laugh,laughter
这两个词都表示笑的意思,但涵义和使用场合有所不同。它们的区别如下:
(一)laugh可以用作动词和名词;laughter只能用作名词。
(二)用作名词时,laugh是可数名词,可以用a修饰,也可以有复数形式;laughter是不可数名词,不能用a修饰,也没有复数形式。
(三)laugh是通过转词法(conversion)由动词to laugh转变而来;laughter是通过词缀法(affixation)由动词to laugh派生而来。
(四)laugh的词义比较具体,指某一次或某一个具体的行动;laughter的词义比较一般,通常只表达抽象的概念。
下面先看两个laugh的例句:
He laughed a loud laugh.
他大笑一声。
We laughed at the enemies for their timidity and incapacity.
我们嘲笑敌人的胆怯和无能。
They have had a good many laughs over his foolishness.
他们曾多次嘲笑他愚蠢。
下面是 laughter的例句:
His jokes sent everybody roaring with laughter.
他的笑话使每个人捧腹大笑。
As they listened to my story,they gave a laugh from time to time;I dont know how my story caused so much laughter.
他们一边听我讲故事,一边不时地哈哈大笑;我真不懂我的故事为什么这么好笑。
在此句中,laugh和laughter用在一起,我们可从中看到 laugh之前可以加a,词义比较具体;laughter是不可数名词,词义比较抽象。
请注意,laughing是动名词,其后也不能加-s,它强调笑的动作。例:
I nearly died of laughing!
我几乎笑得要死!
It is no laughing matter.
此事不可言笑。(意指此事非儿戏,是正经事)
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