职称英语综合类A级阅读理解习题精解(1)

　　阅读理解 　　下面有3篇短文，每篇幅短文后有5道题，每题材后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择一个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 　　Technology Transfer in Germany 　　When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success, few nations can match Germany. Since the 1940s, the nations vast industrial base has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science. And though German prosperity has faltered over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline, it still has an enviable record for turning ideas into profit. 　　Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought-after technologies. But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition. Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer, and technology parks are springing up all over. These efforts are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies. 　　Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success, but it is not without its critics. These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic science, eventually starving industry of fresh ideas. If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur, the argument goes, then the traditional principles of university research being curiosity-driven, free and widely available will suffer. Others claim that many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years. 　　While this debate continues, new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germanys research networks, which bear famous names such as Helmholtz, Max Planck and Leibniz. Yet it is the fourth network, the Fraunhofer Society, that plays the greatest role in technology transfer. 　　Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now Europes largest organisation for applied technology, and has 59 institutes employing 12, 000 people. It continues to grow. Last year, it swallowed up the Heindch Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin. Today, there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia. 　　31 What factor can be attributed to German prosperity? 　　A Technology transfer. 　　B Good management. 　　C Hard work. 　　D Fierce competition. 　　32 Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research? 　　A It is free. 　　B It is profit-driven. 　　C It is widely available. 　　D It is curiosity-driven. 　　A Asia. 　　B USA. 　　C Europe. 　　D Africa. 　　34 When was the Fraunhofer Society founded? 　　A In 1940. 　　B Last year. 　　C Afterthe unification. 　　D In 1949. 　　35 The word expertise in line 3 could be best replaced by 　　A experts. 　　B scientists. 　　C scholars. 　　D special knowledge. 　　31. A　　32. B　　33. C　　34. D　　35. D 　　31. A 文章的第一段第一句说在把基本研究成果成功的应用到工业领域方面，几乎没有那个国家能和德国相提并论。还可以结合第一段最后一句话理解可知答案选A, 德国的繁荣主要是把科学技术应用到了工业领域 　　32. B 根据文章第三段第三句话，可知答案选B。 　　33. C 文章最后一段第一句话提供了答案。 　　34. D 同上，从文章最后一段第一句话可找到答案。 　　35. D 文中说科学领域源源不断的新思想和expertise, 所以它的意思应该与新思想是同类的东西。而且experts是指专家，能手; scientists是指科学家;scholars是指学者，奖学金获得者。所以答案选D。