Unit 14 Careers
需写准记牢的单词——记其形、明其1．income n． 收入奖赏收费要价负责指导段落援助帮助题目话题quarrel vi.
争吵吵架童年儿童时代习语成语低级的战胜克服理解领会；抓牢抓紧弯腰倾身stage n.
舞台；阶段时期需举一反三的单词——知其性、通其变摘要总结→summarize vt.总结概括约见约会→appoint_任命委任；约定指定→appointed_ 约定好了的3．basis n．基础根据→base_ ．基础根据地 以……为基础→basic_ 基本的基础的附近的周围的→surround_ 包围环绕智慧→wise_ 聪明的智慧的审查→inspection_ ．检查视察→inspector_．检查员视察者投入做(错事)；犯(罪)；承诺→commitment_ ．承诺保证荣耀的事值得骄傲的事→glorious_ 光荣的不断地→constant 不断的连续的犹豫踌躇→hesitation__ ．犹豫运转运作操作→operation_ ．手术；启动操作→operator_ ．操作者接线员(电话)反应；回复回答→response_ ．回复回答舒适安逸→comfortable_ 舒适的需会读明义的单词——识其形、知其义 木匠化学家接待员打字员保险额外津贴奖金薪金工资机构；学院资料数据收据收条理解请教查阅随意的非正式的托儿所保育室打字机片刻瞬息战斗战役民间的；国民的；国内的品德；品行陡峭的险峻的_
21．universe n.
宇宙人类不合法的违法的尽责的生活；存在判断判断力减少降低大量增加；乘部门；分割分支部门精力充沛的灵活的柔韧的羡慕妒忌烦扰；打扰大陆洲奴隶激增猛涨恐慌惊惶随信附上资格资历
1．take_charge_of接2．make_up
编造假称；听出；看出(s)
讨论细谈大声地说自由而大胆地说出坐直(使)坐起；不睡熬夜信仰信任反转；移交取得成功；取得好结果跟上赶上以防万一；万一由于
1．[教材原句]The_instant she stopped asking questions, I got up and went out of the room.她一停止问问题我就站起来走出了房间。[句式解读]the instant引导时间状语从句意为“一……就……相当于as soon as。[教材原句]It_was_ my mother who_taught_me
to be curious. 是母亲教我对事物充满好奇心的。[句式解读]强调句的结构：It is/was ＋被强调部分＋that (强调人时可用who)＋其他成分。[教材原句]I discovered then that as_long_as I am committed and never give up I will be able to produce high quality reports.那时我发现只要我忠于事实并且坚持不懈我就能写出高质量的报道来。[句式解读]so long as ＝ as long as “只要”引导条件状语从句。[教材原句]It's
not about making
men more like women,
but helping
men to communicate as well.其目的不是使男性更像女性而是帮助他们形成和女性一样良好的沟通技巧。[句式解读]not ...but ...意为“不是……而是……”。[教材原句]Our reporter interviews some of our classmates and asks about the jobs they_would_like_to_do.我们的记者采访了一些同学问他们想做什么工作。[句式解读]省略引导词that的定语从句。
[重难·抢分型词汇——合作学会]
1reward ．酬谢；奖赏；赏金 ．奖赏；给以报酬[高考佳句](2015·四川高考写作)In your post, reward.
在你的帖子中你说你可以教英语作为回报。(1)as a reward for ...作为对……的回报为了酬谢或报答……
为某事而给某人报(2)reward sb. for (doing) sth.
为某事报答/奖赏某人用……报答/回报某人(3)rewarding adj.
值得做的；有益的(2016·福建省四地六校联考)Little John hardly got anything in reward for his kind act, im unhappy.
小约翰几乎不得到任何东西回报他的善行这让他很不高兴。Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was rewarded with a magnificent view.
任何一个登上泰山之巅的人都会欣赏到美丽的风景。It is a very rewarding exercise to work this out by oneself.
独自解决这个问题是一次受益匪浅的锻炼。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空t very interesting and rewarding (reward).
②It is reported that there is a $1，000 reward for any information that helps police find the lost relic.
③The club's directors rewarded him with a free season ticket.
Ⅱ.一句多译我送给他一本书来答谢他的帮助。－1 I gave him a book in_reward_for_his_help. (reward ．)－2 As_a_reward_for_his_help,_(reward n．)－3 I rewarded_him_with_a_book
for his help. (reward ．)－4 I gave him a book in_return_for_his_help. (return)2．charge 收费；指控；赋予……职责；充电；使充满(……情绪)费用；主管[高考佳句](2015·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book.入场是正常收费你不需要订票。(1)charge sb. for sth. charge sb. with (doing) sth.
＝accuse sb. of (doing) sth.
控告某人(做)某事(2)take charge of
掌管/负责……控制/管理……受……的管理免费As long as you've paid in advance, we won't charge you for delivery.
只要你预先付款我们就不收你送货费。The man who had taken charge of the company was charged with taking drugs.
曾经掌管这家公司的那个人被指控吸毒。The company is in the charge of Tom while the boss is away.
＝Tom is in charge of the company while the boss is away.＝Tom takes charge of the company while the boss is away.汤姆在老板不在时负责这家公司。[名师指津] in charge of往往以人作主语指“某人负责(主管)某事”； in the charge of往往以物作主语指“某物由某人主管”。类似的还有：in control of“控制”由……控制”；in possession of“拥有”被……拥有”。[形象识记]
Ⅰ.单句改错 去掉the一句多译他不能掌管那家电脑公司因为这超出了他的能力。－1 The computer company can't be in_his_charge/in_the_charge_of_him because it is beyond his ability.－2 He can't take_charge_of/be_in_charge_of
the computer company because it is beyond his ability. 3．consult 请教；查阅 .商量；协商[高考佳句](2015·天津高考单选)If you have any doubts about your health, consult your doctor at once.
如果你对你的健康有任何疑问最好立刻向你的医生咨询。 向某人请教/咨询某事h sb. about sth.
与某人商量某事与某人磋商某事查阅字典/查看地图He often goes to my office to consult me about the method of learning English.
他经常去我的办公室向我咨询关于学习英语的方法。She consulted with some famous directors about the Spring Festival Gala of 2016.
她与一些知名导演就2016年春晚进行了磋商。He paused to consult the map, and then went on walking.
他停下来查看了一下地图然后继续走。[联想发散] 我们学过的关于“查字典”的表达法有哪些？等。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空①He consulted with his business partner about the matter.
②Kevin consulted his teacher about whether he should study abroad after graduation.
③Having_consulted (consult) her doctor, she knows how much exercise she should take every day.
④Consulted (consult) by many parents, the headmaster almost had no time to have dinner.
Ⅱ.一句多译当遇到生词我们应该查词典。－1 When meeting with new words, －2 When meeting with new words, －3 When meeting with new words, 4．commit 投入；使承担义务；承诺；做(不好的事情)；犯罪[经典例句]The study aims to find out what makes people commit crimes.研究旨在找出人们犯罪的原因。(1)commit sb. to (doing) sth.使某人承诺(做)某事(doing) sth.
答应(做)某事调拨拨出……供某人使用自杀/犯罪/谋杀(2)commitment n.
[C][U]承诺；保证[C]承担义务t
作出承诺(3)committed adj.
忠诚的尽职的The contract commits him to playing for the team for the next three years.
合约规定以后三年他要为该队效力。Giving up my job to go back to full－time education was a big commitment,
but now I know it was the best decision I ever made. 放弃我的工作并重新接受全日制教育是一个重大的决定但现在我知道这是我做过的最好的决定。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(reduce) taxes.
②We made a commitment (commit) to keep working together.
Ⅱ.用commit的相关短语填空nt
(作出承诺)
to us that he would never commit_a_crime_(犯罪)．句式升级(用现在分词短语作原因状语)5．hesitate 犹豫；踌躇[经典例句]Paul started to speak but hesitated, 保罗开口要说话但又在犹豫想找出最好的措词。(1)hesitate to do sth. 迟疑做某事；不愿做某事(doing) sth.
(做)某事犹豫不决(2)without hesitation
毫不犹豫地毫不犹豫地做某事In case you need something, please
don't hesitate to tell me.
如果你需要什么东西请毫不犹豫地告诉我。I hesitated about taking his side until I knew the whole story.
我在完全了解事实真相后才打消顾虑支持他的立场。I accepted the job without hesitation.
＝I had no hesitation in accepting the job.我毫不犹豫地接受了这份工作。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空They didn't hesitate to_give (give) their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime.
②Seeing the girl struggling in the lake, he threw himself in the icy water without hesitation (hesitate), and saved her from drowning.
Ⅱ.单句写作(2015·浙江高考写作)我毫不犹豫地决定跟随他们那天我们玩得很高兴。6．bother 打扰 操心烦扰；令人烦恼的事或人[高考佳句](2015·四川高考完形)So long as she had a slice to eat, bothered the one on her head.
只要有一片吃着她(土拨鼠)就不理会自己头上的那一片。(1)bother sb. with/about sth. 为某事打扰或麻烦某人为某事烦恼特意做某事使某人苦恼的是(2)put sb.to any bother
给某人添乱没有必要吧；何苦那么麻烦In this kind of high－pressure situation, bother their assistants with frequent meetings.
在这种高压情况下很多领导人频繁开会从而让员工感到厌烦。You don't bother to get dinner for me today. I'll eat out.
今天不要麻烦为我预备饭了我要在外边吃。It bothers me to think of her alone in that big house.
想到她孤零零地待在那所大房子里我便坐立不安。[名师指津] bother作“麻烦”“困难”讲时是不可数名词；作“令人烦恼的事物”“讨厌的人”讲时是可数名词。He is really a bother, for he is always putting others to bother.
他确实是个极为讨厌的人总是给别人添堵。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(bother) me most is that he seems to show no interest in his work.
②Does it bother you that the man is always asking to borrow money from you?
③You needn't bother with/about coming up. I'll look after him.
Ⅱ.一句多译一直没有对他讲真话这让我很苦恼。－1 It_bothers_me_not_to have told him the truth.－2 It_bothers_me_that I haven't told him the truth.－3 Not having told him the truth puts_me_to_bother．7．existence ．存在；生活[经典例句]Do you believe in the existence of ghosts？Perhaps they only
exist in
some people's imagination.你相信鬼魂的存在吗？或许他们只存在于一些人的想象里。(1)in existence 存在产生；成立；开始存在(2)exist in
存在于……之中靠……为生某地有……；存在……(3)existing adj.
现存的；现行的No one knows when such a custom first came into existence.
没有人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始有的。There exists a good way to solve the existing problem at present.
目前有一个解决现存问题的好办法。[名师指津] exist是不及物动词没有被动语态也不用于进行时态。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空－talented person is a crisis that threatens the industry's continued existence (exist)．单句写作(2017·北京高考写作)在我们学校自行车的存放是一个长久以来就存在的问题。8．turn over 翻身翻转；移交交付[经典例句] The local police turned him over to the FBI.当地警方把他移交给了联邦调查局。 出现到达；开大音量打开；突然攻击某人关掉(煤气、水、电、收音机、电视机等)turn out
证明是结果是关小；拒绝翻到；求助于原路返回往回走转过脸不面对或不再看；拒绝帮助拒绝某人进入某处(at) doing sth./to do sth.
依/轮流做某事依次；反过来依次We wanted to get home before dark but it didn't turn out as planned.
我们原计划天黑之前到家但结果却不像计划的那样。The stadium jammed and they had to turn away hundreds of disappointed fans.
体育场里观众爆满他们不得不将几百名失望的球迷拒之门外。
Ⅰ.介、副词填空ing to.
③The car was turned over and the driver got seriously injured.
④We invited her to dinner, but she didn't turn up at all.
⑤She turned away in horror at the sight of so much blood.
⑥Last month the company turned down the suggestion of shorter hours.
Ⅱ.一句多译他们轮流开车。－1 They_took_turns_to_drive/at_driving_the_car.－2 They_drove_the_car_by_turns. 9．pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清[高考佳句](2015·浙江高考完形)They have loans, (抵押贷款) to pay off, 他们有借款、账单、抵押贷款支付要为退休生活存钱。 付某物的钱；为某事物付出代价因某事物给某人报酬偿还(欠款)；报复；回报Loss of health is too high a price to pay for success.
为That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.
能够回报人们给我的帮助让我感到很开心。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空￡10 and I'll pay you back on Friday?octor and paid for his medicine, too.
③The athlete's years of hard training paid off when she finally won the Olympic
gold medal.
Ⅱ.单句写作我们的决心和耐心取得了突破性的结果——在考试中我们得了满分(full marks)。atience_paid_off_with_a_breakthrough_—_we_got_full_marks_in_the_exam.
10．in case 万一；以防；以免；如果假使[高考佳句](2015·福建高考单选)It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.迈克尔通知我们他的延误以防我们担心他真是考虑周全。 假使……在……情况下无论如何不；决不(位于句首用倒装)(that) ...
万一……；以防……无论如何；总之如果这样/那样的话这是常有的事In case of emergency, break the glass and press the button.
万一有紧急情况击碎玻璃并按下按钮。In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat.
假如这样的话你必须在船外扬半帆。As is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
就像其他小孩子一样医生来的时候Amy好多了。[名师指津] (1)in case后的从句中可用虚拟语气“(should＋) do”也可不用虚拟语气。(2)case作先行词若定语从句中不缺少主要成分则用where引导定语从句。[联想发散] 表示“决不”且放在句首时句子要用部分倒装的短语还有：by_no_means,_等。
Ⅰ.用case的相关短语填空(2016·龙岩市二模)As_is_often_the_case in nature, ey can only survive in cool places.
②In_no_case should you use the company's telephone for personal affairs.
③You just have to answer some simple questions about the whole system, which you need to know in_any_case．(2016·苏州调研)Recently the Ministry of Environmental Protection issued a circular saying that China may adopt flexible working hours and stop school classes in_case_of the highest air pollution warnings.句型转换national team.
→He may win the competition, in which case he is likely to get into the national team.
11．make up 编造虚构；组成形成；调停和解；化妆打扮；补偿弥补[高考佳句](2017·辽宁高考阅读C)Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantage of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Western philosophy.一些社会科学家建议西方人应当利用古代中国人的智慧来弥补西方哲学的不足。
弥补补偿理解弄懂；假装辨认出制成朝……走去取得成功；准时到达；约定时间由……制成They'll do all they can to make up
for
the economic
losses.
他们要尽一切力量弥补这些经济损失。I could just make out a tall, pale, shadowy figure tramping through the undergrowth.
我只依稀看见一个高个的模糊身影穿过了矮树丛。You'll make it if you hurry.
如果你赶紧点便能及时到达。
Ⅰ.写出下列句中make up的含义make up 13 per cent of the police force.组成构成make up stories about him.编造虚构make herself up.
打扮made up for their inexperience by careful preparation for each lesson.
弥补made up soon.和解翻译句子你能明白他想说的意思吗？这个由玻璃制成的杯子中的酒尝起来很好喝它是用葡萄制成的。[常考·保分型词汇——自主练会]1．decrease ．减少；降低[练习]根据提示完成小片段(在……方面减少)
population. It has ②decreased_from 10 million to (从……减少到……)(减少了)
10%,
(在减少)
in the future. a decrease in ...“在……方面减少/下降”；on the decrease“在减少”；decrease from ... to ...“从……减少到……”；decrease by“减少了……”。 2．operate 运转；运作；动手术起作用操作；经营；管理[练习]完成句子(给他动手术) for cancer.come_into_operation (实施)?operate on sb.“给某人动手术”；come into operation“开始运转实施生效”。 3．respond vi.反应回复回答 [练习]介词填空/同义替换(＝make_a_response) response n．“回应反应回答”；in response to“对……做出反应”；make a response to“对……做出回答/应”；respond to “答复……；对……做出反应”。 4．in addition 此外另外[练习]单句语法填空in addition, it's beginning to rain.
②In addition to giving (give) me some advice, he gave me some money.
③The teacher, in addition to his students, is (be) interested in the book.
in addition to“除了……之外”其中to为介词后跟动词作宾语时要用动名词；当主语后跟in addition to引出的介词短语时谓语动词的数仍与其前的主语保持一致。 5．aid ．帮助援助[练习]单句语法填空shed the work in time.
②I couldn't speak any French, but a nice man came to my aid and told me where to go.
③We are collecting money in aid of the people who have lost their homes.
He determined to
aid her
with the aid of sb.＝with sb.'s aid“在某人的帮助下”；come/go to one's aid“来/去援助某人”；以援助……作为……的帮助”；“帮助某人做某事”。 6．basis ．基础；根据[练习]完成句子(以……为基础) slave trade.依靠……以……为基础”。 7．rather than 而不是[练习]单句语法填空(2016·孝感调研)The lucky fans will be picked out at random rather than chosen (choose)
beforehand to play table tennis with the famous stars in the live TV program.(run) away from them is the best approach to working things out.
③(2016·马鞍山市两校联考)Most people would agree that nuclear science should be developed to benefit the human beings rather than harm (harm) them.(2016·汉中模拟)Rather than discuss (discuss) all of these questions at length, ow.
rather than连接两个并列的动词时前后形式要一致；would do ... rather than do ...＝prefer to do ... rather than do ...“宁愿做……而不愿做……”
I discovered then that as_long_as I am committed and never give up I will be able to produce high quality reports.
那时我发现只要我忠于事实并且坚持不懈我就能写出高质量的报道来。(1)as/so long as “只要”引导条件状语从句。You can't turn the heat off as long as the system is on.
只要系统开着你就不能中断供暖。You may borrow this book as/so long as you promise to give it back.
只要你答应归还你就可以把这本书借走。(2)引导条件状语从句的其他连词： unless, (that), suppose/supposing (that), assume/assuming (that), (only) if, given (that) 等。I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep it a secret.
我可以告诉你真相条件是你承诺会保守秘密。Suppose/Supposing (that) you were a manager of a company, which college student do you want to hire?
假设你是一个公司的经理你想雇用哪一个大学生呢？
Ⅰ.选词填空(assuming/unless/in case/as long as) we do with it?
②You'll fail in the exam unless you study hard.
③As_long_as you don't lose heart or give up, you'll make success sooner or later.
④Assuming it rains, shall we continue the sports meeting?
Ⅱ.一句多译只要你来我就等你。－1 Only_if_you_come_will_I_wait_for_you.－2 As_long_as_you_come,_－3 On_condition_that_you_come,_
[单元基础落实练]
用所给词的适当形式填空(judge) to decide where I aim my gun.
2．She promised to help me without a moment's hesitation (hesitate)． the machine well and his improper operation led to the breakdown of the machine.(operate)
4．(2016·合肥质检)Mr Smith has been
appointed
as general manager of the company,
with his old friend, Mrs Black, because he wants to
appoint
her as his business assistant.(appointment)
5．“Don't be upset，” she
comforted/comforts
her friend. “Let's go to the beach and the sunlight and gentle wind will make you more
comfortable,_that is, you can get more
comfort
there.” (comfort)
Ⅱ.单句改错(2016·深圳高三年级调研考试)When meeting with new words, 去掉tos.out→up
3．They responded with my joke by laughing.with→to
4．(2016·四川绵阳诊断)They are due to having a party next week. Will you come along？having→haved to one third compared to last year.第一个to→by选词填空gave_aid_to him immediately.
2．(2016·安徽安庆市模拟)The manager arrives at the office early every day to set_an_example to the others.ning in the outside world.
6．The naughty student is always making_up a story to explain why he is absent.
7．I've come to collect my tickets. I booked them by phone yesterday in_the_name_of Tremin.
8．Father makes_sure that all the lights are off before he goes to bed.
Ⅳ.完成句子在机场我一看见他就立即认出他来了。(2016·广东省四校高三联合考试)It_is you who/that really helps you.能真正帮助你的人是你自己。只要我们不失去信心继续努力就一定能克服困难实现目标。s not_what_you_say_but_the_way_you_say_it that matters.
有时候起作用的是你说话的方式而不是你说话的内容。(that/which)_I_spent_in_the_countryside_last_year．我将永远不会忘记去年我在乡下度过的那些日子。still_find_it_hard_to_believe her story.
即使到现在我发现仍难以相信她的故事。无论你有什么理由你都应当遵守诺言。课文缩写语法填空阅读下面材料在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。f change is becoming ①increasingly (increasing) fast. What should we do to keep up with it? Let's take ②a deep breath and try to sense the good things the future offers.
The job areas will be most affected ③by technological change. Jobs in farming and heavy industry are decreasing ④while the service industry, the media are booming. ⑤Without doubt, the number of jobs in IT will multiply. There are also many ⑥other important changes ⑦taking (take) place. The job is getting more and more flexible. ⑧In the same way, companies will change to be more dynamic. Good communication skills will be ⑨extremely (extreme) important. New technology is the ⑩driving (drive) force, so don't get left behind.
Ⅵ.话题微写作根据提示利用本单元所学知识完成下1．史密斯先生是我的好朋友负责一家公司。(take charge of)在经营公司之初他遇到了很多困难他都设法克服了。(overcome)他的努力得到了回报现在他的公司运转很好。(pay off, erate)
4．他经常说在成功的道路上智慧与判断力很重要但是更重要的是毫不犹豫地抓住机会。(wisdom, )
5．使自的人在于自己而不是别人。(envy, 强调句 )他的经历告诉我们无论发生什么都要坚持到底这样胜利最终属于我们。(whatever)takes charge of a company. However, at the beginning, he met with a lot of difficulties, but he managed to overcome them. His efforts paid off and now his company operates very well. He often says that wisdom and judgment are of great importance on the way to success, but what is more important, never hesitate to grasp opportunities. It
is
not others but yourself that makes you an envy to others. His experience tells us whatever happens, carry it through firmly to the end, and in this way the final victory belongs to us.
[高考题型提能练]阅读理解A
Contrary to popular belief, looking at someone's face alone is not enough to tell us whether they are roaring in celebration or screaming in frustration, researchers claimed.While people may believe they have the ability to read each other's faces, body language is the real clue that shows whether strong emotions someone is feeling are positive or negative.
In a study, groups of participants were shown a series of facial expressions such as tennis players photographed just after winning or losing a point.
In some cases the volunteers were able to see the player's full body, but in others they were only shown either their face or their body with the other removed.
Participants could clearly tell whether the players were winning or losing when they were shown the full picture or just the body, but their guesses were no better than chance when based on the face alone.
Those who were allowed to see the full image were convinced they had made their judgment based on the players' facial expressions even though results from the two other groups suggested otherwise.
The researchers carried out a second study where participants were shown a wider range of faces showing emotions including joy, pleasure, victory, pain and defeat.
Using photo－editing software,
body poses in the photographs but not the facial expressions, demonstrating that people base their interpretation of strong emotions not on the face but the body.
Dr Aviezer, who led the study, said, “These results show that when emotions become extremely intense, the difference between positive and negative facial expressions becomes unclear.The results may help researchers understand how our body interacts during emotional situations.For example, individuals may fail to recognize facial expressions, but if they are trained to process important body language, their performance may significantly improve.”
语篇解读：最新的研究表明：通过观察别人的眼睛人们并不能完全读懂他们的心情但如果通过肢体语言人们却能更好地了解别人在想什么。________．someone's body language has an effect on their feelings
B．reading someone's face alone cannot tell their feelings
C．someone's body language is the only clue to their feelings
D．someone's feelings can be read by their facial expressions
解析：选D 推理判断题。从第一段的“Contrary to popular belief, 可知目前人们普遍认为看人们的面部表情就可以得知他们的心情。e divided into four groups.
B．All participants were given the same pictures to see.
C．It proved that emotions influence people's body language.
D．Participants could tell the players' feelings when seeing the full picture.
解析：选D 细节理解题。从第四段的“Participants could clearly tell whether the players were winning or losing when they were shown the full picture or just the body”可知D项正确。 B．Useless.解析：选D 推理判断题。从最后一段的“The results may help researchers understand how our body interacts during emotional situations.”可知认为这些结果在某个方面对其他研究有一定的帮助。ummarize the main idea of the passage?
A．Body rather than eyes is the window of the soul.
B．Facial expressions can reflect the emotions clearly.
C．Researchers link emotions to body language through software.
D．Two studies focus on the link between body language and emotions.
解析：选A 主旨大意题。最新的研究表明：通过观察别人的眼睛A项。B
(2016·河南六市联考)At an outdoor restaurant, (蟑螂) flew in and landed on a woman. She started screaming out of fear; with a panic stricken face and trembling voice, o got into a panic. The woman finally managed to flick the cockroach away but it landed on a man in the group who continued the drama. In the relay of throwing, the cockroach next fell upon a waitress who had rushed to their rescue.
The waitress stood firm, calmed herself and observed the behavior of the cockroach on her blouse. When she was confident enough, she grabbed it and threw it out of the restaurant.
Sipping my coffee and watching the amusement, I started wondering: Was the cockroach responsible for their funny behavior? If so, then why was the waitress not disturbed? She handled the situation to near perfection, without panic.
It was not the cockroach, but the inability of the customers to handle the disturbance caused by the cockroach that disturbed them. I realized that it's not the shouting of my children or my boss or my wife that disturbs me, but my inability to handle the disturbances caused by their shouting.
It's not the traffic jams on the road that disturb me, but my inability to handle the disturbance caused by the traffic jams. More than the problem, it's my reaction to the problem that creates chaos in my life.
I understood. I should not react in life. I should always respond. The customers reacted, whereas the waitress responded. Reactions are always instinctive (本能的) while responses tend to be well thought out.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一只蟑螂出现在饭店里引起了顾客的恐慌服务员冷静地捉住蟑螂将其扔了出去。作者通过这个故事旨在告诉人们：遇到问题时要冷静积极地应对。cockroach was found in a woman's food and then a man found the same problem.
B．A cockroach appearing in the restaurant caused a state of panic among the customers.
C．A cockroach rushed the waitress into apologizing to the customers.
D．A woman and a man were trying to rescue the waitress from the cockroach.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“At an outdoor restaurant ... as everyone in her group also got into a panic.”可知出现在饭店里的蟑螂在一些顾客中引起了恐慌。故答案选B。derlined word “chaos” in Paragraph 5?
A．Confusion.B．Success.解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据第五段第一句“It's not the traffic jams ... by the traffic jams.”可推知与“disturbance”意思相近意为“混乱”。故答案选A。ding to the passage, if you ran into a traffic jam, you might ________ in your car.
A．complain your delay
B．feel upset and annoyed
C．relax yourself by listening to music
D．expect someone to clear the road
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Reactions are always instinctive (本能的) while responses tend to be well thought out.”可知反应总是出自本能而对策往往是经过深思熟虑的。因此遇到交通堵塞时在车里听音乐是一种对策。故答案选C。ers while in a restaurant!
D．Don't react just from your feelings; respond positively!
解析：选D 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“I should not react in life. I should always respond.”可知作者写这篇文章是想告诫人们遇到困难时要积极冷静应对而不是只做些本能的反应。故答案选D。Ⅱ.任务型阅读________
Here are guidelines we created to help us decide what's appropriate for our family： if you're not watching a lot of television, so really the best solution to finding appropriate television is saying, “Go play.”
2.________
Don't trust network ratings. A kid－approved stamp given by a television network is a general guide that doesn't take into account your parenting style and the things your family feels are important.
3.________
There are plenty of adult cartoon shows on television now, ________
The bottom line is, I want to know what my kids are watching, and if the TV is on my time in our home, I want to first approve of the show ahead of time, and second to watch it with my kids so that I'm aware of anything they might be seeing that needs intervention (干涉)． into the room while the characters in the romantic comedy we're watching are kissing.
5.________
A．If it doesn't feel good, turn it off.
B．And be aware of cartoons!
C．We can talk about what we see, though, using story－lines to teach lessons when possible. can be fun.
答案：1～5 EGBFC完形填空
(2016·乌鲁木齐诊断)A crowd gathered recently to hear a popular jazz band. The music was good, __1__ were very talented. But everyone had come to
see one player __2__， the 9－year－old－lovers interested in __3__ this young man perform? It is because he is a jazz __4____5__ he was born blind. Yet __6__ his lack of sight, the boy began playing the drums at the age of four. He showed a(n) __7__ ability, and before long, he was playing the __8__， too. By the age of five he had formed his own jazz trio (三重奏). His parents, __9__ surprised by his wonderful talent. “I didn't know
__10__ before; he got me into it，” said his father, Roberto. “I don't know how to explain how it __11__. It's like jazz was __12__ inside him.”
Many professional musicians are equally __13__ and welcome the chance to __14__ with Jose. They have noticed his deep understanding of this unique form of music. Singer Vero Perez says the exceptional thing about Jose isn't his age or even his __15__. According to Perez, “He shows other musicians how jazz music really is to be played.”
As Jose's fame __16__， he has more chances to tour and perform. He has traveled throughout Bolivia and into Brazil and Peru.
When Jose is at home with his family, he is a __17__ little boy. He goes to school and does his homework. __18__ when he begins playing the piano or drums, his musical genius becomes obvious. Jose has proved that nothing will keep him from doing what he loves best. His positive __19__ towards life encourages others to look past their own obstacles and __20__ their dreams.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一个九岁的小男孩先天失明却拥有非凡的音乐天赋。他对爵士乐的理解甚至超过了专业音乐家的水平。他积极乐观的人生态度也鼓舞着人们去追求自己的梦想。B.actors解析：选C 根据文章第一句中“a popular jazz band(流行爵士乐队)”可知此处指音乐很棒这些乐队成员也都很有才能。故选C项意为“音乐家”。解析：选B 根据句中“But”和“one player”可知此处指尽管乐队成员都很优秀但大家都尤其是来看Jose 表演的。故选B项意为“特别尤其”。解析：选D 根据句中“perform”可知人们是来观看的演出的。故选D项o sth.意为“看某人做某事”。解析：选A 根据下一段第二句中“the boy began playing the drums at the age of four”该段第四句“By the age of five he had formed his own jazz trio (三重奏).”和该段第五句中“surprised by his wonderful talent”可知是个爵士天才。故选A项意为“天才”。解析：选B 分析句子结构可知空格处所在句子是非限制性定语从句先行词“Totora”在从句中作地点状语意为“在这里”。故选B项。pite
解析：选D 根据空格后的“his lack of sight”可知空格处应用介词；分析本句句意可知逗号前后之间是让步关系。D项是介词意为“虽然尽管”符合语境。解析：选C 结合上文内容和常识可知一个先天失明的孩子四岁就开始击鼓。这是一种令人惊叹的才C项意为“令人惊叹的”。解析：选D 根据上文可知是个音乐天才再由第六段中“he begins playing the piano”可知本句指不久后他开始弹钢琴。故选D项意为钢琴”。解析：选A 根据上文内容可知一直在展现他的音乐天赋。由此可知此处指他的父母和其他人不断地为他的音乐天赋感到惊讶。故选A项意为“连续不断地”。解析：选C 根据本段最后一句“It's like jazz __12__ inside him.”可知此处指Jose的父亲原来不懂爵士乐是Jose让他喜欢上了这种音乐。故选C项。解析：选A 本句中“it”指Jose Andre Montano从小就具有音乐天赋这件事。故此处应指Jose的父亲不知道的音乐天赋是怎么产生的因为他自己原来不懂爵士乐。故选A项意为“发生产生”。already
C.never
D.hardly
解析：选B 根据上句可知父亲不知道Jose的音乐天赋是如何产生的。再结合空格后“inside him”可知此处指那好像是与生俱来的(早已在他体内)。故选B项意为“已经”。解析：选C 根据句中“equally”可知不光是听众对 的爵士乐天赋惊叹不已许多专业的音乐家也被打动了。故选C项意为“留下深刻印象的被打动的”。解析：选D 根据“musicians”和“welcome the chance”可知这些专业的音乐家也乐意接受和Jose Andre Montano一起表演的机会。故选D项意为“表演”。A.carelessness
B.blindness
C.deafness
D.loneliness
解析：选B 根据第二段第二句中“and he is blind”可知答案为B项意为“失明”。解析：选D 根据句中“he has more chances to tour and perform”可知由于Jose Andre Montano的名声传播开来他得到的巡演机会越来越多。故选D项意为“传播散布”。解析：选C 根据下一句“He goes to school and does his homework.”可知当在家里与家人共处时和别的孩子一样上学、做作业是一C项意为“正常的”符合句意。解析：选A 根据语境可知但是当他开始弹钢琴或击鼓时他与众不同的音乐天赋就展现出来了。本句与上句“他像正常小孩一样上学、做作业”之间是转折关系故选A项。解析：选B 根据语境可知尽管Jose Andre Montano先天失明但他却没有因此放弃自己最热爱的事。这种乐观的态度鼓舞了别人。故选B项意为“态度”常与介词to/towards连用。解析：选A Jose Andre Montano对生活的乐观态度鼓舞人们克服困难努力去追求梦想。A项意为“伸手去够努力争取”符合句意。短文改错(2016·银川一中二模)On a snowy winter night, d in it. They could do nothing but to wait for help. A man who lived nearby saw that had happened. He and some villagers succeeded in open the door and helped all of them out of the bus. He took them to his home but offered food and water and even some warm clothes to the children. They spent two days in their home and finally help came. All of them were thankfully for his help.
答案：第一句：passenger→passengers; because后加of第二句：trapping→trapped; is→was第三句：去掉to第四句：that→what第五句：open→opening第六句：but→and第七句：their→his第八句：thankfully→thankful