Module 1
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2015·绵阳市一诊模拟)
If you know the following fact, you'll understand why many people suffer from foot problems. The average person walks the equivalent of three times around the Earth in a lifetime. That is enormous wear_and_tear on the 26 bones, 33 joints and more than 100 muscles that make up the foot.
In a recent survey for the American Podiatric Medical Association, 53 percent of respondents reported foot pain so severe that it affected their daily function. On average, people develop pain in their 60s, but it can start as early as the 20s and 30s. And usually women give care to their feet while men don't.
“A lot of people think foot pain is part of the aging process and accept it, and walk with pain，” said Dr Andrew Shapiro. Though some foot problems are inevitable, their progress can be slowed.
The following questions will help you assess whether you should take more preventive action as you age. Do you have flat feet or high arches(足弓)? Either puts feet at risk. Shoes that support the arch and heel can help flat feet. People with high arches should look for roomy shoes and softer padding(衬垫) to absorb the shock. Proper exercises also strengthen muscles, supporting the foot.
Do your shoes fit? In the survey, more than 34 percent of men said they could not remember the last time their feet were measured. 20 percent of women said that once a week they wore shoes that hurt, and 8 percent wore painful shoes daily. Feet flatten and lengthen with age, so if you still stick to the shoe size you wore at the age of 21, get your feet measured.
Do you walk? Putting more mileage(里程) on your feet is the best way to exercise the muscles and keep them healthy.
语篇解读：本文提到很多人会受到脚痛的困扰，且受到多方面因素的制约，所以要加强锻炼保持脚部的健康。
1．The underlined phrase “wear and tear” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.
A．a surprising experience
B．an unimaginable distance
C．damage due to continuous use D．a contribution to the feet
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句提到“The average person walks the equivalent of three times around the Earth in a lifetime.”平均每人走一生的路相当于绕地球三圈，使用起来就是非常危险的，故选C项。
2．What do we know from the passage?
A．The number of men and women who have foot problems is similar.
B．Walking as little as possible can protect your feet from pain.
C．More than half of the respondents have serious foot problems.
D．53% of people develop foot pain in their 60s.
答案：C 细节推断题。根据第二段提到“In a recent survey for the American Podiatric Medical Association, 53 percent of respondents reported foot pain so severe that it affected their daily function.”有一半的人脚痛很严重，影响到他们的日常生活，故选C项。
3．Which of the following statements best explains foot pain?
A．Not all of it can be avoided.
B．People can't slow its process.
C．Walking more will stop foot pain.
D．Preventive actions can't work well.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第四段提到“The following questions will help you assess whether you should take more preventive action as you age. Do you have flat feet or high arches(足弓)？”第五段“Do your shoes fit？”最后一段“Do you walk？”可知没有一项可以避免，故选A项。
4．If your feet are 26 cm long at 23, what is the probable length of your feet when you are 43?
A．26.2 cm
B．25.2 cm
C．26 cm
D．25 cm
答案：A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段提到“Feet flatten and lengthen with age, so if you still stick to the shoe size you wore at the age of 21, get your feet measured.”脚扁平和长度会随着年龄的变化而变化的，如果你还坚持21岁时的脚长的话，你必须得量一下你的脚了，故选A项。
B
(2015·云南省昆明一中月考)
Keeping a busy social life among lots of friends may keep people thinner than spending hours doing some exercises, according to scientists. They say that socializing and meeting with friends help increase levels of brown fat in the body which burns calories to produce heat.
Living in an exciting social environment was found to reduce fat in mice's belly by half over four weeks, even if they ate more. US researchers say that social excitement aids weight loss by turning white fat into brown. White fat stores calories and makes us fatter, while brown burns energy to produce heat. Turning white fat into brown is extremely difficult, normally requiring longterm stay in cold conditions or exciting part of the body's nervous system.
However, scientists from Ohio State University now think that having a busy social life is an even more effective way of changing white fat into brown. The team came up with their theory by studying the effects of various living environments on mice. Those, who lived alongside a greater number of mice, had more space and toys to excite themselves and then lost far more weight over the course of the study than their “couch potato” fellows.
Study author, Dr Matthew During, whose team's findings appear in the journal Cell Metabolism, said, “I'm still amazed at the degree of fat loss that occurs.” Explaining how new technology had threatened facetoface socializing, he added, “It's not just a sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle and high calorie foods, but an increasing lack of social activities.” Coauthor Dr Lei Cao said, “Loneliness is a potential factor for cancer and death; it's equal to cigarette smoking to a certain extent. Social activities are very vital.”
语篇解读：本文讲述了一项关于减肥的研究。以小老鼠的例子告诉人们应该积极参加社交活动多锻炼，而不是总待着不动。
5．What information can we get from the first two paragraphs?
A． Brown fat stores calories and makes us fatter.
B. It doesn't take long to turn white fat into brown.
C． Social excitement helps gain more weight.
D. Brown fat can burn energy to produce heat.
答案：D 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话 “US researchers say that social excitement aids weight loss by turning white fat into brown. White fat stores calories and makes us fatter, while brown burns energy to produce heat.”美国研究者认为，社交兴奋感可以把 “白色脂肪”转化为棕色脂肪，从而有助于减肥。“白色脂肪”储存卡路里，使人们长胖，而“棕色脂肪”能够燃烧能量，产生热量。故D正确。
6．Which of the following statement does the text support?
A． Levels of brown fat can be increased by socializing.
B. The mice lacking social life lose more weight.
C． The research findings haven't been published so far.
D. Dr Matthew During wasn't convinced of the result.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句 “White fat stores calories and makes us fatter, while brown burns energy to produce heat. Turning white fat into brown is extremely difficult, normally requiring longterm stay in cold conditions or exciting part of the body's nervous system.”可知A正确。
7．We can conclude from the text that ________.
A．the fat in mice's belly was reduced because of the relaxing environment
B．a sedentary lifestyle and high calories foods influence people's social life
C．surfing the Internet may influence people's facetoface communication
D．cancer and death are mainly caused for lack of social life
答案：C 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句 “Explaining how new technology had threatened facetoface socializing, he added，”It's not just a sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle and high calorie foods, but an increasing lack of social activities.”可知C正确。
8．What's the main idea of the text?
A． Brown fat is beneficial to people's health.
B. Socializing is unnecessarily important in people's daily life.
C． White fat can be changed into brown fat.
D. Socializing contributes to people's losing weight.
答案：D 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段得出，科学家研究发现，与在跑步机上锻炼几个小时相比，跟朋友一起参加社交活动更有利于保持苗条身材。研究人员表示，社交活动和朋友聚会能帮助提高体内 “棕色脂肪”的含量，这种脂肪可以燃烧卡路里，产生热量，所以有助于减肥。选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2015·山西省太原五中高三月考)
We all know the importance of curiosity, and here are some tips on how to develop it.
Keep an open mind. This is essential if you are to have a curious mind. Be open to learning, unlearning, and relearning things.__1__Therefore, you should be prepared to accept this possibility and change your mind.
__2__ Most people just accept the world as it is. This way, they will certainly lose the “holy curiosity”. Try to dig deeper beneath the surface of what is around you. A sure way to dig deeper beneath the surface is asking questions. What, why, when, who, where, and how are the questions curious people always ask.
Don't label anything as boring. Whenever you label something as boring, you close one more door of possibilities. Curious people are unlikely to consider things boring. __3__Even if they don't yet have time to explore them, they will leave the door open to be visited another time.
Take learning as something fun. If you see learning as a burden, there's no way you will want to dig deeper into anything. That will just make the burden heavier. However, if you think of learning as something fun, you will naturally want to dig deeper. __4__
Read diverse materials. It will introduce you to the possibilities and excitement of other worlds which may attract your interest in exploring further. One easy way to do this is through reading diverse materials. __5__ It'll feed your mind with the excitement of a new world.
A．Never take things as granted.
B．Don't spend too much time on just one world.
C．Try to pick a book or magazine on a new subject.
D．Some things you know and believe might be wrong.
E. It doesn't matter that you don't agree to others' opinions.
F. Instead, they always see these things as a door to an exciting new world.
G. So look at life through the glasses of fun and enjoy the learning process.
语篇解读：文章主要讲了提高好奇心的一些建议以及如何培养好奇心。
1．D 根据上文的关键词things，下文“Therefore, you should be prepared to accept this possibility and change your mind.”因此，你应该准备好接受这种可能性并改变你的想法。选D，你了解的事情也可能是错的。
2．A 根据下文的“Most people just accept the world as it is. This way, they will certainly lose the ‘holy curiosity’”．大多数人接受这个世界现在的样子。这样的话，他们肯定会失去好奇心。A“不要把一切都想当然”。
3．F 根据上文的“Curious people are unlikely to consider things boring”有好奇心的人不会认为什么是无聊的。相反，人们把这些事情看作打开新奇世界的一扇门。
4．G 根据上文的“However, if you think of learning as something fun, you will naturally want to dig deeper.”然而，如果你认为学习是有趣的事情，你自然就想要挖掘它。抓住关键词learning。
5．C 根据上文的“One easy way to do this is through reading diverse materials.”一个简单的方法就是通过阅读各种材料。关键词diverse materials，C刚好是对关键词的进一步解释。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2015·河北百校联盟3月模拟)
Do you have sleeping problems? If so, then these tips may help you fall asleep fast.
Set aside the thought __1__ you have to fall asleep. The more you think __2__ it，the harder you will fall asleep.
The foods you eat also play __3__ important part. Avoid eating or drinking things like chocolates, coffee, tea and energy drinks. If you have to, then have them in the morning and never in the afternoon, __4__(especial) before going to bed. Don't eat too much at night. A full stomach will make it more difficult for you __5__(fall) asleep because your body is working more time to digest the food you ate.
Make a __6__(fix) time to go to bed. For example，by 9 o'clock in the evening you should already be in bed. Do this even if you're not sleepy yet. Once __7__(follow) this routine, you will gradually see that you feel __8__(sleep) when it's 9 o'clock.
Make your room comfortable for sleeping. You should also take note that the sleeping environment also affects your sleep. It must be in the room __9__ it's not noisy. Otherwise, you will find __10__ difficult to fall asleep again after waking up.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
语篇解读：文章介绍了几种有助于快速进入睡眠的方法。
1．that 考查同位语从句。设空处引导同位语从句，对thought进行解释说明，从句中不缺少成分，故用that引导。
2．of/about 考查动词短语。think of/about意为“考虑”，符合语境。
3．all 考查冠词。play an important part意为“起重要作用，扮演重要角色”。
4．especially 考查副词。由语境和句子结构可知应填副词especially。
5．to fall 考查非谓语动词。make it＋difficult，easy etc.＋for sb.＋to do sth.中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的不定式短语。
6．fixed 考查形容词。设空处作定语修饰time，fixed意为“固定的，不变的”，符合语境。
7．following 考查现在分词。句意：一旦你开始这样做的话，就会逐渐发现自己在9点的时候就觉得困了。根据语境可知应用following。
8．sleepy 考查形容词。feel为系动词，后接形容词。sleepy“困的”。
9．where 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the room，从句中缺少地点状语，故填关系副词where。
10．it 考查代词it。find it difficult to do sth.，其中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的不定式短语。
Ⅳ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
With the growing popularity of the Internet, more and more children are addicted to play online games day and night. It does harm not only to their health, especial to their eyes, but also to their studies.
Comparing with online games, many traditional games, like hideandseek, benefits kids mentally and physically. They were ever popular to several generations, which not only learned something valuable but also had fun playing the games. Therefore, the games are dying away now.
Personally, I think teachers and parents should take measure to limit their children's Internet time. Let children to know the harm of online games and the benefits of traditional games. Help children judge the healthy and unhealthy games. What's more, we should often organize events for children in which traditional games played.
答案：
With the growing popularity of the Internet, more and more children are addicted to
online games day and night. It does harm not only to their health,
to their eyes, but also to their studies.
with online games, many traditional games, like hideandseek,
kids mentally and physically. They were ever popular
several generations,
not only learned something valuable but also had fun playing the games. ，the games are dying away now.
Personally, I think teachers and parents should take
to limit their children's Internet time. Let children to know the harm of online games and the benefits of traditional games. Help children judge the healthy and unhealthy games. What's more, we should often organize events for children in which traditional games
played.