高考英语总复习语法专项 介词4

　　二十九.over作介词的用法:

　　①.在上方, 从上方(经过)

　　a. A lamp was hanging over the table.

　　b. The airplane flew over the house.

　　②.(紧帖着)在上面

　　a. Spread a cloth over the table.

　　b. He spread a handkerchief over his face to keep the flies off.

　　c. He folded his arms over his chest.

　　③.从上面(越过, 跳过等)

　　a. If we cant go over the mountain we must go around it.

　　b. The car run over a dog and killed it.

　　c. The cat jumped over the table and landed safely.

　　④.在(某问题)上, 对于(某事)

　　a. We quarreled a lot over politics.

　　b. It is no use crying over spilt milk.

　　c. She wept over the death of her dog.

　　⑤.经过(一段时间), 过完(一段时间)

　　a. Great progress has been made over the past ten years.

　　b. You had better stay over Toms birthday.

　　c. Are you staying in London over Christmas ?

　　⑥.超过, 比多

　　a. The population of this town is over two million.

　　b. He stayed in London for over a month.

　　三十.past作介词的用法:

　　①.从(旁)经过

　　a. John threw the ball past the catcher.

　　b. He slowly walked past the house.

　　②.(时间)过去, 过后

　　a. It is a quarter past three.

　　b. She is a woman far past her youth.

　　③.超过, 比多, 比更远

　　a. The hospital is about a mile past the school.

　　b. John was past eighteen when his father passed away.

　　三十一.round作介词的用法:

　　①.在周围, 向周围, 环绕, 围绕

　　a. The family got round the table for dinner at six.

　　b. Tie the belt round your waist.

　　c. The spaceship traveled round the earth in 40 minutes.

　　②.在一带(无一定方向)

　　a. I spent an hour going round the school.

　　b. I walked round the centre of the town after supper.

　　c. Let me show you round the house.

　　③.大约, 在前后, 在左右

　　a. I suggest that we go to Beijing round Christmas.

　　b. They arrived round 5 oclock.

　　④.绕过, 在背后

　　a. They had to drive round the fallen tree.

　　b. The car is round the back of the house.

　　⑤.词组和固定搭配: all round到处; round the clock昼夜不停地; round the corner在拐弯处

　　三十二.through作介词的用法:

　　①.从中通过, 穿过

　　a. The sunlight was coming in through the window.

　　b. She led the soldiers through the forest.

　　c. We walked through the village.

　　②.在(整段时间)中, 一直到

　　a. He worked through the night.

　　b. Shops are open in this city from Monday through Friday.

　　c. I will be there on holiday through August.

　　③.经受, 经历

　　a. He had been through hard times when he was forty.

　　b. He has been through a long illness.

　　④.(表示方式, 途径, 手段)通过

　　a. We learn to speak through speaking.

　　b. He became rich through hard work and ability.

　　c. We heard about it through some friends.

　　⑤.(表原因)由于, 因为的关系

　　a. He became ill through eating too much.

　　b. You are tired ? That comes through working too hard.

　　c. He lost his job through his own stupidity.

　　⑥.从头到尾, 贯穿, 遍及

　　a. We traveled through England visiting many old towns.

　　b. The news spread through the crowd.

　　c. She read through the magazine very quickly.

　　⑦.词组和固定搭配: get through通过, 度过; go through经历; 检查, 查看; look through浏览, 匆匆看

　　三十三.to作介词的用法:

　　①.到(某处, 某时或某程度), 向(某方向)

　　a. Kurt has never been to Paris before.

　　b. He showed me to the place.

　　c. The entrance exam to high school began on Monday.

　　d. I didnt stay to the end of the meeting.

　　e. Lanny told us about his visit to Germany.

　　f. He worked from midday to 4 oclock.

　　②.(表示动作对象)对, 向, 给

　　a. Did you ever mention this to him ?

　　b. Give my love to John and the children.

　　c. I have finished my introduction to the book.

　　d. The exhibition will be open to the public from 10 a.m. until 6 in the afternoon.

　　③.对于, 对来说

　　a. He is always polite to people.

　　b. None of the thing you said is new to me.

　　c. To him this was a great progress.

　　④.使变成或进入某状况

　　a. He tore the letter to pieces.

　　b. The man was kicked to death by the wild horse.

　　⑤.(表示对比关系)和相比

　　a. He is junior to me.

　　b. Compared to his sister, she isnt pretty.

　　c. We won the game by three goals to two.

　　⑥.表示所属关系

　　a. Have you got the key to this lock ?

　　b. Have you found the answer to the question ?

　　⑦.挨近, 靠近, 帖近

　　a. He raised the cup to his lips.

　　b. He put his ear to the door.

　　⑧.合着(音乐)

　　a. They were dancing to the music for a whole night.

　　b. He sang to his guitar.

　　⑨.词组和固定搭配: amount to合计; devoteto把用于 drink to为干杯; face to face面对面地; to ones feet站起身, 跳起身; to ones surprise令某人惊奇的是; to the contrary相反; to the point中肯, 切中要害

　　三十四.towards作介词的用法:

　　①.向(某方向), 朝着

　　a. The stranger came towards me.

　　b. The house faces towards the hills.

　　c. When we last saw the car it was travelling towards London.

　　②.向(某个目标), 为了(某目的)

　　a. He is taking courses towards a doctors degree.

　　b. The money will go towards a holiday.

　　c. They are saving towards a new house.

　　③.对于(某人或某事)

　　a. I cant feel angry towards him; I like him too much.

　　b. His attitude towards his son is very strange.

　　④.快到(某时间或年龄)

　　a. There was a storm towards evening.

　　b. It is getting on towards the end of the term now.

　　c. He must be getting on towards fifty.

　　三十五.under作介词的用法:

　　①.在..下面

　　a. Edna sat very still under the trees.

　　b. He had a picture book under his arm.

　　②.在(管辖, 照顾等)之下

　　a. Nearly fifty workers are working under the manager.

　　b. We learned a great deal under his teaching.

　　③.不到, 少于

　　a. All the children here are under seven.

　　b. Under 100 people are present for the show.

　　④.在的过程中, 正在经受

　　a. I cant use my office at present; it is under repair.

　　b. The subject is under discussion.

　　⑤.根据(协议, 法律等)

　　a. Under this agreement, he is permitted to return to his own country.

　　b. The soldiers acted under orders.

　　⑥.词组和固定搭配: underconditions在情况下; under the care of在的照顾下; under the influence受到影响

　　三十六.up作介词的用法:

　　①.沿着向上

　　a. The bus climbed steadily up the road.

　　b. The cat climbed up the tree.

　　②.在某一高处或较高地方

　　a. There was a workman up the ladder when it fell.

　　b. His office is up the stairs.

　　c. The cat is up the tree.

　　③.词组和固定搭配: up and down来回