课时作业(三十二) [选修7 Unit 2 Robots]
[限时：35分钟]
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．There were many talented actors out there just waiting ________.
A．to discover
B．to be discovered
C．discovered
D．being discovered
2．________ in haste, the composition is full of mistakes.
A．Being written
B．Written
C．Having been written
D．Writing
3．Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one ________ first is the library.
A．repaired
B．being repaired
C．repairing
D．to be repaired
4．Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it ________.
A．reusing
B．reused
C．reuses
D．to be reused
5．We are invited to a party ________ in our club next Friday.
A．to be held
B．held
C．being held
D．holding
6．It is everybody's desire that every effort ________ to reduce the pollution in our city.
A．was made
B．be made
C．will be made
D．would be made
7．What a victory ________ those rich and proud women!
A．to envy at
B．to be envied at
C．to envy by
D．to be envied by
8．—Would you do me a favor and give me a ride?
—________.
A．Yes, that's right
B．No trouble
C．Never mind
D．With pleasure
9．She felt ________ about wearing the improper garment in the party.
A．embarrassing
B．embarrass
C．to embarrass
D．embarrassed
10．The instructions to the amusement facilities state that no child shall be, unless ________ by an adult, allowed to operate the machines.
A．accompanied
B．acknowledged
C．accomplished
D．appreciated
11．As long as we persist in spreading scientific knowledge among the masses, all the strange beliefs are ________ to go out of our life.
A．necessary
B．important
C．difficult
D．bound
12．It was the news that two lions had run away from the zoo that ________ the local people.
A．delighted
B．alarmed
C．satisfied
D．inspired
13．The World Expo was like ________ great stage for cultural exchange, bringing people into closer contact with ________ rest of the world.
A．a; /
B．the; /
C．a; the
D．the; the
14．—My mother is preparing my favorite dishes. Go with me and have a taste, okay?
—________.And I'll be glad to meet your parents.
A．I think so
B．I'd love to
C．I'm sure
D．I hope so
15．—Would you please help me with the box?
—________.
A．Yes, please
B．No, please don't
C．With pleasure
D．My pleasure
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
Scientists have created a way to control a robot with signals from a human brain.
By generating the proper brainwaves—picked up by a cap with electrodes(电极)that sense the signals and reflect a person's instructions—scientists can instruct a humanoid robot to move to specific locations and pick up certain objects.
The commands are limited to moving forward, picking up one of two objects and bringing it to one of two locations.The researchers have achieved 94 percent accuracy between the thought commands and the robot's movements.
“This is really a proofofconcept demonstration，”said Rajesh Rao，a researcher from the University of Washington who leads the project.“It suggests that one day we might be able to use semiautonomous robots for such jobs as helping disabled people or performing routine tasks in a person's home.”
The person wearing the electrode cap watches the robot's movement on a computer screen through two cameras installed on and above the robot.
When the robot's cameras see the objects that are to be picked up they pass on the information to the user's computer screen.Each object lights up randomly on the computer screen.When a person wants something to be picked up and it happens to light up，the brain registers surprise and sends this brain activity to the computer and then to the robot as the choice object.The robot then proceeds to pick up the object.
A similar program is used to decide where the robot will go.
“One of the important things about this demonstration is that we're using a ‘noisy’ brain signal to control the robot，”Rao said.“That means we can only obtain brain signals indirectly from sensors on the surface of the head，and not where they are generated deep in the brain.As a result，the user can only generate highlevel commands such as indication which object to pick up or which location to go to，and the robot needs to be autonomous enough to be able to execute such commands.”
In the future，the researchers hope to make the robot more adaptive to the environment by having them carry out more complex commands.
16．What is special about the robot introduced in the passage?
A．It is controlled by human thoughts.
B．It can be made humanoid.
C．It can be used to help the disabled.
D．It has high intelligence itself.
17．Which of the following is TRUE about the robot?
A．It can move forward and backward and pick up two objects at the same time.
B．It can move forward, pick up both objects and bring them to either location.
C．It can only move forward，pick up one object and put it in one location.
D．It can read all human thoughts and do as instructed.
18．What Rao says in the eighth paragraph suggests that the new robot________.
A．is still at its early stage of development
B．will be widely used in our daily routines soon
C．is autonomous enough to complete complex commands
D．is only limited to doing routine work at home
19．The sixth paragraph mainly describes________.
A．how the robot controls a person's action
B．how the robot picks up the right object
C．how the person controls the robot
D．how the robot finds out where to go
B
What can a wide eyed，talking robot teach us about trust? A lot，according to Northeastern psychology professor David DeSteno，and his colleagues，who are conducting a research to determine how humans decide to trust strangers.
The interdisciplinary(跨学科的)research project，funded by the National Science Foundation(NSF)，is being conducted together with Cynthia Breazeal，director of the MIT Media Lab's Personal Robots Group，Robert Frank，an economist，and David Pizarro，a psychologist，both from Cornell.
The researchers are examining whether gestures could affect our trustworthiness judgments. “People tend to mimic(模仿)each other's body language，”said De Steno，“which might help them develop intuitions(直觉)about what other people are feeling.”
This project tests their theories by having humans interact with the social robot，Nexi，in an attempt to judge her trustworthiness. Without knowing the participants，Nexi has been programmed to make gestures while speaking with selected participants—gestures that the team thinks could determine whether or not she's considered trustworthy.
During the first part of the experiment，Nexi makes small talk with them for 10 minutes，asking and answering questions about topics such as traveling，where they're from and what they like most about living in Boston.
“The goal was to create a normal conversation with accompanying movements to see what the mind would intuitively(直觉地)collect about the trustworthiness of another，”said DeSteno.
The participants then play an economic game called “Give Some”，which asks them to determine how much money Nexi might give them at the expense of her individual profit. Meanwhile，they decide how much，if any，they'll give to Nexi. The rules of the game allow for two distinct outcomes：higher individual profit for one and loss for the other，or relatively smaller and equal profits for both partners.
“Trust mightn't be determined by only one gesture，but rather a ‘dance’ that happens between the strangers，which leads them to trust or not trust the other，” said DeSteno，who will continue testing their theories by seeing if Nexi can be taught to predict the trustworthiness of human partners.
20．How many fields does the research involve?
A．Two fields.
B．Three fields.
C．Four fields.
D．Five fields.
21．According to the text, the researchers focused on ________.
A．the writing communication
B．the voice communication
C．the gesturebased communication
D．the online communication
22．According to the text, the first part of the experiment is to ________.
A．create a special conversation
B．intuitively watch the trustworthiness
C．accompany the robot closely
D．play an economic game
23．The underlined word “dance” in the last paragraph means ________.
A．the gestures from each other
B．a kind of entertainment
C．a simple gesture
D．one person's gestures
Ⅲ.短文填词
阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，并将该词完整地写在下边相对应的横线上。所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。
With the development of economy, people have to face __24__(各种各样的) pressures. They don't have enough time to a__25__ to the old people in their family, __26__ has become a serious social problem. To solve this problem，our company put out a household robot __27__(设计)to take care of old people. It could cook meals __28__ fixed time and can be adjusted a__29__ to
individual needs. Besides，it can also deal with __30__(紧急情况). For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly，the robot will call a__31__ for help immediately. What's more, it can accompany old people in activities __32__ having a chat, playing chess and so on. It would be of great help if you o__33__ such a robot.
24．______ 25.______ 26.______ 27.______
28．______ 29.______ 30.______ 31.______
32．______ 33.______
答案
课时作业(三十二)
Ⅰ.1.B 考查非谓语动词。“演员等待被发现”， 用被动， “发现”发生在“等待”之后， 所以用不定式。
2．B 考查非谓语动词。表示被动、已完成，用过去分词作原因状语。句意：由于写得匆忙，作文到处都是错误。
3．D 考查非谓语动词。the one指代前面提到的buildings与repair是动宾关系，由前半句房屋需要修缮可知修缮这个动作发生在need之后，所以用to be repaired。
4．D 考查非谓语动词。句意：现在人们有时把他们的垃圾分开，以便很容易被重复利用。“再利用”是指将来发生的动作，而且是被动的。故选D。
5．A 考查非谓语动词。由next Friday可知时间是将来，party是被举行，故选A。
6．B 考查虚拟语气。desire 后面的从句要用虚拟语气，即should ＋动词原形，其中should可以省略。
7. D 考查非谓语动词。句中省略了it is，补充完整为：What a victory it is to be envied by those…。句意：被富有而又自大的女人所妒忌是一种胜利。
8．D 考查交际用语。with pleasure “乐意地，愉快地”，表示同意。
9．D 考查embarrass的用法。feel在此处用作系动词，后应跟形容词作表语。embarrassing “令人难堪的”；embarrassed “窘迫的，尴尬的”。依据语境应选D。
10．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种娱乐设施的说明指南说，除非由大人陪同，小孩子不可以独立操作器械。accompanied by an adult由大人陪同。
11. D 考查形容词辨析。句意：只要我们坚持在公众中传播科学知识，所有的奇怪的信仰一定会从我们的生活中消失。A意为“必要的，必需的”；B意为“重要的”；C意为“困难的，艰难的”；D意为“注定的”。从语意和搭配看，这里用固定短语be bound to do sth.表示“一定会……”。故选D项。
12．B 考查动词辨析。alarm意为“使警觉，使惊恐，惊动”。句意：两头狮子从动物园跑出来的消息令当地人很惊恐。delight使高兴；satisfy使满足；inspire鼓舞，激励。
13. C 考查冠词用法。句意：世界博览会就像文化交流的一个大舞台，它将全世界的人们紧密联系起来。第一空表泛指，第二空表特指。
14. B 考查交际用语。前句表示提出建议，根据应答句的后一分句可知应答句选B，意思是：我乐意。
15．C 考查交际用语。在英语中对于别人提出的帮助请求，通常用with pleasure(非常乐意)回答，my pleasure用来表示你帮对方做了某事后，别人向你表示感谢后你的回答用语，意思是“这是我乐意做的”。
Ⅱ.A
本文属于科普读物。文章介绍一种通过人的思维来控制机器人以及实验的一些情况。
16．A 细节理解题。文章介绍的这种机器人能够按照人脑所发出的信息去把需要的东西捡起来并把它放到需要的位置，因此其突出特点是能够被人的思维控制。
17．C 细节理解题。从第三段的介绍可知，这种机器人只能向前移动，捡起两个物体中的一个，然后把它放到两个地点中的一个。
18．A 推理判断题。从文章中Rao所说的话推断，这种机器人现在还只能接受一些浅层次的指令，因此还处于发展的初级阶段。
19．B 主旨大意题。第六段主要介绍这种机器人怎样获得信息并把物体捡起来。
B
20．B 细节理解题。第一段提到David DeSteno是心理学教授；第二段提到Cynthia Breazeal属于机器人实验领域；而Robert Frank是经济学家，David Pizarro是心理学家。所以研究总共涉及三个领域。
21．C 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，本次研究中科学家所关注的是手势语对我们信任的判断的影响，而不是其他的交流方式。
22．B 细节理解题。根据第五、六段可知，该试验的第一部分是要在机器人和人之间进行一般的对话，以便直观地看一看彼此之间的信任问题。
23．A 词义猜测题。根据最后一段，彼此的信任不是由单一手势语所决定的，而是由双方之间的手势语互动而决定的，就像两个人的舞蹈一样。
Ⅲ.24.various 25.attend 26.which 27.designed 28.at
29．according 30.emergencies 31.doctor 32.like
33．own