【金版教程】2017高考英语二轮复习训练：1-1-5 篇章结构题b（含解析）

　　建议用时：45分钟

　　Ⅰ.完形填空

　　[2015·北京朝阳区一模]

　　Appeal to Emotion(情感)

　　My childhood left three months ago on a plane to Austria.

　　It was a ___1___ day when my baby cousins moved away. My cousins were a fundamental part of my life, ___2___ they were not with me, they were on my mind. They brought back the untroubled days of my childhood, ___3___ games, adventures and silliness, but they also helped ___4___ me from an at­times selfish teenager into a responsible adult.

　　My aunt and uncle moved here from Boston with their 1­year­old daughter Yasmeen. They lived in an apartment on the side of our house and I was ___5___ to have our family, especially a baby girl, so close to us Yasmen had close friendship with each of my sisters, but I knew the one that ___6___ between us was the strongest. As she began to walk on her own and talk in full sentences, I realized my great ___7___ upon her. I noticed that she'd ___8___ some of my unpleasant actions, ___9___ with her mother after I had done the same. Yasmeen made me realize what being a good ___10___ really was.

　　When Maya was born, Yasmeen had a hard time ___11___. She was jealous (嫉妒) of the attention we all paid to her new younger sister, so I did my best to keep her company when she might have not been ___12___. Once Yasmeen overcame her jealousy, she was able to ___13___ Maya's presence, like we all did I tried to take advantage of our times together, doing my best to ___14___ my schedule for my two favorite people.

　　My ___15___ with Yasmeen and Maya has taught me the importance of influential people. I know that I have helped Yasmeen and Maya ___16___，but“the babies”have had an even greater influence on my own life. They have shown me how to be a parent, a sister, a child and most importantly, a friend. Our ___17___ has made me a better person—more patient person, with the ability to ___18___ endless questions and spilled (洒) juice; an ___19___ person, able to have fun and be happy with other, a role model, ___20___ the babies idea about right and wrong, and a compassion person, able to forgive and love.

　　本文来自于美国本科留学申请essay范例。主题为亲情和成长。符合近几年北京高考一向的出题风格。文章难度适中，难度不大。但部分题型中从词汇含义考的比较生僻，容易出错。

　　1．A.sad

　　B．busy

　　C．fine

　　D．relaxing

　　答案：A　根据本句中when my baby cousins moved away来看本空是一个消极词汇，故只有A符合。

　　2．A.until

　　B．before

　　C．when

　　D．unless

　　答案：C　本空主要考查阅读理解能力，整个句子意为：我的cousins是我生命中极为重要的一部分，当我们不在一起的时候，他们一直会在我的脑海里。

　　3．A.against

　　B．through

　　C．besides

　　D．for

　　答案：B　through“通过”，符合语境。

　　4．A.lead

　　B．challenge

　　C．mature

　　D．encourage

　　答案：C　本空考查词义辨析，mature在这里是动词，意为“使成熟”，符合空后“from an at­times selfish teenager into a responsible”。

　　5．A.overjoyed

　　B．embarrassed

　　C．surprised

　　D．afraid

　　答案：A　本空是情感线索的考查，根据上下文来看，作者是很喜欢他的cousin，故overjoyed“极其高兴”。符合句意。B选项embarrassed是“尴尬的”。

　　6．A.ended

　　B．started

　　C．survived

　　D．developed

　　答案：D　本空主要考查词义辨析，one that ________ between us was strongest是定语从句，修饰one，而one指的是前边的relationship，意思是在我们之间形成的关系才是最牢固的，develop“形成”。

　　7．A.pressure

　　B．dependence

　　C．mercy

　　D．influence

　　答案：D　根据下文“I noticed that she'd ________ some of my unpleasant actions”可知，作者的cousin在模仿自己的一些行为。而且influence这个在下文也出现过了。

　　8．A.doubt

　　B．regret

　　C．copy

　　D．guide

　　答案：C　根据空后“after I had done the same”可知，Yasmeen在模仿作者，虽然总是模仿一些不好的事情。

　　9．A.debating

　　B．arguing

　　C．negotiating

　　D．checking

　　答案：B　本空纯属考查词义辨析。argue with sb.“和……争论”。C选项negotiate“谈判”。

　　10．A.leader

　　B．partner

　　C．friend

　　D．example

　　答案：D　Yasmeen在模仿作者，让作者明白了什么是榜样。

　　11．A.sharing

　　B．adjusting

　　C．recognizing

　　D．struggling

　　答案：B　当前句中提到Maya出生了，另一个小女孩“Yasmeen had a hard time adjusting (适应)”。下文提到，开始她感觉自己被忽略了而嫉妒，后来慢慢喜欢和Maya在一起是一个“适应的”过程。

　　12．A.noticed

　　B．admired

　　C．comforted

　　D．protected

　　答案：A　作者看到Yasmeen嫉妒，所以当她不被注意的时候(noticed)尽量去陪伴她。上文的attention是一个提示词。

　　13．A.ignore

　　B．mind

　　C．sense

　　D．enjoy

　　答案：D　克服嫉妒之后，就开始喜欢(enjoy)那个小孩子了。像我们一样。ignore“忽视”；mind“介意”；sense“感觉到”，含义不符。

　　14．A.affect

　　B．accept

　　C．free

　　D．ruin

　　答案：C　前面提到，作者努力去利用在一起的时间，为了那两个可爱的孩子尽自己最大努力来空出自己的计划表(schedule)。

　　15．A.instruction

　　B．experiment

　　C．experience

　　D．interview

　　答案：C　作者和两个孩子在一起的经历(experience)教会了自己影响人的重要性。instruction“教导”；experiment“实验”；interview“采访，面试”，含义不当。

　　16．A.grow

　　B．succeed

　　C．think

　　D．behave

　　答案：A　作者帮助两个孩子grow“成长”，succeed“成功”，think“思考”，behave“行为”。

　　17．A.meeting

　　B．relationship

　　C．responsibility

　　D．respect

　　答案：B　和孩子之间的关系让我成为了更好的人。

　　18．A.interview

　　B．tolerate

　　C．repeat

　　D．avoid

　　答案：B　tolerate(容忍)孩子们的无休止的问题。

　　19．A.honest

　　B．independent

　　C．aggressive

　　D．enthusiastic

　　答案：D　enthusiastic(热情的)人，排比句。下文说能够和他人快乐的相处。

　　20．A.showing

　　B．writing

　　C．awarding

　　D．permitting

　　答案：A　a role model(一个榜样)作用是展示给孩子们如何分辨正确和错误。

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解

　　A

　　[2015·甘肃兰州实战演练]As a substitute teacher, my daily routine involves driving

　　to a new school almost every day so I'm usually unable to anticipate (预料)

　　the day's events, good or bad!

　　On one particular day, I was teaching in a very difficult class. I was managing behavior all the morning and by lunch

　　time, I knew I needed coffee to even consider surviving the afternoon. So on my lunch break, I drove to a nearby plaza to get a cup of coffee.

　　Upon returning to the car I realized I had locked my keys and my phone inside!

　　I had about 15 minutes to get back to the school which was a good 4­or 5­minute drive away.

　　I contemplated (考虑)

　　rushing back, but it being winter, I thought a nasty fall on ice would only make the situation much worse.

　　So I ran into a McDonald's which was in the same plaza and asked the man at the counter who happened to be the manager to please call me a cab. I briefly explained my situation to him, and I could tell by the look in his eyes that he empathized. He hurried to the back to use the phone while I paced in the restaurant. I had less than 10 minutes to get back to my school at this point.

　　The manager returned only to tell me that the cab

　　company had put him on hold and then the line got

　　disconnected， and that he was now on hold again, but had not

　　been able to request the cab yet. My expression, I assume, began to resemble some combination of hopelessness and fear.

　　Without a thought, he grabbed his coat and offered to drive me to the school.

　　Without hesitation， I followed him into

　　his car and made it back into my classroom with 2 minutes to

　　spare before the bell!

　　Upon arriving at the school, I thanked this man endlessly. His calm behavior and kind nature made me think he was probably a wonderful manager to work for, and also a

　　wonderful human being to have on this earth. This experience

　　makes me realize that out of every seemingly hopeless

　　situation, there is the opportunity for acts of kindness to

　　transpire (发生), which can have an unimaginable impact

　　(影响)

　　on those who receive them.

　　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者在广场上喝咖啡后发现车钥匙和手机都被锁在了车里，他在麦当劳向经理寻求帮助，并最终在这位经理的帮助下及时赶回学校的故事。

　　1．Why did the author want to get a cup of coffee?

　　A．Because he was very thirsty at that time.

　　B．Because he was only interested in drinking coffee.

　　C．Because he had to refresh himself for the classes in the afternoon.

　　D．Because he wanted to do something special to pass the whole afternoon.

　　答案：C　考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I knew I needed coffee to even consider surviving the afternoon”可知，作者需要咖啡使自己下午上课有精神。

　　2．The author ________ so he gave up the idea of going back to school on foot when he found his keys and phone were locked inside the car.

　　A．was too tired to walk further

　　B．was afraid of falling down on ice

　　C．asked the manager to call him a cab

　　D．decided to take a school bus

　　答案：B　考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I contemplated (考虑)rushing back, but it being winter, I thought a nasty fall on ice would only make the situation much worse”可知，作者担心徒步跑回学校就有可能会跌倒在有冰的路上，因此就放弃了那种想法，所以选B。

　　3．The author has probably stayed in the McDonald's for ________.

　　A．15 minutes

　　B．8～9 minutes

　　C．4～5 minutes

　　D．2 minutes

　　答案：B　考查数字计算。根据第二段中的“I had about 15 minutes to get back to the school which was a good 4­or 5­minute drive away”和第五段中的“I followed him into his car and made it back into my classroom with 2 minutes to spare before the bell”可知，作者所在的地方开车回学校需四五分钟，而回学校后离上课时间还有两分钟，因此选B。

　　4．What kind of person is the manager?

　　A．Kind­hearted.

　　B．Faithful.

　　C．Gentle.

　　D．Dependable.

　　答案：A　考查细节理解。根据全文的内容以及文章最后一段中的“His calm behavior and kind nature made me think he was probably a wonderful manager to work for”可知，这个经理心地善良。

　　1．substitute v．/n. 代替；代用品　adj. 代替的；替补的

　　2．briefly adv. 简短地3.empathize vt. 移情；神会

　　4．resemble v. 类似；像

　　5.hesitation n. 躇踌；犹豫

　　1．happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事

　　2．have an impact on 对……有影响

　　原文：The manager returned only to tell me that the cab

　　company had put him on hold and then the line got

　　disconnected.(不定式作结果状语)

　　译文：经理回来了，却告诉我：汽车公司让他稍等，然后就挂断了。

　　仿写：He arrived at the booking­office only_to_be_told_ that_the_tickets_had_been_sold_out.

　　他匆忙地到了售票处，结果被告知票已经售完。

　　B

　　[2015·吉林长春质检三]Windows 8, apart from Windows 95, is the biggest surprise and the only version of Microsoft's operating system that has been changed from the core (核心) when compared to its former one. However, a recent study has shown that under 20% of business owners would be willing to upgrade to the new version of Windows. The reason for this remains to be discussed and debated, and we will try to throw light on this research by providing you with some of the most common advantages and disadvantages of Windows 8.

　　Generally speaking, there are a great number of plus sides related to upgrading from Windows 7 to Windows 8.

　　Speed—This is the biggest advantage to mention Boot time has been reported to be up to nine times shorter than that with Windows 7.

　　New passwords—Instead of typing your passwords, Windows 8 will let you use gestures on your favorite photos to enter your password. This is not only practical but also extremely cool!

　　Windows 8 experience—Apart from computers, Windows 8 will be used on all devices, including smart phones, tablet PC's and so on. Also, owing to the fact that it has been specifically designed with touch screen users in mind, Windows 8, besides using keyboard and mouse, will offer a whole new user experience.

　　However, there are still some disadvantages.

　　The first one that has to be mentioned is that there is no Start Menu from Windows. Yes, there is no Start button in the lower left corner, and this might be a real puzzle of many Windows users. Also, many users have had a problem to get used to the new interface (界面) introduced by Windows 8. The biggest problem that is worth noticing is that Windows 8 was originally designed for touch screen users, and this may have a bad effect on desktop users who have gotten used to doing everything with the help of their keyboard and mouse.

　　本文是说明文，介绍了Windows 8的优缺点。

　　5．What does “plus sides” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?

　　A．Math symbols.

　　B．Strengths.

　　C．New rules.

　　D．Messages.

　　答案：B　考查词义猜测。考查考生对上下文的理解及词义的推断能力。从plus这个词的本意和下文中提到的“Speed，New passwords，Windows 8 experience”还有“However，there are still some disadvantages.”可知。

　　6．According to the text the greatest advantage of Windows 8 is its ________.

　　A．complex passwords

　　B．high speed

　　C．unique experience

　　D．new interface

　　答案：B　考查细节理解。考查考生对细节信息的提取能力。从“Speed”部分“This is the biggest advantage to mention.”可知。

　　7．From the text we can learn that Windows 8 ________.

　　A．no longer requires a password

　　B．was upgraded from windows 95

　　C．will be popular with desktop users

　　D．can be used on more than computers

　　答案：D　考查细节理解。考查考生对细节信息的提取能力。从“Windows 8 experience”部分“Apart from computers, Windows 8 will be used on all devices”可知，应选D。

　　8．Many Windows 8 users face the problem that ________.

　　A．Start Menu is hidden in the lower left corner

　　B．they have to use fingerprints instead of button

　　C．keyboard and mouse can't be used any longer

　　D．they don't get accustomed to the new interface

　　答案：D　考查细节理解。考查考生对细节信息的提取能力。由文章最后一段中的“Also, many users have had a problem to get used to the new interface (界面) introduced by Windows 8.”可知。

　　1．advantage n. 好处；优势　2.gesture n. 姿式；手势

　　3．extremely adv. 极度地；极其

　　4．mention vt. 提到

　　5.originally adv. 起初；本来

　　1．throw light on 阐明；照亮

　　2．get used to (prep.) 习惯于

　　3．have an effect on 对……有影响

　　原文：Also, owing to the fact that it has been specifically designed with touch screen users in mind, Windows 8, besides using keyboard and mouse, will offer a whole new user experience.(同位语从句)

　　译文：由于Windows 8专门设计了用户思维式触摸屏，因此，除了使用键盘和鼠标外，Windows 8还提供了整套全新用户体验。

　　仿写：Information has been put forward that_more_middle_ school_graduates_will_be_admitted_into_university.

　　更多中学毕业生要被大学录取的信息已经被提议。

　　Ⅲ.语法填空

　　[2015·山东日照校际联考]A man looking at his smartphone while walking across a railway crossing in Nanjing ___1___ (have) a close knock on Oct. 22. He was so ___2___ (absorb) in his smartphone that he didn't see a train approaching until it brushed past him, ___3___ (throw) him to the ground. This should serve ___4___ a warning that people should be aware of their surroundings, especially ___5___ crossing roads.

　　___6___ (lucky), the man survived a brush with death, but the incident forced the driver ___7___ (stop) the train. An 18­minute delay followed the incident, ___8___ led to a break in the running of other trains on the route.

　　Smartphone ___9___ (addicted) has spread like an infectious disease. It's evident that it will do great harm to society. What's even ___10___ (bad), some addicts become impatient with relatives and friends.

　　Some people blame the smartphone for the tragedy, yet in fact people's weakening self­control and self­discipline are to blame.

　　1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

　　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

　　9．________　10.________

　　如今手机上瘾现象非常严重，对人们的生活有着很大的危害。文章告诉我们是我们的自控力和自我约束力差而导致此种现象，并非手机本身的问题。

　　1．had　考查一般过去时。根据时间状语“on Oct.22”可知，此处是在描述发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。

　　2．absorbed　考查固定短语。be absorbed in“专心致志，全神贯注”，是固定短语。

　　3．throwing　考查现在分词。根据语境可知，此处表示“火车与他擦身而过，把他摔在了地上”，train和throw之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。

　　4．as　考查固定结构。serve as“起作用，产生效果”，此处表示“这应该给人们起一个警告作用”。

　　5．when/while　考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示“尤其是当过马路的时候”，故用when或while，此处是“主语＋系动词”的省略。可还原为：especially when/while they are crossing roads。

　　6．Luckily　考查副词。幸运的是，这个男子与死亡擦肩而过，但是这个事件迫使驾驶员停下了火车。在句首应该用lucky的副词形式，即Luckily。

　　7．to stop　考查动词不定式。force sb. to do sth.“迫使某人做某事”，为固定结构。

　　8．which　考查非限制性定语从句。这件事耽搁了18分钟，导致路线上其他火车的运行中断了。此处用which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的“An 18­minute delay”。

　　9．addiction　考查名词。分析句子成分可知，此处作主语，意为“手机上瘾”，故用addicted的名词形式addiction“上瘾”，addict作为名词时，意为“对……着迷的人”，此处不符合语境。

　　10．worse　考查形容词比较级。what's even worse意为“甚至更糟糕的是”，even修饰比较级，故用worse。

　　Ⅳ.短文改错

　　[2015·黑龙江绥化重点中学一模]

　　Dear Jin Jing，

　　Your problem is common one among middle school students. Maybe the following advices can help you. First in all, believe in yourself. Your greatest problem is that you lack self­confidence. The first thing you must do it is to smile at your classmates. One smile speaks loud about your wish to make friends than any word. Your smile will show that you are friendly to him. Next, trying talking with a student who is as shy as you or who share the same interest as you. You can discuss your studies with a classmate and you can also talk about your hobbies. Unless anyone is in trouble, you should be ready to help him or her. Once you have confidence, you can make as many friends as possibly.

　　Yours，

　　Lily

　　答案：

　　Yours，

　　Lily