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四级翻译部分为汉译英,共5个句子,一句一题,句长为15-30词,句中的一部分已用英文给出,考生需根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语,考试时间5分钟。翻译题重点考察考生对语法结构及常用英语表达习惯的掌握情况。若考生语法功底较好且句型和词组储备丰富,那么此题不会太为难。和作文相比,翻译虽只是个把句子,但来路不明难以猜测。作文尚可背诵模板以备执笔急需之用,而翻译则全无,它微小零星却锋利难防,并将考生模板式作文的画皮扯下,暴露其撰句能力的真实面目,所以令人可畏。
根据近几年的翻译真题来看,针对某项语法重复考察率比较高,所以对曾经考察过的语法点依然不可松懈。下面所提一些重点语法项目,并提出一些建议,希望对大家的备考有所帮助。
1、句型以及其倒装使用
2008年6月翻译真题第91题:
__________________________did he realize that he was seriously ill.
建议:以此类推,掌握如下常用句型(以倒装方式给出)
Not only ..but also
So that..
Not until.
Neither..nor..
Hardly ..when..
No sooner than.
Only by /through /in .,
例:Not only __________ but he didnt do a good repair. (key:did he charge me too much)
2、从句
a. 定语从句
2008年12月翻译真题第87题:
Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _________________ (Key :which/that they havent found answers to)
b. 状语从句
真题中出现过如if 条件状语从句(2007 年6月第 91题),no matter引导的让步状语从句(2007年12月第89题 和2008年6月第89题)
建议:关于定语从句,到目前为止所考察的均为关系代词which/ that等所引导的,所以考生需额外留意关系副词where/ when/how 所引导的定语从句。对于状语从句,继续复习如时间状语从句,方式状语从句,因果状语从句等其他类状语从句。除却定语从句,状语从句外,名词性从句也需加强,如宾语从句(特别注意wish/ would rather 引导的宾语从句中虚拟样式),表语从句,同位语从句甚至主语从句。
3、非谓语动词
a. 分词做伴随状语
2008年6月第90题:______________ this town is more prosperous and exciting.
注意,答案中除过去分词(compared with )做伴随外,还含有where引导的定语从句。
b. 动词不定式做目的状语
2006年6月第88题
_____________,Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.
建议:由于非谓语动词除分词和动词不定式外,还包括动名词,但尚未考察过,所以考生有必要预备非谓语动词之动名词情况。
4、其他类语法。如:虚拟语气,比较级,情态动词。
5、常用词组:尤其是动介词组,如adapt to ., have trouble doing , be likely to do. , attribute to..等类似样式。
作文是表达自己,可以随心所愿,而翻译是表达别人,被动且受制。学习翻译,尝试放下过分的自我,顺服接受,反而会行得更容易些。
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