高中英语语法学习:情态动词dare的用法
1. dare基本用法特点
dare可用实意动词和情态动词,用作情态动词时,意思是敢,其后接动词原形,通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及if或whether之后,一般不用于肯定句。如:
Dare you tell her the truth? 你敢告诉她事实真相吗?
I dont know whether he dare try. 我不知他是否敢试一试。
I darent ask her for a rise. 我不敢要求她加薪。
【注】I dare say 是习惯说法(用于肯定句),并不一定要译为我敢说,它所表示的是一种不肯定的语气,常译为很可能、大概、我想等,有时用作反语。如:
I dare say (that) you are right. 我想你是对的。
Oh, you mean to win? I dare say you will. 啊,你想打赢? 我且看你赢吧。
(2) dare用作实意动词时意为敢于,可以有各种词形变化,可用于各类句型(肯定句、否定句、疑问句及各类从句等),其后多接带 to 的不定式,有时 to 也可省去(尤其是在否定句或疑问句),可用于非谓语形式,完成时态等。如:
We must dare to think, speak and act. 我们必须敢想、敢说、敢做。
I wonder how he dares (to) say such things. 我纳闷他怎么竟敢说出这样的话来。
Did he dare (to) tell her? 他敢告诉她吗?
We dont dare (to) say anything. 我们什么也不敢说。
The boy stood before the teacher, not daring to look up. 这个小男孩站在老师面前不敢抬头。
Ive never dared (to) ask her. 我从来不敢问她。
2. dare的过去式问题
情态动词dare可以有过去式dared,但也可以直接用dare表示过去式,或后接动词完成式。如:
That was why he dared do so. 那就是他为什么敢这样做的原因。
Mother dare(d) not tell father shed given away his old jacket. 母亲不敢告诉父亲她把他的旧上衣送人了。
I didnt like their new house though I darent have said so. 我不喜欢他们的新房子,虽然我没敢这样说过。
I darent have done it yesterday.but I think I dare now.昨天我没敢这样做,但现在我想我敢。
【注】dare后通常不接动词的进行式。
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