词汇是语言学习中重要的一环。不管学什么语言或写什么文章,丰富的词汇是不可或缺的要素。然而,许多学习语言的人常常为词汇不足而大伤脑筋。为什么会这样呢?主要原因是他们没有认清学习词汇的正确方向。
其中一个不正确的方向是对字义的认识不够全面。当他们懂得一个生字的其中一个意思时,便高兴得很,好像是完全掌握了这个字似的。比如知道arm的意思是手臂,就够了吗?那么①和②里的两个意思呢?
① The soldiers are up in arms.
② Riot police armed themselves with batons and tear gas.
另一个不正确的方向是对惯用语等闲视之。许多人只知道生字生词而忽略了各种惯用语的构成和特殊意义,结果对惯用语的应用一知半解或避而远之,这是不对的。学习词汇的正确方向
现在就谈谈学习词汇的两个正确方向。
●学习单字单词时,要把主要的意思都记起来,并且注意它们的用法。接着要注意每个字的派生词(derivative words)的构成及用法,如:
① friendfriendly; unfriendly; unfriendliness
② secureinsecure; insecurity
satisfied all his teachers.
(b) He has done everything satisfactorily.
(c) His work is satisfactory.
(d) Has he done everything to the satisfaction of his parents, too?
如果可能的话,可以把意思相近的字集合起来,通过联想去学习并区别它们在句子中的用法有何不同。有可能的话,顺便把合成词( compound words)也兼收并蓄。
●必须在常用惯用语上下功夫。一般人只知生字,不大留意惯用语的存在,更不去多管惯用语的类别及构成法。比如英语惯用语中最主要的一种是片语动词(phrasal verbs),数量很多,必须尽量学习和运用,会话或写作都适合。例如:
① I have to brush up (on) my economics for tomorrows test.(温习)
② Seeing that there was much work to do, Henry decided to call off his European trip.(取消)
③ Can the government do away with some outdated systems?(废除)
除了片语动词之外,其他类型的惯用语也要加强,包括下列 5 种短语:
Ⅰ. 介词短语,如:in a nutshell; by leaps and bounds; under the weather; for the time being.
Ⅱ. 动词短语,如:act as a brake on; Keep tabs on; make a clean breast of; get out of the rut.
Ⅲ. 名词短语,如:child a feather in one a feast for the eyes.
Ⅳ. 形容词短语;如:regular as clockwork; palatable to; compatible with; short of; few and far between.
Ⅴ. 谚语和成语,如:all is well that ends well; give him an inch and he will take an ell; never say die; strike while the iron is hot; the early bird catches the worm.
国内英语资讯:Chinese vice premier attends Thai King Bhumibol Adulyadejs royal cremation ceremony
宜家新广告遭吐槽:广告只要创意好,三观就真的不重要吗?
国际英语资讯:Police shoot dead anti-poll protester in west Kenya
国内英语资讯:Mainland to continue promoting peaceful development of cross-Strait relations
肉毒杆菌或能用于缓解儿童和青少年的偏头痛
体坛英语资讯:Chinese shuttlers stalled at BWF French Open, Zheng and Chen march on
2017年12月英语四级作文范文:节食减肥
国内英语资讯:China prepared for second import expo: vice commerce minister
体坛英语资讯:Bayern coach Heynckes demands new strikers
张培基英译散文赏析之《欣赏自己》
马云真要征服世界!还拿了个世界首个博士学位
体坛英语资讯:Messi and Ter Stegen help Barca make it 9 from 10
Boxing Day 节礼日
去酒吧不会这些英语,那还是早点睡吧
教育部表示 近9成中小学接入互联网
体坛英语资讯:Defending champion Shi upset, top seeds Zheng and Chen tested at BWF French Open
美文赏析:请让自己值得拥有爱情
爱奇艺将于2018年在美国IPO 估值超80亿美元
国际英语资讯:U.S.-led coalition says Iraqi forces, Kurdish Peshmerga reach cease-fire
国际英语资讯:Interview: APEC summit to bring regional cooperation closer to people, businesses: Vietnames
川普以国家安全为由宣布暂缓解密数百份肯尼迪遇刺文件
国际英语资讯:U.S. seeks no war, but denuclearization of Korean Peninsula: defense chief
分手还能做朋友!比伯和赛琳娜重拾友情
美三个航母战斗群十年来首次同时现身太平洋
体坛英语资讯:Kenyas Jepkosgei to return to Valencia for World Half marathon
宜家新广告遭吐槽:广告只要创意好,三观就真的不重要吗?
国际英语资讯:Thai King Bhumibols remains collected
国内英语资讯:Chinese astronaut Yang Liwei among first UNESCO Space Science Medal winners
国际英语资讯:Iraqi-Kurdish talks make progress despite pending points
国内英语资讯:Chinese vice premier holds phone talks with U.S. commerce secretary
| 不限 |
| 英语教案 |
| 英语课件 |
| 英语试题 |
| 不限 |
| 不限 |
| 上册 |
| 下册 |
| 不限 |