英语翻译小技巧:正文反译更自然
在英汉互译中,有时将正文反译会使译文显得更加自然流畅,本文旨在通过几个具体的实例来说明这一翻译技巧,以供英语学习者参考。
例如:Students are still arriving.
译文:学生们还正在来。
辨误:汉语的动词没有形态变化,所以没有时态、语态、语气等。所有这些汉语都用词汇手段表达,如:正在、 已经、着等,这就造成另一个问题,即译文死板,比如,凡是进行时就用正在表示,有时译文就会生硬别扭,这句原译就是如此,如果加几个字,译成 学生们还在陆陆续续地来就稍微好一些,但仍不够自然。有经验的翻译工作者都知道,如果从正面翻译觉得别扭的话,从反面着眼,即反过来译(如肯定译为否定,或否定译为肯定),有时候会别开生面。例如这一句就可以译为:学生还没有到齐。
再比如,有一支球队自成立以来还未赢过一场比赛,英语一般会说The team is yet to win a game.
这显然要比说The team hasnt yet won a single game或The team has lost all the games it has played婉转得多,含义是下次可能赢,这就给该球队留了一点面子。
下面是一些从反面着眼,将肯定句译成否定句的例子,这些译文显然要比从正面译自然得多:
1.The old man lay awake almost the whole night.老人几乎一夜没有合眼。
2.The teacher really has an open mind.老师真的没有偏见。
3.He is strange to compliment.他不爱听恭维话。
4.Ill see you dead before I accept your term.见你的鬼去,我才不会接受你的条件呢。
5.Only that I know you might be wanted,I should detain you a little longer.要不是知道有人会找你,我会留你多呆一会儿。
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