高考英语备考单元知识搜索与探究归纳
Unit12 Fact and fantasy
自助复习板块
知识搜索
A. 单词
1.小说(n.)________________
2.信念;信心;信仰(n.) ________________
3.植物学(n.) ________________
4.仆人;雇员(n.) ________________
5.碰撞;(利益,意见等)冲突(n.) ________________
6.同伴;同伙(n.) ________________
7.俘虏;犯人(n.) ________________
8.大理石(n.) ________________
9.岸;滨(n.) ________________
10.(总称)行李(n.) ________________
11.现象;奇迹(n.) ________________
12.屠夫;屠杀者(n.) ________________
13.踌躇;犹豫(v.) ________________
14.永久的;固定的(adj.) _______________
15.聪明的;杰出的;耀眼的(adj.) _______________
16.可怕的;令人恐惧的(adj.) _______________
答案：1.fiction 2.belief 3.botany 4.servant 5.collision 6.companion 7.prisoner 8.marble 9.shore 10.luggage 11.phenomenon 12.butcher 13.hesitate 14.permanent 15.brilliant16. horribleB. 短语
17.公开地;公然18.素描;速写
19.在不久/遥远的未来
/ ________ ________
20.谋生
21.建立……的基础
22.保护船只免受袭击 the ship______ /
________ ________
23.被一种欲望驱使be
24.日日夜夜
25.对……进行研究
/ ________
26.以直线传播
27.在某种情况下
28.去冒险
29.高八英尺eight
17.in public 18.make a sketch of 19.in the near/far future 20.make a living 21.lay the foundation 22.defend against/from attacks 23.driven by a desire 24.days and nights 25.do research into/on 26.travel in a straight line 27.under certain conditions 28.go on an adventure 29.feet in height
C. 句型
30. People believe that this play was written by Shakespeare.
→________ ________ ________that this play was written by Shakespeare.
31. People thought it was caught by a sea monster.
→________ ________ ________ ________ ________ caught by a sea monster.
32. —Do you believe that we can travel in the near future?
—I
________ ________ (我想是的).30.It is believed 31.It is believed to be 32. believe soD. 语法
用括号中的前缀填空(re, dis-, im-, in-, un)
33. It is _______possible for me to accept your theory without testing it.
34. This cloth would be________ visible to anyone who was _______ fit for the office he held.
35. Though he didn’t win any medals in the last sports meet, he was not _______ couraged.
36. The Temple of Heaven was first built during the Ming Dynasty and later_______ built during the Qing Dynasty.
37. The whole country was ________ united by the founding of the Sui Dynasty in the sixth century.
38. Rose said it was________ fair if Dad gave me a dictionary but gave her only a diary.
答案：33.im 34.in; un 35.dis 36.re37.re 38.un要点1 apply
【例题】 The principle of diligence all undertakings(事业).
A. apply to B. suit to C. fit for D. match with
解析:apply to sth.适用于某事。
答案:A
(1）apply (to s. ) (for sth.)申请；请求
I want to apply for the job.
我想申请这项工作。
(2) apply sth.(to sth.) 应用；运用；适用
Apply all her money to her mortgage.
将她所有的钱都用来付抵押贷款。
(3)adj. applied应用的，实用的
applied science 应用科学
(4)n. application
要点2 condition
【例题】 You can have your bike back that you apologize to me.
A. under the condition
B. on condition
C. in the condition
D. for the condition
解析:on condition that...“倘若……”，固定搭配。
答案:B
(1）(单数形式或不可数名词）状态；处境；地位；身份；健康状况
The car is in very good condition.
这辆汽车情况良好。
The patient’s condition is critical.
病人情况危急。
(2）(可数名词）条件；条款；规定
One of the conditions of the job is that you should be able to drive.
做这项工作的其中一个条件是要会开车。
the terms and conditions of the lease契约的条款和条件
(3)conditions 环境；情况
under existing conditions 在现有情况下
Firemen have to operate in very difficult conditions.
消防队员必须在很困难的情况下工作。
(4)on condition that...在……条件下；倘若……
You can go out on condition that you finish your homework.
如果你把作业做完的话就可以出去玩。
(5)相关短语
be in condition身体很好
be out of condition 身体不适
be in good condition完好无误
make it a condition that...以……为条件
on no condition 绝不要
要点1 throw light upon
【例题】 These discoveries may throw light the origins of the universe.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. for
解析:throw / cast light on sth.“使某事显得非常清楚”，固定搭配。
答案:C
(1）throw/cast light on sth.使某事显得非常清楚
The modern scientific development has throw light on this question.
现代科学的发展已使这个问题明朗化。
Can you throw any light on the problem?
你能把这个问题阐述清楚吗？
(2)in (the) light of sth.鉴于，考虑到
In (the) light of the tragic news we canceled the celebration.
鉴于这个悲伤的消息，我们取消了庆祝。
要点2 set out to
【例题】 On receiving the assignment, we at once.
A. set to work
B. set out to work
C. got down to working
D. all the above
解析:set to do/set out to do/get down to doing都表示开始做某事。
答案:D
(1)set out to do(带着目的）开始做某事
She set out to break the world land speed record.
她决心要打破陆上速度的世界记录。
They succeeded in what they set out to do.
他们打算做的事已经做成了。
(2)set out 出发
She set out at dawn.
她天一亮就动身了。
(3)set off开始(旅行、赛跑等）；使……爆炸
They’ve set off on a journey around the world.
他们已经开始环游世界了。
The slightest spark could set the fireworks off.
稍有火星就能引爆那些烟火。
(4）set s.
off to doing sth.使某人开始做某事
Don’t set him off talking or he’ll go on all evening.
不要让他说话，不然他一谈就是一个晚上。
要点1 I believe...我认为……
【例题】 —Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?
—______.
A. I don’t believe
B. I don’t believe it
C. I believe not so
D. I believe not
解析:believe引导的句子在省略的时候，否定用not代替，肯定用so代替。
答案:D
believe常用的句型有：
(1）It is believed that/People believe that/SB. believe that...
I believe they will arrive shortly.
我想他们马上就到。
(2）believe作“认为”讲时，后面的从句要否定转移到前面；在省略的时候，否定用not代替，肯定用so代替。
I don’t believe he can answer the question.
我相信他回答不了这个问题。
I don’t believe they would win the game.
我认为他们不会赢的。
Is he the best student in the class?
他是班上最聪明的学生吗？
I believe so.
我认为是的。
I believe not./I don’t believe so.
我认为不是的。