语境可知，安装减速带可能是因为学生“开车(driving)”太快。
3．A.agree
B．decide
C．imagine
D．ignore
解析：选A 根据该句中的“will just improve safety”可知，此处指有人可能“同意(agree)”安装减速带会提高道路安全。
4．A.destroyed
B．added
C．recommended
D．needed
解析：选B 联系第一段中的“they added more speed bumps”可知，此处填added。
5．A.weight
B．speeding
C．spending
D．crime
解析：选B 根据该空后的“keep cars at a slow speed”可知，此处填speeding。
6．A.quality
B．efficiency
C．performance
D．safety
解析：选D 参见下题解析。
7．A.designing
B．building
C．crossing
D．watching
解析：选C 根据上文中的“improve safety”可知，可以让行人“安全(safety)”“通过(crossing)”马路去上课。
8．A.Therefore
B．Otherwise
C．However
D．Besides
解析：选C 该空后提到安装过多减速带的问题与该空前提到的好处形成对比，故用However。
9．A.problem
B．form
C．tool
D．rule
解析：选A 根据该空前的“a danger”可知，此处填problem符合语境。
10．A.keeps off
B．stands for
C．results from
D．ends up
解析：选D 车轮磨损是开车越过减速带的结果，故填ends up。
11．A.rain
B．clear
C．snow
D．cool
解析：选C 根据该空后的“With snow and ice”提示可知此处填snow。
12．A.coming down
B．slowing down
C．settling down
D．calming down
解析：选B 联系语境，路面有冰雪，斜坡上的一些车辆很难为了减速带而“减速(slowing down)”。
13．A.wait for
B．stare at
C．care about
D．slide down
解析：选D 根据该空前的“lose control”可知，该空填slide down符合语境。
14．A.use
B．repair
C．check
D．remember
解析：选A 联系上文可知，此处指学生每天需要“使用(use)”这些减速带。
15．A.until
B．unless
C．if
D．since
解析：选C 学校的管理者应该问问学生“是否(if)”已经出现了任何损坏或问题。
16．A.refusing
B．doing
C．hugging
D．keeping
解析：选B 根据该空后的“damaged a speed bump or two”可知，学生最近为了尽量避免减速带正在“做(doing)”一些事。
17．A.painted
B．replaced
C．covered
D．studied
解析：选B 由该空前的“damaged”可知，填replaced符合语境。
18．A.busy
B．friendly
C．careful
D．displeased
解析：选D 参见下题解析。
19．A.goal
B．standard
C．situation
D．comment
解析：选C 倒数第二段中学生对减速带进行破坏的行为说明，学生对增加减速带“不满意(displeased)”，对这一“状况(situation)”很愤怒。
20．A.change
B．plan
C．promise
D．wish
解析：选A 根据该空前学生的愤怒表现可知，此处指要求管理部门作出“改变(change)”。
课时练(二) 阅读理解提速练(练速度)
(限时：35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2016·长春市第十一中学高三期中考试)“Inner beauty is the real beauty”， you might have heard this phrase a thousand times. However, do you know the real reason behind the phrase? Inner beauty is truly the real beauty, because external beauty fades with time. You might praise someone on how good he/she looks. But, what if that person turns out to be arrogant. What is the purpose of beauty then? Well to throw light upon the phrase, we have listed some reasons why inner beauty is the real beauty.
1．Characteristics are important
Sure, the look of a person is important but characteristics are equally important. It is not necessary that a goodlooking person would turn out to be an honest one. Looks are always deceptive. So, judge a person by his/her traits, which is the real test of inner beauty.
2．Inner beauty is always admired
When anyone talks to you, he/she would notice the manner in which you speak. If you speak softly, then the person would remember you as a beautiful person.
Nobody will remember what you wore, or how you looked. So, inner beauty is the first test of true beauty.
3．Inner beauty is valuable
A person can be beautiful with his or her actions and thoughts. If your thoughts are positive, it can be a motivating factor for others. It is your ideas that make you beautiful. Many women have complex related to looks but with good actions, you do not have to feel inferior.
4．Inner beauty is kindness
Outer beauty will fade away, but inner beauty shall remain through your deeds. Kindness, love, empathy, and generosity are all traits of inner beauty. If you have these traits, then you are the most beautiful person on earth. A kind and warm person is always remembered from the bottom of the heart.
1．Which diagram shows the structure of the passage?
解析：选D 文章结构题。本文首先提出了“内在美是真正的美”，然后从四个方面进行了阐述，是“总→分”的模式，故选D。
2．What will be discussed in the following passage?
A．Compare outer beauty with inner beauty.
B．Emphasize the importance of inner beauty.
C．What should you do in later life?
D．Inner beauty is the real beauty and shall remain.
解析：选C 推理判断题。本文首先提出主题，然后分四个方面阐释。接下去要讨论的应是如何做才能体现内在美，故选C。
3．The author quoted the sentence “Inner beauty is the real beauty” to ________.
A．show respect for the writer of the phrase
B．improve his passage
C．strengthen the confidence of his opinion
D．make some comments about inner beauty
解析：选C 推理判断题。作者引用“内在美是真正的美”这句话，目的是为自己的观点寻找更有力的论据，故选C。
B
(2016·洛阳高三二模)“BANG！”the door caused a reverberation (回声). It was just standing there, with father standing on one side, and me on the other side.
We were both in great anger.“Never set foot in this house again！” stormed father. With tears welling up in my eyes, I rushed out of the flat and ran along the street.
The street lights were shining, causing rather sad feelings. I wandered aimlessly.
A young father who held a child in his arms walked past me. I felt as if I saw my childhood from another space: happy and carefree.
But now ... I don't know whether it is because I have grown up or because Dad is getting old. We differ in our ways of thinking. We are just like two people coming from two different worlds. It feels like there is an iron door between us that can never be opened.
I wandered the streets, without a destination in mind. My_heart_was_frozen_o n_ this_hot_summer_night. As I walked on, there were fewer and fewer people on the streets, until I had only the street lights to keep me company. When I finally reached the highrise apartment block in which I lived, I saw that the light was still on.
I thought to myself, “Is father waiting for me, or is he still angry with me？”
In fact, it was nothing. Perhaps, Dad was throwing away some of his old stamps. Perhaps he thought they were useless. I never had the courage to tell him that I liked collecting stamps.
All the lights were off except father's.
Dad was always like this. Maybe he didn't know how to express himself. After shouting at me, he never showed any mercy or any moments of regret.
This was how he always was. He has been a leader for so long that telling everyone else what to do has become his second nature.
The light was still on. “Am I wrong？” I whispered, maybe ... With the key in my hand, I was as nervous as I had ever been. At last, I decided to open the door. As soon as I opened the door, tears ran down my cheeks. I suddenly realized that the iron door that I had imagined between us did not exist at all. Love — it's second to none.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者与父亲吵架后负气出走，在街上游荡了一会儿后才回家。当他打开门时，却被父亲浓浓的爱意感动得热泪盈眶，此时横在父子之间的那道铁门也消融了。
4．Which is the correct order of the following events according to the passage?
a．I opened the door and entered the house.
b．I ran out into the street angrily.
c．I reached the place where I lived and saw my house still brightly lit.
d．I recalled my happy childhood.
e．I began to walk about in the street without any aim.
A．e，b，d，c，aB．b，e，d，c，a
C．b，e，c，d，a
D．e，b，c，a，d
解析：选B 事件排序题。通读全文可知，作者与父亲吵架后负气出走，在街上游荡了一段时间后想起了自己的童年，最后回到了自己住的地方，推开房门进了屋。故选B。
5．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The author fully understood why he and his father had different thinking.
B．The author's father didn't approve of his stamp collecting.
C．The author and his father lacked communication.
D．The author's father opened the door for him when he came back.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第五段后三句可知，作者和父亲的思维方式不同，两个人好像是来自不同的世界，作者感觉自己和父亲之间有一道铁门。由此可推知，作者和父亲之间缺乏沟通。故选C。
6．According to the author, why did his father often shout at him?
A．Perhaps the father was getting older and older.
B．Perhaps the son had already grown up.
C．Perhaps they never agreed with each other.
D．Perhaps the father had been used to doing that.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Dad was always like this.”以及倒数第二段中的“telling everyone else what to do has become his second nature”可知，父亲经常对儿子大喊大叫且已习以为常了。故选D。
7．What did the author mean by the underlined sentence “My heart was frozen on this hot summer night.”？
A．He felt lonely because there were so few people on the street.
B．He felt uncomfortable because it was a very hot night.
C．He was completely disappointed with his father.
D．He was at a loss because he had nowhere to go.
解析：选C 句意理解题。通读全文可知，作者是在和父亲吵架生气后才在街上闲逛的。画线句子描述的是作者在街上闲逛时的心情。由“My heart was frozen”可知，父亲的行为让作者很伤心。故选C。
C
(2016·陕西省质量检测二)Whether it is elementary school, middle school, or high school in the United States, there will always be an awards ceremony at the end of the year. Though it varies from school to school, there are a few that are given by most schools across the nation.
The first one is given from grades 3 to 8 and it is the Honor Roll Award. In elementary and middle school, this award is used to recognize academic excellence. This award is also separated into two groups: A Honor Roll and A/B Honor Roll. It is given out at the end of a school year and students who receive all averages of a 93 or above (90 in some states)
on a final report card receive an A Honor Roll, and students with grades above 85 (80 in some states) would receive an A/B Honor Roll. It is to reward students who have worked hard and received all A's or A's and B's.
In high school, this is changed a bit, but still can be classified as the same type of award. The difference is that instead of using the scale (等级) of 100, they use a grade point average (GPA) based on a 4 point scale. They recognize students with a high GPA as “Honor Students”. If the student keeps it up for all four years of high school, then they graduate with honors.
Another notable award is the President's Award for Educational Excellence. This is given by the President's Education Awards Program each year to students all over the United States. This award is offered to elementary school, middle school and high school students. To be eligible (有资格的) for this award, middle school and elementary school students must earn an average grade of 90 or above on a 109 point scale. High school students must have a GPA of at least 3.5. Students must also have a high score on a statewide or national standardized test or have a recommendation from a teacher. Usually this award is given at the end of the year. It is a certificate with a signature from the president along with a letter of recognition.
However, many people confuse the President's Award for Educational Excellence with another award, the US Presidential Scholars Program. Even though both have the word “President” in the title, they are completely different awards. Where the President's Award for Educational Excellence is relatively easy to achieve, the award from the Presidential Scholars Program is not. To earn the honor of being a Presidential Scholar, a student must be a high school senior last year of high school with outstanding standardized test scores.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国学校设置的一些奖项以及获得这些奖项需要满足的条件。
8．If, in most of the schools in the US, a student in Grade 5 wants to get A Honor Roll, he/she must get at least all averages of a ________.
A．93
B．85
C．90
D．80
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段第四句中的“and students who receive all averages of a 93 or above (90 in some states) ... receive an A Honor Roll”可知，在美国大多数学校，想要获得A Honor Roll，平均分必须在93分或以上。故答案选A。
9．From the passage we know that the students who ________ can graduate with honors.
A．keep up the grades of 100 in high school for more than one year
B．get averages of 100 in high school for all four years of high school
C．get a high GPA in high school for more than one year
D．are recognized as “Honor Students” for all four years of high school
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，如果学生能连续四年获得“优秀学生”的称号，就能带着荣誉毕业。故选D。
10．If high school students are to win the President's Award for Educational Excellence, which of the following statements should be included?
A．An average grade of 90 or above on a 100 point scale.
B．A recommendation from a teacher.
C．A GPA of at least 3.5 in a national standardized test.
D．A high school senior with outstanding standardized test scores.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第四段第五、六句“High school students must have a GPA of at least 3.5. Students must ... have a recommendation from a teacher.”可知，B项为条件之一。
11．The best title for this passage may be “________”．
A．Awards in elementary and middle schools
B．Awards in schools of the United States
C．How high schools reward their students
D．It's easy to win awards in schools
解析：选B 标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，本文讲述的是美国学校设置的一些奖项以及获得这些奖项需要满足的条件。B项能概括文章内容，适合做标题。故选B。
D
(2016·山东省实验中学一模)Around the world, girls do better than boys at school. These are the findings of a recent study that looked at the test results of 1.5 million 15yearolds in 74 regions across the globe. The level of gender equality in those regions made no difference to the results. Other factors, such as the income level of the region also had little impact on the findings. In only three regions — Colombia, Costa Rica and the Indian state Himachal Pradesh — was the trend reversed with boys doing better.
So what are the causes of girls' stronger performance? In the UK, girls outperform boys in exams that are taken at the age of 15 or 16, called GCSEs. According to education expert Ian Toone, this is down to the way girls and boys are brought up.“Boys are encouraged to be more active from an early age, while the restless movements of baby girls are pacified ... Therefore, girls develop the skill of sitting still for longer periods of time, which is useful for academic pursuits like studying for GCSEs.”
He goes on to say that boys often cluster together in larger groups than girls. Because of this they are more likely to be influenced by peer pressure and develop a gang mentality. He says that GCSEs require a lot of solo work and are not viewed as “cool” in a laddish culture.
This is backed up by research in the UK that says girls are outperforming boys at the age of five. So what is the answer? Should girls and boys be educated separately? Or do exams and school curricula need to be changed to better reflect boys' skills? These are the questions facing educators in many countries.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。研究表明，在学校里，女孩的考试成绩要比男孩好，本文针对这个现象进行了分析。
12．What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A．Girls outperform boys in exams in most cases.
B．Boys do better in school in poorer areas.
C．Girls do better if they are socially equal to boys.
D．Boys are not working hard enough in exams.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“Around the world ... across the globe.”可知，在大多数情况下，在学校里女孩的考试成绩比男孩好。故选A。
13．According to Ian Toone, what might account for the phenomenon?
A．Different characters and personalities.
B．Different attitudes to learning.
C．Different ways of raising children.
D．Different methods in exams.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“According to ... are brought up.”可知，Ian Toone认为女孩考试成绩比男孩好是因为男孩和女孩被培养的方式不同。故选C。
14．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A．To provide answer to a difficult question.
B．To raise awareness in gender differences.
C．To advocate separating boys and girls.
D．To change school curricula to benefit boys.
解析：选B 写作意图题。通读文章可知，由于性别不同，男孩和女孩被培养的方式不同，所受环境的影响也不同，所以女孩的考试成绩要比男孩好。作者在最后一段提出问题——是否应该将男孩和女孩分开来教育或者改革现在的考试及课程以便全面地提高教育质量。由此可知，作者写这篇文章是为了让人们提高对性别差异的认识。故选B。
15．What might the author discuss in the following paragraphs?
A．Education reforms in some countries.
B．Examples of boys' achievement.
C．New systems of examinations.
D．Advertisement of some schools.
解析：选A 预测推断题。根据文章最后一句“These are the questions facing educators in many countries.”可以推出，接下来作者应谈到为了解决这些教育问题，一些国家所进行的教育改革。故选A。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2016·山东省日照市校际联合检测)Everyone can benefit a lot from reading books. The following is about the various benefits of reading books.
__1__ Whenever you read something, you learn information that you otherwise wouldn't have known. It can be a fact about history or a theory you didn't know existed. If you want to learn new words, reading books is a great way to enlarge your vocabulary.
__2__ Similar to solving puzzles, reading books allows your mind to practice its processing skills. Going without books for too long will turn your mind into a whirl (混乱)．
One of the primary benefits of reading books is its ability to develop your critical thinking skills. __3__ Wherever you are faced with a similar problem in real life, your mind is able to put its mysterysolving skills to a test.
One of the great benefits of reading books is that the information in it can be accessed over and over again. For example, reading a cookbook allows you the luxury of reviewing the procedures whenever you need to. __4__ Don't even think about writing the information down because you may lose the paper you wrote down on sooner or later.
These are just some of the wonderful benefits of reading books. __5__ If you can't even go outside, you can download free ebooks online and read them on your computer. That way, you can see how advantageous reading can be for yourself.
A．Reading books can put you in a confident mood.
B．You can improve your memory by reading.
C．Reading books provides you with new knowledge.
D．Following a recipe from a cooking show will be difficult.
E．Reading mystery novels, for example, sharpens your mind.
F．Reading keeps your mind in good condition.
G．Why don't you drop into the bookstore or library and pick a book up?
答案：1～5 CFEDG
课时练(三) 第Ⅱ卷强化增分练(练规范)
(限时：45分钟)
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2016·太原市高三第二学段测评)Beauty is usually seen as a blessing. But for some people, it seems that it can be __1__ curse. Laura Femee says her good look is so __2__ (power) that it is ruining her life. She was even forced to quit her job.
The 33yearold graduate said that her slim figure and pretty face __3__ (attract) unwanted attention from her male colleagues. Male colleagues were interested in her only for how she looked. She wanted them to recognize her achievements and professionalism, but __4__ they saw were her face and body. Men left romantic gifts on her desk. Besides, __5__ often asked her out, which she found crazy. She also claimed that she was hated by other women in the workplace __6__ were jealous of her beauty.
Miss Femee now lives off her wealthy parents after __7__ (quit) her job in scientific research two years ago. Yesterday, she said, “I'm neither lazy __8__ stupid. The truth is that my good look has caused me many problems when it comes to employment.” She also added her appearance meant she was teased and bullied __9__ (constant), so she thought that work was not appropriate __10__ her.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。英国女子称因太漂亮而被迫辞职，美貌看来也会给人带来烦恼。
1．a curse 是可数名词，与上文中的 “a blessing”相对应，应填不定冠词，又因 curse 的发音是以辅音音素开头的，应填 a。
2．powerful so 是副词，一般修饰形容词或副词，又由前面的“is”可知，此处是作表语，所以应填 power 的形容词形式。
3．attracted 根据上文的“said”以及本段的时态可知应使用一般过去时。
4．what what 引导主语从句，在从句中作 saw 的宾语。
5．they 根据上文可知，此处 they 指代前一句中的“Men”。
6．who/that 关系代词 who/that 指代 other women，在定语从句中充当主语。
7．quitting after 在此处用作介词，其后应使用动名词形式作宾语。
8．nor neither ... nor ...意为“既不……也不……”，是固定用法。
9．constantly 此处用副词 constantly 修饰前面的谓语动词was teased and bullied。
10．for be appropriate for “适合于”， for 意为“对……来说”。
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2016·济南市高三调研)
Dear Mandy，
I'm not doing well in my lessons at school, especial in maths. My dad says I must try hard because he wants me go to university. He thinks I'm lazy, but it's not true. I work really hard, often study late into the night! I've tried to talk to my mother, but she always said I have to work as hard like my brother does. My brother doesn't study very hard, and he always gets excellent grades. It's not fair!
The only thing I like it is art. My teacher says I'm the best student she's had for year. When I told my dad, all he said was, “You mustn't waste your time in art. You must focus your mind on your lessons！” I'm feeling quite puzzling about what to do now. Would you please help me out?
Thanks a lot!
Yours sincerely，
Lisa
答案：第一句：especial→especially
第二句：me后加to
第四句：study→studying
第五句：said→says; like→as
第六句：and→but
第八句：去掉it
第九句：year→years
第十句：in→on
第十二句：puzzling→puzzled
Ⅲ.书面表达
(2016·甘肃省高三第一次诊断)假如你是李华，你国外的好友 Alice 给你发了封
email，说她将在校联谊会上作为学生代表发言，她对公开发言感到很紧张，想请你给她提供一些克服怯场的方法。请根据下面的要点，给 Alice 回一封电子邮件。内容包括：
1．你对怯场的认识；
2．应对怯场的办法。
注意：1.词数100左右，开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2．参考词汇怯场 stage fright。
Dear Alice，
I'm glad to receive your email and thank you for your trusting me.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Alice，
I'm glad to receive your email and thank you for your trusting me.
As we know, stage fright is a common phenomenon. Many people, even the most confident performers can suffer from stage fright. So don't worry — you can overcome it by relaxing your body and mind. Here I give you a few tips.
Firstly, arrive early. Showing up early can calm yourself down and make you feel more at ease. Secondly, talk to members of the audience. It will make you see that the audience are ordinary and friendly people and you'll get more comfortable. Last but not least, slow down. Most public speakers may be speaking fast because they're nervous and want to finish the speech or presentation sooner, but this will actually make it harder.
I hope my suggestions will be of some help to you. I believe you can make it.
Yours，
Li Hua