代词在近几年高考试题中的复现率为100%,每年至少测试一道题。测试代词常用对话形式,构成特定语境,考查考生灵活运用代词的能力。代词指代的范围、作主语时主谓一致的用法、易混不定代词的细微差别都是高考的必考点。其中不定代词one,the one,ones与that,those,it的用法区别。
考点一.考查one(s), that, those, it的用法
[考点解读]
one泛指一个人或物?其复数形式为ones? one和the one作同位语时,如果与其同位的词语是特指,则用the one;如果是泛指,则用one,?
that指代前面提到过的名词,常有后置定语? that的复数形式是those? that可指代单数可数名词(= the one), 也可指代不可数名词,或指代前面提到过的一件事?
it可指代前面提到过的一个名词,如例7;指代一件事,如例8;指代不明性别的婴儿或不明确的人,也可指代时间?天气?距离等0?
二.考查all, both, either, neither, none, no one的用法
[考点解读]
both表示两个人或物都,具有肯定含义; either表示两者中的任何一个,如例13; neither表示两者都不?
all表示全部,指三者或三者以上的人或物,;all也可笼统地表示一切,所有, none表示三者或三者以上的人或物的全部否定,在与of连用或回答how many/much的提问时只能用none, no one表示没有一个人,
三.考查another, the other, others, the others的用法
[考点解读]
another泛指三个或三个以上的人或物中不确定的另一个,如例19? another还可以作形容词,表示另一个的
the other指已知的两个人或物中的另一个
others和other + 名词均泛指别的人或物
the others指一定范围内其余的人或物,如例23?如果被指代的名词是不可数名词,则用the rest替代,
四.考查(a) little, (a) few, some, any的用法
[考点解读]
few和little可用作代词和形容词? few和a few可以修饰或代替可数名词复数? few有否定含义, a few有肯定含义, little和a little可以修饰或代替不可数名词? little有否定含义, a little含肯定含义,?
some和any表示一些,可用作代词和形容词? some用于肯定句,如例31; any用于否定句?疑问句和条件句中, some也可用于疑问句,如例32和例33; any也可用于肯定陈述句中,表示任何一个,
五.考查something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, everything, everybody的用法及它们与else的搭配
[考点解读]
由some和any构成的不定代词的用法和some和any的用法基本一致?
nothing和nobody/no one表示全部否定?
无论在肯定句?否定句还是疑问句中, everything和everyone (everybody) 都表示全部,所有?
不定代词后跟else时,表示另外的,其他的形容词修饰something/anything/nothing时,应置于不定代词之后?以上不定代词连写时,不和of连用,every one可和of连用?
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