表示数目、多少和顺序先后的词叫数词。数词有两种:表示数目多少的数词叫基数词,如:one,ten twenty-three;表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词,如:first,third,twentieth。
1.基数词
基数词相当于名词,在句中可做主语、表语、定语、状语等。如:
Three of my classmates are from Shanghai.
I am twenty this year.
They have four classes in the morning and three in the afternoon.
2.序数词
1)序数词的构成:
★大多数的序数词是由基数词加-th构成。如:sevenseventh;tententh
★以-t结尾的基数词只在词尾加-h。如:eighteighth
★以-ve结尾的基数词改-ve为f再加-th。如:fivefifth;twelvetwelfth
★以-y结尾的基数词改-y为-ie再加-th。如:twentytwentieth,thirtythirtieth
★几十几的序数词只在个位数体现。如:twenty-onetwenty-first;thirty-threethirty-third
★特殊的序数词:
onefirst;twosecond;threethird; nineninth
2)序数词在句中同样可做主语、表语、定语、状语等。如:
June the first is Childrens Day.
When did you first meet each other?
She was the last to arrive.
3.数词的用法:
1)表示年、月、日,年用基数词,日用序数词。如:May eleventh,2007
2)表示时间。如: Its eleven twenty.
3)表示编号。编号既可以用基数词表示,也可以用序数词表示。区别是基数词用在名词之后,序数词位于名词之前,并加定冠词。如:Lesson Nine;the Ninth Lesson
4)介词 in ones+整数数词的复数形式,表示年龄。如:
She is in her early forties.(她四十出头。)
5)序数词前加冠词a表示再一次。如:Can I try a second time?
6)在hundred,thousand,million,billion前有数词时为实数意义,它们的词尾不能加复数。前无数词时为虚数意义,hundred,thousand,million,billion可加复数,并可和of连用,构成短语。如:five hundred students;millions of people
4.分数的构成
分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母加s,如:
1/5:one fifth
2/3:two thirds
2-:two and three quarters
5.小数的表示法
0.09:point zero nine
2.7:two point seven
6.百分数的表达法
90%:ninety percent
0.5%:point five percent
7.倍数表达法
表示两倍时用twice,表示三倍以上的倍数时用times。如:
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.
This desk is twice as large as that one.
8.算式表达法:
5+6:five plus six(or five and six)
7-6:seven minus six
23:two multiplied by three(or two times three)
8/4:eight divided by four
9.与数词相关的主谓一致原则
1)当名词词组中心词为表示时间、路程、金钱或重量等复数名词时,往往根据意义一致的原则,把这些复数名词看做一个整体,谓语采用单数形式。如:
Twenty dollars is not enough.
Two months has passed before we realized.
但是如果数词单用,表示人或物,谓语动词一般用复数。如:
Three were killed and ten were missing in that accident.
2)如果名词词组中心词是分数或百分数+of-词组,谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于of-词组中名词或代词的单、复数形式:如果of-词组中名词或代词是单数或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;如果of-词组中名词或代词是复数,谓语动词也用复数形式。如:
Two thirds of the earth is covered with water.
Two thirds of the people present are against the plan.
3)如果主语是many a,more than one+单数名词构成,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式。如:
Many a student in this class has hoped a long break.
4)a+单数名词+or two做主语,谓语动词用单数形式。如one or two+复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。如:
A word or two is missed in the sentence.
One or two words are missed in the sentence.
企业的现金属于谁?
挪威教授建议航空公司按乘客体重定票价
iPad的日式生活料理
婚礼取消了!订婚戒指归谁所有?
电子香烟:烟草业巨头面临一大挑战
想要减肥?那就吃下面4种水果
没事记得打个盹儿:小睡片刻好处多多
澳科学家研制抗衰老药有突破 长生不老或不再是神话
伦敦地铁150岁了!
怎样优雅地让对方闭嘴?
巴西女医生涉嫌谋杀300名病人 只为腾出病房床位
比尔-盖茨:中国农业创新助力发展
报道称iPhone射频辐射超出安全极限
啥东西都舍不得扔?你可能患上了囤积强迫症!
“地球之肺”在燃烧!巴西派军队赴亚马孙雨林灭火
不肯跟女朋友分享冰淇淋的男人:NBA球迷欢乐瞬间
国内英语资讯:Seminar on Xis expositions on historical sciences held in Beijing
服用避孕药的女性更喜欢阴柔男
大学生就业仍然遭遇性别歧视
国际英语资讯:Italys president to open new round of talks on govt crisis
英国之病,谁人能救
以为中了彩票大奖会让你永远快乐吗?
英国兴起哭丧服务 一小时45英镑
澳商店收取“观赏费” 防止只看不买
在线大学为青少年敞开大门
是时候做出改变了:不要再做和开始去做的5件事
三十岁后的魅力时光:30岁女人最漂亮 34岁男人最帅气
17岁学生研发应用被雅虎天价收购
体坛英语资讯:Spartak Trnava ousted from Europa League qualifiers
网曝6名外国人在上海高架桥上集体小便
不限 |
英语教案 |
英语课件 |
英语试题 |
不限 |
不限 |
上册 |
下册 |
不限 |