高考英语倒装考点分类详解

　　一、否定词开头的句子用部分倒装：以含否定意义的词语开头的句子，用部分倒装。常见的含有否定意义的词语有never, hardly, seldom, little, few, not until, not, no, no sooner, by no means等。如：

　　1. Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else ________ such a beautiful place. (辽宁卷)

　　A. can you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find

　　【分析】答案选A。因为否定词nowhere else放在句首，句子要用部分倒装，又是现在时态。

　　2. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ________ with each other. (全国卷)

　　A. they had quarrelled B. they have quarrelled C. have they quarrelled D. had they quarrelled

　　【分析】答案选C。由否定意义的词never once开头，句子用部分倒装;前一并列分句已经提示要用现在完成时态。

　　3. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life ________ so happy! (北京卷)

　　A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt

　　【分析】答案选D。以否定词never 开头的句子要部分倒装;过去(got the job )的过去，要用过去完成时。的过去，要用过去完成时。

　　4. Not until all the fish died in the river ________ how serious the pollution was. (全国卷)

　　A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize

　　【分析】答案选A。以not until开头的句子，主句要用部分倒装。

　　5. Not a single song ________ at yesterdays party. (上海卷)

　　A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing

　　【分析】答案选C。以not等否定意义的词开头的句子要部分倒装。

　　6. Little ________ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself. (上海卷)

　　A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he caredcared

　　【分析】答案选B。以含否定意义的little开头，句子要用部分倒装;后文表明要用一般过去时，所以要用did he care。

　　7. Not until I began to work ________ how much time I had wasted. (全国卷)

　　A. didnt I realize B. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realize

　　【分析】答案选B。 not until引导的状语置于句首时，主句用部分倒装。

　　二、not only...but also...句的部分倒装：not only...but also...前后连接两个句子时，not only后的句子要用部分倒装，但but also后的分句不用倒装。如：

　　1. ________ snacks and drinks but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. (上海卷)

　　A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring

　　【分析】答案选B。

　　2. Not only ________ interested in football but ________ beginning to show an interest in it. (上海春)

　　A. the teacher himself is; all his students are B. the teacher himself is; are all his students

　　C. is the teacher himself; are all his students D. is the teacher himself; all his students are

　　【分析】答案选D。

　　3. Not only ________ polluted but ________ crowded. (上海卷)

　　A. was the city; were the streets B. the city was; were the streets

　　C. was the city; the streets were D. the city was; the streets were

　　【分析】答案选C。

　　三、only加状语放在句首时的部分倒装：only+状语位于句首时，要用部分倒装，only后的状语可以是副词、介词短语、从句等。注意：在only后作状语的是从句时，从句不要用倒装，要部分倒装的是主句。如：

　　1. I failed in the final examination last term, and only then ________ the importance of studies. (重庆卷)

　　A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize

　　【分析】答案选D。only+作状语的副词then放在句首，句子要用部分倒装;又因为then就是指前一分句描述的这一过去时间，要用一般过去时。

　　2. ________ can you expect to get a pay rise. (北京卷)

　　A. With hard work B. Although work hard C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard

　　【分析】答案选C。题干是部分倒装句，能使句了倒装的只有C：以only+作状语的介词短语开头。

　　3. Only when your identity has been checked, ________. ( 上海卷)

　　A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in

　　【分析】答案选D。only+作状语的when从句置于句首，要用部分倒装，排除A和B;又因you与allow是被动关系，排除C。

　　4. Only when the war was over ________ to his hometown. (上海春)

　　A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returned C. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return

　　【分析】答案选A。only加状语置于句首，要用部分倒装。

　　四、So / Neither do I之类的部分倒装句：so / neither / nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，其句型是：so / neither / nor+特殊词+主语。使句此句型需注意以下几点：①内容是肯定时，用so，内容是否定时，用neither或nor;②特殊词与前句中的情态动词、助动词或be相同，或根据前句的时态，用do, does, did;③特殊词的人称和数与其后的主语一致;④特殊词本身没有否定形式。本身没有否定形式。

　　1. -I would never ever come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible! - ________. (广西卷)

　　A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I

　　【分析】答案选B。 前句中含never，是否定句，用neither，是否定句，前句中有would，后句应重复would。

　　2. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither ________ any end to their influence mans lives. (广东卷)

　　A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there

　　【分析】答案选C。前句有否定词no, 后句是用neither开头的部分倒装，排除A和B;又根据there be后的名词end是单数，be用is，而不用are，所以只有C正确。

　　3. -Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? -I dont know, ________. (全国卷)

　　A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also

　　【分析】答案选B。nor和。neither不再与否定谓语连用，排除A和C;若D中also改为either也对。句意是：我不知道，我也不想知道。

　　注：如果是对对方所述内容的肯定或赞同，尽管以so开头，也不要用倒装。此时，前后句主语指的是同一人或同一物，可译作的确如此。如：

　　1. -You forgot your purse when you went out. -Good heavens, ________. (上海卷)

　　A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did

　　【分析】答案选B。此句是对对方的话表示赞同。句意是：天哪!我确实忘了带钱包。

　　2. -David has made great progress recently. - ________, and ________. (上海卷)

　　A. so he has; so you have B. so he has; so have you

　　C. so has he; so have you D. so has he; so you have

　　【分析】答案选B。第一空是对对方的话表示肯定，不用倒装;第二空是说你和David一样取得了很大的进步，用部分倒装。

　　3. -It was careless of you to have left your clothes outside all night. -My God! ________. (上海卷)

　　A. So did I B. So I did C. So were you D. So did you

　　【分析】答案选B。对别人的话表示赞成的确如此不用倒装。

　　五、省略if的虚拟条件句的部分倒装：有were, should, had的虚拟条件句，省略if时，就将were, should, had移至主语的前面，构成部分倒装。如：

　　________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. (上海卷)

　　A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not

　　【分析】答案选C。Had it not been...是If it had not been...这个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句省略了if，然后将had提到主语前。

　　六、So / Such...that中主句的部分倒装：在so / such. . . that...结构中，将so+adj. / adv. 置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。如：

　　1. So difficult ________ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. (上海卷)

　　A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel

　　【分析】答案选D。以So+ 形容词开头的句子要用部分倒装;由determined可知用一般过去时。

　　2. So ________ that no fish can live in it. (上海卷)

　　A. the lake is shallow B. shallow the lake is C. shallow is the lake D. is the lake shallow

　　【分析】答案选C。