批准某市为沿海开放城市的表达
有人把1987 年国务院批准唐山市为沿海经济开放城市这个句子翻译成:In 1987,the State Department approved Tangshan city to be a coastal economic open zone.
这里有四个问题:第一,把中国的国务院译成了美国的国务院;第二,approve to be 这种用法不成立;第三,coastal economic open 这三个形容词的排列不当;第四,zone 这个词在这里不妥。
后来有人对这个句子进行了重新翻译,新的译法是:In 1987,the State Council approved Tangshan being an open city of coastal economy.可是这个译文中仍然存在两个不妥之处:一是 approve being 的用法也不成立;二是coastal economy 的意思走了样,沿海经济仅仅相对内陆经济而言,是指具有沿海地区特色的经济,如捕渔业、深海养殖业、造船业、海洋运输业等,这与原文意思不符。
其实,这个句子的翻译方法很多,不下十余种:
In 1987,the State Council approved Tangshan of becoming a coastal city of open economy.(approve of becoming这种说法只适合口头表达,不宜作为正式的书面语言)
In 1987,the State Council approved / endorsed the establishment of Tangshan as a coastal city of open economy.
In 1987,the State Council granted approval / endorsement to Tangshan as a coastal city of open economy.
In 1987,the State Council granted Tangshan the status of a coastal city of open economy.
In 1987,the State Council endorsed the upgrading / elevating of Tangshan to the status of a coastal city of open economy.
In 1987,the State Council approved / endorsed the motion / proposal of turning Tangshan into a coastal city of open economy.
In 1987,the State Council designated / established Tangshan as a coastal city of open economy. (designate 这种表达法最为可取,词典中就有类似的例句:The town has been designated(as)a development area.)
如果要突出唐山这个地名,还可以用被动语态的形式:Tangshang was designated(as)a coastal city of open economy by the State Council in 1987.
上面的例子说明,即使是一个比较简单的句子,翻译的方法也是多种多样。在翻译的过程中,也贯穿了多探索、多研究、多查阅的三多精神。
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