2016届湖北武汉高考英语阅读理解二轮基础训练（30）（含答案）

　　2016年湖北武汉高考英语阅读理解二轮基础训练（30）（含答案）

　　【2016高考训练】阅读理解—推理判断题。

　　The word proactivity is fairly common in management literature, but you won｀t find it in the dictionary. It means that as a human being you take responsibility for your own life.

　　Look at the word responsibility: ability to choose your response, response-ability. Effective people are proactive because they take responsibility. Their behavior is a product of their own decisions, based on values, rather than being a product of their own conditions, based on feelings. For instance, you are planning a picnic with your family. You｀re excited. You have all the preparations, You've decided where to go, and then it becomes stormy, killing your plan. Proactive people carry weather within them. They realize what their purpose really was, and they creatively have a picnic elsewhere even if it's in their own basement with some special games, and make the best of that situation. The opposite of being proactive is to be reactive. Reactive people would say, “What's the use?””We can't do anything.” “Oh this is so upsetting after all of our preparations and arrangements.” They try to persuade the people around them and usually the picnic will be cancelled.

　　Being proactive is really just being true to your human nature. Your basic nature is to act, and not to be acted upon. That's true, despite widely accepted theories of determinism used to explain human nature. Determinism says that you don't really choose anything and that what you call choices are nothing more than automatic responses to outside conditions.

　　The language of reactive people is lie:”I can't .” “Don't have time.”” I have to .” I must.” The whole spirit of that language is the transfer of responsibility. They think things are determined by their environment, or by their conditions, or by their conditioning or their genetic makeup. Psychologically, people who believe they are determined will produce the evidence to support the belief, and they increasingly feel victimized and out of control. They're not in charge of their life at all.

　　On the contrary, a proactive person exercises free will, the freedom to choose the response that best applies to his values. In that way, he gains control over the circumstances, rather than being controlled by them.

　　According to the passage, a proactive person's behavior can result from

　　.

　　The environment

　　B. an inner belief

　　C. the genetic makeup

　　D. a temporary feeling

　　2. When a picnic plan is threatened by a sudden storm, reactive people will probably

　　.

　　A. have the picnic as planned

　　B. make the best of the picnic

　　C. complain and give up the picnic

　　D. find somewhere else for the picnic

　　3. What does” carry weather within them” in the second paragraph probably mean?

　　A. Manage to improve the weather.

　　B. Give in to the weather passively.

　　C. Stress the influence of the weather.

　　D. Find a solution to the weather problems.

　　4. It can be concluded from the passage that determinists(宿命论者)

　　.

　　A. accept things passively

　　B. are in charge of themselves

　　C. are similar to proactive people

　　D. respond to outside conditions actively

　　语篇解读

　　本文主要介绍了积极的人和消极的的之间的区别，例如在遇到天气不好野餐计划搁浅的时候，积极的人会想办法进行野餐，而消极的人却由周围的环境左右其决定。

　　B 细节理解题。根据第三段Being proactive is really just being true to your human nature. You basic nature is to act, and not to be acted upon. 可知，积极主动是按照天性来做最真正的自己。人的本性是行动，而不是任人摆布。可知一个积极的人，他的行动源于他的内心和本性。故选B。

　　C 细节理解题。根据第二段They try to persuade the people around them and usually the picnic will be cancelled. 可知，消极的人会试图说服他们周围的人并最后取消野餐。

　　D 推理判断题。根据下文They realize what their purpose really was, and they creatively have a picnic elsewhere even if it's in their own basement with some special games 可知，当环境不得于计划的时候，积极的人会创造性的想出解决方法，达到目的。

　　A 推理判断题。 根据第四段They think things are determined by their environment, or by their conditions, or by their conditioning or their genetic makeup. 可知，消极的人认为事情是由环境决定的。又根据第二段野餐的例子可知，消极的人在面对计划不得不改变时，他们会抱怨但接受现实，而不会想办法去创造机会实现目标。

　　2016高考训练题----阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。As we know, Julian Beever is an international well-known sidewalk chalk artist whose drawings have appeared on the streets of London, Buenos Aires, Paris, New York, and countless other cities around the world. Beever creates drawings that look completely three- dimensional when seen from the correct angle.

　　Now, in his book, Pavement chalk artist: The three-dimensional drawings of Julian Beever, the artist shares some of his most fascinating and humorous pieces, Here are a few examples you’ll find in the book.

　　●Philadelphia eagle

　　In Pennsylvania, Beever created “Philadelphia

　　eagle ”a huge drawing with an eagle landing

　　successfully on an American national flag.

　　●Meeting Mr. Frog

　　“Meeting Mr. Frog” was created in Salamanca, Spain, and is about a realistic-looking frog sitting on a Lily pad.

　　●Swimming pool in the high street

　　My personal favorite is “Swimming pool in

　　the high street” from Brussels, which is about

　　a woman relaxing in a swimming pool-----a swimming

　　pool sunk into the middle of the street, that is!

　　Along with an introduction about his background, Beever includes

　　a description of the techniques he used and the challenges he overcame with every drawing. He shares information about his time at home in the UK. and abroad; there is a fun story to back up each piece of art.

　　Beever’s artwork is truly jaw drooping. You’re sure to spend ages turning the leaves back and forth, surprised at how one man can create what looks like a three-dimensional design on a flat surface with just a bit of chalk. From animals to superheroes to famous buildings, the paintings are a wonder to lay eyes on.

　　＊Payment chalk artist: The three-dimensional drawings of Julian Beever is surely worth a look. And another look. This 112-page hardcover book is available now from Firefly Books at a list price of $ 29.95

　　What do we know about the book mentioned in the text?

　　A. It has a paper cover.

　　B. It hasn’t been published.

　　C. It includes some drawing techniques.

　　D. It’s a biography of Julian Beever.

　　30. What does the underlined part “ jaw dropping” most probably mean?

　　A. Romantic.

　　B. Amazing.

　　C. Frightening

　　D. Depressing.

　　31. We can infer that the text is ______.

　　A. a book review.

　　B. a description of street art.

　　C. an advertisement for a new book.

　　D. an introduction to an artist.

　　参考答案29-31:CBC

　　2016高考训练题----阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。People are being lured (引诱) onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service without realizing they’re paying for it by giving up large amounts of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.

　　Most Facebook users don’t realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea what they’re paying for Facebook because people don’t really know what their personal data is worth.

　　The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on, you keep everything private. That was the great thing about facebook — you could create your own little private network. Last year, the company changed its privacy rules so that many things — your city, your photo, your friends' names—were set, by default (默认) to be shared with everyone on the Internet.

　　According to Facebook’s vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people don’t share information, they have a “less satisfying experience”.

　　Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. Its original business model, which involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the page, totally failed. Who wants to look at ads when they’re online connecting with their friends?

　　The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April, Senator(议员) Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites. “I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits.

　　I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy is only the beginning, which is why I’m considering deactivating(撤销) my account. Facebook is a handy site, but I’m upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don’t know. That’s too high a price to pay.

　　32. What do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph?

　　A. It is a website that sends messages to targeted users.

　　B. It makes money by putting on advertisements.

　　C. It provides loads of information to its users.

　　D. It profits by selling its users’ personal data.

　　33. Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage?

　　A. To provide better service to its users. 　

　　B. To follow the Federal guidelines.

　　C. To improve its users’ connectivity.

　　D. To expand its scope of business.

　　34. What does Senator Charles Schumer advocate?

　　A. Setting guidelines for advertising on websites.

　　B. Banning the sharing of users’ personal information.

　　C. Removing ads from all social-networking sites.

　　D. Formulating(制订) regulations for social-networking sites..

　　35. Why does the author plan to cancel his Facebook account?

　　A. He is dissatisfied with its current service.

　　B. He doesn’t want his personal data abused.

　　C. He finds many of its users untrustworthy.

　　D. He is upset by its frequent rule changes.

　　参考答案32-35: DADB

　　社会生活类。

　　Blogging may have psychological（心理的）benefits for teens suffering from social anxiety, improving their self-esteem（自尊）and helping them relate better to their friends, according to the new research published by the American Psychological Association. "Research has shown that writing a personal diary and other forms of expressive writing is a great way to reduce emotional stress and just feel better," said the study's lead author, Meyran Boniel-Nissim, PhD, of the University of Haifa, Israel."Teens are online anyway, so blogging enables free expression and easy communication with others."

　　Blogging has a stronger positive effect on troubled students' well-being than merely expressing their social anxieties and concerns in a private diary, according to the article published online in the APA journal Psychological Services.Opening the blog up to comments from the online community strengthens those effects.

　　The researchers randomly surveyed high school students in Israel,who had agreed to fill out a questionnaire about their feelings on the quality of their social relationships. A total of 161 students -- 124 girls and 37 boys, with an average age of 15 -- were selected because their scores on the survey showed they all had some level of social anxiety or stress. All the teens reported difficulty in making friends or relating to the friends they had. The researchers assessed the teens' self-esteem, everyday social activities and behaviors before, immediately after and two months after the 10-week experiment.

　　Four groups of students were assigned to blog. Two of those groups were told to focus their posts on their social problems, with one group opening the posts to comments; the other two groups could write about whatever they wanted and, again, one group opened the blog up to comments. The number and content of comments were not evaluated for this experiment. The students could respond to comments but that was not required. Two more groups acted as controls—either writing a private diary about their social problems or doing nothing. Participants in the writing and blogging groups were told to post messages at least twice a week for 10 weeks.

　　Four experts, who held master's or doctoral degrees in consulting and psychology, assessed the bloggers' social and emotional condition by way of their blog posts. Students were assessed as having a poor social and emotional state if they wrote a lot about personal problems or bad relationships or showed evidence of low self-esteem.

　　Self-esteem, social anxiety, emotional stress and the number of positive social behaviors improved significantly for the bloggers when compared to the teens who did nothing and those who wrote private diaries.Bloggers who were instructed to write specifically about their difficulties and whose blogs were open to comments improved the most. All of these results agreed with the two month follow-up.

　　The authors admitted that the skewed（有偏向的）sex rate was a limitation to the study. However, the researchers analyzed the results separately by sex and found that boys and girls reacted similarly to the experiment and there were no major differences. They said future research should attempt to control the subjects for sex.

　　50．The selection of students for the experiment was largely based on.　

　　　 A．their social relationships　 B．their self-esteem

　　　 C．their problems in social life　D．their willingness to fill out a question naire

　　51．What’s the function of“controls” (Paragraph 4) in the experiment?

　　　 A．To write down some social problems in a private diary.

　　　 B．To post messages to the blog and respond to comments.

　　　 C．To help evaluate the number and content of blog comments.

　　　 D．To offer a comparison for checking the experimental result.

　　52．From the experiment we can know that　.

　　　 A．writing private diaries makes no difference to the relief of one’s emotional stress

　　　 B．teenagers opening their blogs up to comments have more psychological benefits

　　　 C．the positive effects of expressing one’s emotions by blogging don’t last very long

　　　 D．those describing bad relationships on blogs tend to develop more mental problems

　　53．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

　　　 A．The authors insisted that all the research findings were accurate.

　　　 B．Sexrate had been taken into account before the survey was conducted.

　　　 C．The authors were intended to improve the experiment in the future.

　　　 D．Similar reactions of boys and girls indicated the failure of the experiment.

　　54．What is the main idea of thepassage?

　　　 A．Blogging can help reduce social stress and anxiety.

　　　 B．The research into blogging attracts public attention.

　　　 C．Blogging provides a simple way for communication.

　　　 D．Blog comments have a positive effect on teenagers.

　　【参考答案】79.CDBCA