有效的句子要有重点,并且要突出重点。
句子的重点可以通过下列方法,加以突出:
1. 把重点摆在句首或句尾。
一般而论,最显眼的位置是在句尾,其次是在句首,中间的位置最平淡,乏善可陈。例如:
(1) Incorrect grammar and improper construction invariably distract readersattention.
(2) The history of vocabulary is, in many ways, the record of civilisation.
把重点放在句尾是种吊胃口的方法,读者或听者非得读完或听完整句不可。
2. 在复杂句里,把主句放在从句之后。
除了名词从句和形容词从句之外,因为它们位置较固定,副词从句中有几种的位置灵活,可以在主句之前出现,也可以跟在主句之后。通常我们就把这样的副词从句提前,重点则放在后头的主句,如(3b):
(3a) I came upon an old classmate when I went to town yesterday.
(3b) When I went to town yesterday, I came upon an old classmate.
副词短语更是如此,如 (4b):
(4a) Steel is commonly used to make knives, razors and other useful tools because of its durability.
(4b) Beacuse of its durability, steel is commonly used to make knives,razers and other useful tools.
3. 把较重要或有分量的词语放在后头,如(5b)和(6b):
(5a) I was delighted and amused by the classical opera
(5b) I was amused and delighted by the classical opera.
(6a) That singers life was tragic and brief.
(6b) That singers life was brief and tragic.
4. 把句子中一系列的项目作逻辑性的排列。例如:
(7) Tony ate his dinner, watched TV, and then went to bed.
(8) Were you bored with years of study in elementary school, high school and institute of higher education?
5. 必要时,重复重要的语词或概念。
例如:
(9) Jackie enjoys the company of ladies. He likes their beauty, he likes their delicacy, he likes their vivacity, and he likes their silence.
(10) the land stretched out without names. Nameless headlands split the surf; nameless lakes reflected the nameless mountains and nameless rivers flowed through nameless valleys and nameless bays.
6. 尽量用主动说态,因此(11b)比(11a)好:
(11a) A pedestrian was struck on the head by a flying stone.
(11b) A flying stone struck a pedestrian on the head.
7. 适当时候,可用倒装句和平行句,如:
(12) Seven dwarfs lived here in the centre of the dark forest. Here, in the centre of the dark forest lived seven dwarfs.
(13) Severity breeds fear; roughness breeds hatred.
(14) Honesty recommends that I speak; self-interest demands that I remain silent.
养老金将实行“城乡并轨”
中国的“核安全观”
河北保定“政治副中心”说被否认
朝韩“离散家属会面”
东莞扫黄重打“保护伞”
腾讯入股点评造O2O生态圈
政府晒“权力清单”
中国发放“R字签证”吸引外国人才
河南清理“上访训诫中心”
400余名学生疑喝“桶装水”中毒
人民币兑美元“汇率波幅”扩大
向前女友索还“彩礼”案增多
北京地铁内将禁止“乞讨卖艺”
马年新春“微信红包”满天飞
今年流行“半成品年夜饭”
索契“故障五环T恤”热卖
“转基因奶牛”将入市
加大“扫黄”力度 积极培育“价值观”
玉兔“故障”
闲话“中山装”
政协建议将“体育考试”纳入高考
11月“新增人民币贷款”超预期或引发信贷紧缩
加拿大叫停“投资移民”
斯诺登当选格拉斯哥大学“学生校长”
“索契冬奥会”开幕
南京“慰安所”旧址将改造为历史陈列馆
中国“花样滑冰团体赛”遭遇挑战
“烟花爆竹”销售遇冷
“互联网金融”火爆
俄呼吁冲突各方“奥林匹克休战”
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