2017届高考英语考前冲刺考纲词汇强化人教版选修8 unit 3《Inventors and inventions》课件

　　现在的科技日新月异，各种发明以及高科技产品成为了我们生活中不可缺少的东西，如电脑、笔记本电脑（laptop）、手机(mobile phone)、mp4、数码相机(digital camera)、数码摄影机(DV) 等。请以“My favorite invention”为题，描述你最喜欢的一种发明并说明理由（理由至少有两个方面）。词数在80词左右。 范文背诵 My favorite invention

　　How time flies! We‘re in the 21st century. With the development of science and technology, our life has improved a lot. Many new inventions make our daily life easier and more convenient. Computers, laptops, mobile phones, mp4 and other interesting things have become necessary parts of our life. Among all these things, I like mobile phones best.

　　The most important advantage of mobile phones is that they can help you communicate with your friends and family wherever you go. Because the mobile phone is small, you can easily take it with you. When you are travelling, you can take some pictures. When you are tired and want to relax yourself, you can enjoy music or play games. All these are not be a dream any more if you have a mobile phone.

　　句型背诵 ①Many new inventions make our daily life easier and more convenient. ②The most important advantage of mobile phones is that they can help you communicate with your friends and family wherever you go. ③All these are not be a dream any more if you have a mobile phone.

　　1. _______ n.专利证书；专利权；v.获得专利权 2. _______ vt.&vi. 显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别 → _______ adj. 卓著的；著名的；高贵的 3. _______ adj. 突然的；意外的 → _______ adv. 突然地；唐突地 4. _______ adj. 便利的；方便的；就近的→ _______ n.便利, 方便→ _______ adv. 便利地 5. _______ n. 预料；期待；期望→ _______ vt.期待；预期；盼望 6. _______ vt.&vi. 轻打；轻拍；轻敲；n. 轻轻地敲击（声）；（水）龙头

　　7. _______ n. 金属丝；电线 → _______ adj. 无线的 8. _______n. （水或气）流；电流；adj. 现在的；当前的 → _______adv. 普遍地；通常地

　　9. _______adj. 稳固的；稳定的；安定的→ _______n. 稳定性 10. _______ vt.联想；联系；n.同伴；伙伴→ _______n. 联系；协会 11. _______adj. 实际的；实践的；实用的→ _______adv. 实际上；事实上 答案：1. patent

　　2. distinguish; distinguished

　　3. abrupt; abruptly

　　4. convenient; convenience; conveniently

　　5. expectation; expect

　　6. tap7. wire; wireless8. current; currently

　　9. stable; stability

　　10. associate; association

　　11. practical; practically 1. call________

　　给……打电话 2. now and ________偶尔；有时 3. set ________

　　开始；着手 4. dive ________

　　迅速把手伸入；一心投入 5. set ________(to do)开始（做） 6. hang ________

　　不挂断；紧紧握住；稍等 7 ________ ________ order次序颠倒；发生故障 8. get ________

　　设法联系上（尤指打通电话）；（设法）做完；通过 9. ring ________

　　回复电话 10. ring ________

　　挂断电话 11. ________ case （以防）万一 12. ________ truth

　　的确；事实上 答案：1. up

　　2. then

　　3. about

　　4. into

　　5. out

　　6. on 7. out of

　　8. through

　　9. back

　　10. off

　　11. in

　　12. in 1.______ with some research findings, I decided on three possible approaches ... 经过一番研究准备之后，我决定采用三种可能的方法…… 2. ______ ______ you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before. 当你这样做的时候，你一定会发现你从未见过的东西。 3. Follow it up, explore all around it, ______ ______ ______

　　_______ ______ , you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind. 跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中，你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的头脑。 答案：1. Prepared

　　2. Every time

　　3. and before you know it 1. distinguish vi&vt. 显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别 I can distinguish them at a distance. 从远处我就能认出他们。 She distinguished herself as a black lawyer.

　　她成了一位杰出的黑人律师。 常用结构： distinguish A from

　　B辨别A与B distinguish between...and...辨别……和…… be distinguished by

　　以……为特征 be distinguished for

　　因……而著称 distinguish oneself

　　显扬自己；使自己扬名 用法点拨： distinguish常用于否定句，且常与can或could连用。tell也可以表示“辨认，辨别”，常与can或could连用，主要用于否定句或疑问句中。 【即学即练】 用适当的介词填空 ①Can you distinguish

　　_______ those two objects?

　　②Speech distinguishes human beings ______ the animals.

　　③The Chinese nation is distinguished ________ its diligence and courage. 答案：①between

　　②from

　　③for 单项填空 ④It is not easy to________ cultured pearls from genuine pearls.

　　A. distinguish

　　B. separate C. identity

　　D. recognize 解析：选A。distinguish ... from. 辨别，把……和……区别开；separate...from把……隔开。identity辨别；recognize认出，这两个词后面都不跟from。 2. convenient adj.便利的;方便的;就近的 Please come whenever it is convenient to you.

　　方便的时候,请随时来。 Living in a big city is convenient.住在大城市是方便的。 Will it be convenient for you to come in the morning? 你上午来方便吗？ 常用结构： be convenient to/for sb.对某人方便 It is convenient to do sth.做某事方便 if it suits a person’s convenience如果对某人方便 at your convenience在你方便的时候 for the convenience of sb.为了某人方便 【即学即练】 完成句子 ①你什么时候方便呢？ When is it ______ _______ you?

　　②我们的房子离商店很近。 Our house is very ______ ______ the shops.

　　答案：①convenient for/to

　　②convenient for 单项填空 ③Our new house is very ______ for me as I can get to the office in five minutes.

　　A. adaptable

　　B. comfortable C. convenient

　　D. available 解析:选C。由in five minutes可以看出此处为“便利的，方便的”。故选C。 3. bear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担 Mrs. Ann Bader bears all expenses. 安妮·巴德太太承担一切费用。 He could not bear that his friends should laugh at him.

　　他不能忍受朋友们竟然嘲笑他。

　　常用结构： bear ...in mind

　　记住…… bear with sb./sth.

　　耐心对待，容忍某人/某物 bear doing/sth./to do

　　忍受…… bear sb.’s doing sth.

　　忍受某人做的某事 温馨提示：bear表示“忍受”其后可跟doing sth.表示习惯性动作，也可跟to do sth.表示某一次具体动作，且多与 can, could及be able to连用，用于疑问句或否定句中。作“生产，生育”讲时，有两种过去分词形式：指“出生，出自”时用born,且仅用于被动形式;表示“生育”时用 borne。常见近义词：endure,tolerate,stand等。 【即学即练】 完成句子 ①记住要厉行节约。

　　______ _____ _____ that you’ll have to practice economy.

　　②她受不了他的暴脾气。 She could not ______ _______ his violent temper. 答案：①Bear in mind

　　②bear with

　　单项填空 ③I don’t think our relationship could _______ the strain of her mother visiting for a month.

　　A. bear

　　B. tell

　　C. put up

　　D. hold 解析:选A。bear承受，符合句意。tell区别，告诉；put up 举起，张贴；hold持有。

　　4. call up给……打电话 【联想拓展】 call back

　　召回；回电话；收回处理 call on/at

　　拜访(on后跟人；at后跟地点名词) call for

　　要求，提倡，为……叫喊 call forth

　　使产生；引起；使起作用 call out

　　出动，唤起，大声叫唤 call in

　　召集，召来，来访 call off

　　取消或延期 【即学即练】 完成句子 ①我认为我们最好收回这份声明。 I think we’d better ______ ______ the statement.

　　②我很冒昧这么晚来拜访你。 I have made bold to ______ ______

　　you at such a late hour. ③这张旧照片让我想起了我的童年。 The old photo ______ _______

　　memories of my childhood. ④困境能使一个人产生最好的品格。 A difficult situation can ______ ______

　　a person’s best qualities.

　　答案：①call back

　　②call on

　　③calls up

　　④call forth 5. get through设法联系上（尤指打通电话）；（设法）做完；通过（考试）；耗尽，用完；使理解明白

　　【联想拓展】 get (sth.) across (to sb.)

　　（使某事）传播或为某人理解 get ahead (of sb.)

　　领先（于某人） get on/along with sb./sth.与某人和睦相处,某事取得进展 get away

　　逃离或摆脱

　　get over sth.= overcome克服；战胜 get down to sth./doing sth.开始做某事；重视某事物；

　　认真处理某事 get off

　　动身；免于受罚 【即学即练】 完成句子 ①她与她的同学们相处的很好。

　　She

　　______ ______ ______

　　her classmates very well.

　　②他们吃过午饭马上就动身了。

　　They_______ _______ immediately after lunch.

　　③他加快速度，想要超越其他人。 He speeded up to ______ _______ ______ others. 答案：①gets along with

　　②got off

　　③get ahead of 6. set about sth./doing sth.

　　(不用于被动语态) 开始（某工作）； 着手做某事 【联想拓展】 set sth. aside将某事物放在一边；（为某目的）节省或保 留（钱或时间） set sth. down将某事物记下来 set out

　　出发；开始做；安排；摆放

　　set off

　　开始（旅行、赛跑等）；动身；爆炸

　　set up

　　建立，竖立 【即学即练】 完成句子 ①新政府必须立即找出解决国家经济问题的办法。

　　The new government must _____ ______ finding solutions to the country’s economic problems. ②他开始着手粉刷整幢房子,可是只完成了前面的部分。

　　He _______ _______ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part.

　　③他们出发寻找失踪的孩子。

　　They _______ _______

　　in search of the lost child.

　　答案：①set about

　　②set out

　　③set off 7. The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.（P20） 我先看看有没有能派得上用场的产品，好象只有一些用来杀死蛇的药粉。 在there be结构中，be的人称与数应遵循就近一致原则。 there be常见的形式有：there seems to be...／there happens to be...／there used to be.../there seems (to be)…… There was a bucket of water and two chairs in the corner of the house. 在房子的角落里有一桶水和两把椅子。 There are two chairs and a bucket of water in the corner of the house.在房子的角落里有两把椅子和一桶水。 【即学即练】 完成句子 ①这个孩子好像是健康的，但医生很担心。 The child seems _____ ______

　　healthy, but the doctor is concerned.

　　②这件事在我看来很有趣。 It seems to me ______ there’s something funny about the case. ③看起来他不会来了。 There doesn’t seem _____ ______ much hope that he’ll come.

　　答案：①to be

　　②that

　　③to be 【联想拓展】 seem的归纳总结： ①sth.／sb. seem (to be)+adj.／n.好像 ②It seems that... 似乎，好像…… ③It seems to sb. that... 在某人看来好像…… ④It seems as if／as though... 看起来好像(后可接虚拟语气，也可接表真实的表语从句。) ⑤There seems (to be)…… 好象…… It seems as if it were going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨了。(天气好得很，不会下雨。) It seems as if it is going to rain. 看起来好像要下雨了。(真的快要下雨了。) 8. Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly, which freezes when cooled. （P20） 在碗的内壁和外壁都抹上果冻，这些果冻冷却后会冻结。 when cooled的构成：连词+过去分词，相当于when 引导的状语从句when it is cooled。 如果when／while引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句的主语相同，常可用when／while + 现在分词短语或者过去分词短语的结构来代替。 When offered help, you should say “thank you” or “it’s very kind of you”. =When you are offered help, you should say “thank you” or “it’s very kind of you”. You must be careful when crossing the street. =You must be careful when you cross the street. Seen from the hill, the city is beautiful. =If／When the city is seen from the hill, the city is beautiful. ④Seeing from the hill, you call see that the whole city is beautiful. =If／When you see from the hill, you can see that the whole city is beautiful. 【即学即练】 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 ①Once _______ (publish), this novel will be very popular!

　　② ___________(tell) many times, he still couldn’t understand.

　　③The girls are talking excitedly,_______(follow) their teacher.

　　答案：①published

　　②Having been told

　　③following

　　Ⅰ. 单词拼写 1. I’m sorry, but I don’t know there is an_______(突然的)change of plan. 2. As________(预料), the sales manager gave in his notice at work today. 3. It’s our_________(期望)that you will do well. 4. We should try our best to put the enemy in a _______(被动的)position. 5. As we all know, newspapers influence the________(潮流)of thought. 6. Your books and magazines are almost in a m______; go and put them in order. 7. The football club c________ arranges all the matches. 8. I have heard two v________ of the accident. 9. Illness is a v________ excuse for being absent from work. 10. She t________ me on the shoulder, but I didn’t feel it. 答案：1. abrupt

　　2. expected

　　3. expectation

　　4. passive 5. current

　　6. mess

　　7. committee

　　8. versions 9. valid

　　10. tapped Ⅱ.

　　用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空 call up/now and then/in case/dive into/set out to (do)/ get through/in truth/hang on/out of order/ring off 1. It turned out that the newcomer was _______ a spy. 2. I won’t _______ my brother unless something unexpected happens.

　　3. Please _______. I will go and get her.

　　4. Our freezer is _________ again. We’d better buy a new one instead of repairing it.

　　5. The police ___________ investigate the cause of the fire. 6. Please take your credit card with you ________ your money is not enough.

　　7. She_________

　　her bag and took out a few coins.

　　8. The line is engaged; I cannot ________ to his office.

　　9. I must _________ now because I will go to a meeting.

　　10.________ , I visit my grandpa and grandma in the country.

　　答案：1. in truth

　　2. call up

　　3. hang on

　　4. out of order 5. set out to

　　6. in case

　　7. dived into

　　8. get through 9. ring off

　　10. Now and then

　　Ⅲ.完成句子

　　1. 这一家人搬走了，因为这里经常交通堵塞，孩子上学不方便。 The family moved away, because there are so frequent traffic jams and it isn’t ______ _______

　　children to go to school. 2. 打扫完房间之后，她开始做饭。 Having cleaned the room, she

　　______ ______ preparing the dinner. 3. 这种药的有效期是三年。 The medicine ______ _______

　　for three years. 4. 你最好给他打个电话以防他忘了确切的时间。

　　You’d better ______ him______

　　in case he doesn’t remember the exact time. 5. 他太被动了。事实上，他应该得到这次机会。

　　He is too passive. In truth, he should have had ______ ______ . 6. 她最近一直忙于申请专利的事，没时间打扫房间，所以家里很乱。 She is busy with

　　______ ______ a patent recently, and has no time to tidy her house which is in a mess now. 7. 他正在整理文件，所以决定一会给他的朋友回电话。 He was sorting out files, so he decided to _____ his friend_____

　　later. 8. 他现在发言是十分合适的。 It’ll be quite _____ _______

　　for him to speak now. 9. 电梯出故障了。 The elevator is

　　______ ______ ______ . 10. 他阅读了有关这个案件的全部卷宗。 He read all the _______ ______

　　the case. 答案：1. convenient for

　　2. set about

　　3. is valid 4. call；up

　　5. the chance

　　6. applying for

　　7. ring；back 8. in order

　　9. out of order

　　10. files on Ⅳ. 单项填空 1. When I walked past the street and saw the children playing happily, their happy laughter ______ memories of my childhood.

　　A. called in

　　B. called for

　　C. called on

　　D. called up 解析：选D。句意为：当我走过街道，看见孩子们快乐的玩耍。他们欢快的笑声唤起了我儿时的记忆。call in召集，召来，来访；call for要求；提倡；为……叫喊；call on号召；呼吁；邀请；call up召唤；使想起；提出；打电话给。 2. He was left out when they ______ choosing a new manager, which came as a complete surprise to him.

　　A. set out

　　B. set about

　　C. set off

　　D. set up 解析：选B。set out和set about都有“开始；着手”的意思。set out后跟不定式，而set about后跟v.-ing。 set off 动身；引爆，set up建立。 3. We all write _____ even when there is not much to say. A. now and then

　　B. by and by

　　C. step by step

　　D. more or less 解析：选A。句意为：尽管我们没有什么要说的，但我们都时不时地写点东西。now and then偶尔，有时；by and by逐渐地；渐 渐地； step by step逐步地； more or less多多少少。 4. We should _______ right _______ wrong. A. distinguish; by

　　B. distinguish; for

　　C. distinguish; from

　　D. distinguish; to 解析：选C。distinguish...from意思是“把……从……中辨别出来”。 5. —She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing and dancing.

　　—________. A. So I am

　　B. So it is with my sister C. So am I

　　D. Neither do I 解析：选B。so和nor都可以表达“也是如此”，但是当前面的句子既有肯定形式，也有否定形式的时候，表达“也是如此”时用so it is with...的搭配。 6. The train came to an

　　_______ stop, making many passengers fall off their seats. A. abruptly

　　B. suddenly

　　C. surprised

　　D. abrupt 解析：选D。abrupt在这里相当于sudden，为形容词作定语。 7. —When could you have a meal with me? —I’d like to go whenever it is_______

　　to you. A. fit

　　B. nice

　　C. convenient

　　D. suit 解析：选C。be convenient to sb.意为“某人方便”。其他选项中，fit合适的；nice好的；suit为动词或名词，意为“合适”，均不符搭配及句意。 8. It’s your decision-you must _____ the responsibility if things go wrong. A. bear

　　B. take down

　　C. put up with

　　D. stand 解析：选A。bear承担责任；take down取下；put up with和stand表示“忍受”。由句意可知，选A。 9. Mrs Black isn’t in and I’ll have to ring ______ . I would appreciate it if you ring _____ after 6 o’clock. A. off; back

　　B. up; off C. out; up

　　D. back; off 解析：选A。第一空表示“挂断（电话）”，第二空表示“再打过来”。 10. Unfortunately the restaurant he recommended fell short of our______ .

　　expectations

　　B. advantages

　　C. opportunities

　　D. contributions 解析：选A。fall short of意思是“达不到”。句意为：不幸的是，他推荐的饭店达不到我们的期望。

　　11. —Have you_______ ? —No. I had the wrong number. A. got in

　　B. got away

　　C. got off

　　D. got through 解析：选D。考查动词短语辨析。get in插话，收割；get away离开，走开；get off下车；get through接通电话，完成，通过。由句意可知，选D。 12. A great person is always putting others interests

　　his own. A. below

　　B. above

　　C. in

　　D. on 解析：选B。考查介词的用法。put other’s interests above

　　one’s own意思是：把别人的利益放在自己的利益之上。 13. News came from the school office

　　______ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. A. which

　　B. what

　　C. that

　　D. where 解析：选C。考查名词性从句的用法。在该题中that引导了一个同位语从句来解释说明news的内容，由于该题把同位语从句后置了，所以不要由于不能正确分析句子结构而错误选择了D项。 14. —There is only three days left, but we still have a pile of

　　papers to deal with. —Don’t worry. We have already ______ two thirds of them after all. A. got over

　　B. got through C. given up

　　D. given away 解析：选B。get through 通过，完成。此句意为：不要担心，我们毕竟已经完成了三分之二。 15. —I wonder ______ you’ll water this kind of flower.

　　—Every other day. A. how often

　　B. how long

　　C. how soon

　　D. how much

　　解析：选A。考查相似疑问词的区别。根据答语“Every other day”可知对方问的是多久浇一次这种花。how often询问频率，符合题意。