上一期谈到了带s和不带s的字,并举了beside和 besides说明两个字不同之处。
这里再举出另外两个容易混淆的常用字,以进一步说明有s 和没有s字眼的差异。
这两个字是sometime和sometimes。
Sometime是个时间副词,意思是在某时期。这个字通常和日期或时间连用,出现在句子后半部, 用来固定本来不肯定的时间或日期。例如:
① The accident happened sometime last month.
② Let us discuss the matter sometime next week.
Sometimes是个频率副词(adverb of frequency),意思和 occasionally,或from time to time甚接近,就是有时候或偶尔之意。
Sometimes和sometime不但意思不同, 所处的位置也不一样。
Sometimes可以在下列三处出现:
⒈句首,如:
③ Sometimes, I didnt feel like working.
⒉接系动词be之后,如:
④ The new manager was sometimes very hot-tempered.
⒊动词前,如:
⑤ They sometimes stayed up until 2 oclock.
从这三个例子看,sometime和sometimes不但意思不同, 所处的位置也大相径庭。
就用途来说, sometime的用途广些。除了表示在某时期 这意思之外,它也含有任何时候的意义,如:
⑥ Come over and see me sometime.
这里的sometime,可以用anytime代替,即:
⑦ Come over and see me anytime.
此外,sometime可以当形容词用,意思是以前的,如:
⑧ Dr Chen, a sometime lecturer of chemistry, is now a big company director.
这里的sometime不妨以另外一个形容词former或前缀 ex-来取代:
⑨ Dr Chen, a former lecturer of chemistry, is now a big company director.
⑩ Dr Chen, an ex-lecturer of chemistry, is now a big company director.
在结束本文之前,必须指出一点,就是sometime和some time的意思不同。Sometime是在某时期:some time 是一段时间,如:
11. All of us have studied English for some time.
12. Betty has been grumbling for some time.
13. Please give me some time to think over your proposal.
14. Do you have some time now? I want to talk to you.
由于 sometimes, sometime和 some time 各有不同的意思,在同句里出现可以和平共处、相安无事:
15. Sometimes, I spent some time reading a sometime English lecturers novel written sometime in 1996. (有时,我花了些时间阅读前英语讲师在 1996 年某时期所撰写的一本小说)
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