在英语词类中,连接词可说是最容易掌握的一种。
从结构上说,英语连接词分两大类:并列连词(coordinating conjunctions)和从属连词(subordinating conjunctions)。
并列连词连接两个或两个以上地位平等的字、词组或分句。例如:(1) Air and water are indispensable to me.
(2) She likes going out with friends or playing outdoor games.
(3) Most workers have a good income, so they look very happy.
从属连词连接两个或两个以上的分句,形成复杂句中的从属分句。例如:
(4) He said that he did not want to go .
(5) Many things have happened since I last saw him.
(6) You may come if you want to.
上述连词的用法,看起来不难,但错误也难免。下面是些好例子:
(1) This book may be used both as a text as well as a reference book.
这里的as well as和both不能搭配,应该将as well 改为and,使bothand变成关联连词( correlative conjunction)
(2) He not only speaks Mandarin but also English.
这里的not only应该移到speaks后面,使这个动词兼顾两个等立宾语:Mandarin和English。
(3) Although he is fat, but he is very weak.
英语里的although和but是不见面的 ,因此这句里的 but要去掉,不然although就要出来。
(4) Jim is not so strong like you.
这里的not so必须和as连成一体;介词like是不适宜的。
(5) No sooner had we reached our destination, they left.
No sooner必须和than 配成关联连词,把than 省掉是不对的,应该补上:
No sooner had we reached our destination than they left.
这句子的意思也可透过as soon as反映出来:
As soon as we reached our destination, they left.
(6) I took a taxi and which took me to the station.
这里的并列连词and是多余的,必须去掉。如果要保留and 也可,但是形容词分句里的关系代词Which要改成主语it ,使整个句子变成并列分句如下:
I took a taxi and it took me to the station.
(7) My friend came up to me and held my hand, said good-bye excitedly.
这里的and应该用来连接最后两个谓语才对:
My friend came up to me, held my hand, and said good-bye excitedly.
不然,就要把said改成saying。
My friend came up to me and held my hand, saying good-bye excitedly.
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