We have seen everyone besides Toms father.
这句话是除了汤姆的父亲外,我们还见过其他的人。
如果把这话误解为:除了(没见过)汤姆的父亲,其他的人我们都见过了,那么就大错特错了。反面这个意思应该这样表达:
We have seen everyone than Toms father.
须知介词besides的含义等于in addition to或as well as。连词than的意思有如介词except。例如:
(1) John was left with no choice than to quit.
(除了离开,约翰别无其他选择。)
再比较下列两个句子就更清楚了:
(2) Besides rice, the farmers have produced peanuts.
(3) They have gathered all the crops except / than corns.
上述(2) 的意思是(除了米之外,农夫还生产花生。)(3)的意思却是除了玉蜀黍之外,他们把其他农作物收割了。
由上面几个例子看,besides和except / than是不同义的,但是besides如果出现在否定句或疑问句里,意思就和except相同了。例如:
(4) I have no other option besides this one.
(5) Some people care for nothing besides their money.
(6) What can we do besides obeying ?
这三个句子里的besides都可由except取代之。
由此可见,同一个字词,在肯定句和否定句中的意思会有转变。
与besides , except一样,until这个字也有类似的麻烦,常常令初学英语的人感到头疼。看看下面例子(7)的意思是(7a)还是(7b)呢?
(7)We slept until midnight.
a.我们到半夜才睡觉。
b.我们一直睡到半夜(才醒)。
显然(7a)是错的;(7b)才正确。
(7a)的英语句子应该是:
(8)We didnt sleep until midnight.
为什么呢?原因是until在肯定句中表示一个动作的终结,如例(7b),又如例(9):
(9) Madam Lin slept until her son came home.
Until在否定句中才表示一个动作的开始,如例(8),又如例(10):
(10) Madam Lin did not sleep until her son came home.
这些句子里的until都可以由till取代。要注意的是until可以在句前出现,till就不可以了,因此(11)是对的,(12)是错的:
(11) Until last year, Peter was working for ABC Corporation.
*(12) Till last year, Peter was working for ABC Corporation.
纵上所述,我们知道,同一个词语的意思会随肯定句和否定句而改变词义。幸好这类词语不多,巧遇时稍微留意便行了。
The Person Im Thankful To 我感激的一个人
体坛英语资讯:Ex-boss Liu Guoliang returns after 15-month leave from Chinese table tennis
体坛英语资讯:Hong Kong-Sanya sailing competition to kick off in October
美国和英国居然有不少人相信地球是平的
国内英语资讯:China Focus: 40 years on, Xiaogang still testbed of Chinas rural reform
国内英语资讯:Chinese premier arrives in Netherlands for official visit
国际英语资讯:Iran defies possible impacts of U.S. impending oil sanctions
青海省试种花生首次获得成功
国际英语资讯:News Analysis: In Gaza, possibilities for truce, war are equal
国际英语资讯:UAE issues law to develop local sovereign bond market
这些历史事件居然是同时发生?我已凌乱
From Small to Big 以小见大
体坛英语资讯:Knicks All-Star Porzingis not sure about recovery time
双语阅读:为什么更多的美国人搬到较小城市
智能音响花式吓坏主人!笑到吐血....
国际英语资讯:Cambodia allows U.S. to resume search for remains of American soldiers missing during Vietna
体坛英语资讯:Cameroon International Cycling Tour kicks off in Douala
国际英语资讯:Syrias gates to neighboring countries start opening after years of isolation
如何避免食物浪费?
国际英语资讯:Construction of Russian industrial zone in Egypt underway: Russian FM
眼膜真的有效果么?国外专家告诉你!
体坛英语资讯:Indonesian racer wins second stage at Tour de Banyuwangi
体坛英语资讯:Raptors star Leonard focusing on present, not future
国际英语资讯:Hillary Clintons security clearance revoked at her request
国内英语资讯:Party building to be strengthened in political advisory bodies
体坛英语资讯:Four things we learned from Spains matchday 6
About the Scenery 关于风景
国内英语资讯:Roundup: China, Belgium see rapid growth in science, technology ties
One Minute 一分钟
国内英语资讯:Chinese premier meets Dutch king, calls for more cooperation
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |