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高中英语语法 谈谈虚拟语气

发布时间:2016-02-29  编辑:查字典英语网小编

  谈谈虚拟语气

  如果你看到下列的句子,你会认为它们是正确的还是错的呢?

  1.I wish I were a bird.

  2.We request that you be here tomorrow.

  也许你会说:哈哈,第一句的 I were 错了,应该是 I was;而第二句中的 you be是什么东东呀?不是 you are, 也不是 you will be, 什么 you be?!其实上面的句子都是一种称为 Subjunctive 类型的句子。Subjunctive Mood 有的书译为假设语气,虽不很贴切;但在相当大的程度上,告诉我们这种句子的特点。Subjunctive Mood中文译作虚拟语气,似乎不及假设语气那么容易明白。它是一种动词形式,表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义。基本上,虚拟语气可分为虚拟现在(Subjunctive Present)和虚拟过去(Subjunctive Past)两种;但它们和时态(Tenses)上所指的现在时态(Present Tense)和过去时态(Past Tense)是有所不同的。

  一、虚拟现在(Subjunctive Present):

  虚拟现在的句子,在任何时候都要用动词的原形(root form),就算是第三人称(he,she, it)也是如此。如:

  1.1 现在时态(Simple Present): (右边为虚拟语气)

  I work ---- I work

  you work ---- you work

  he works ---- he work (注意到了吗,是 work,不是 works)

  she works ---- she work (不是 she works 喔)

  it works ---- it work (同样不是 it works 喔)

  we work ---- we work

  they work ---- they work

  1.2 现在进行时态(Present Continuous):(右边为虚拟语气)

  I am working ---- I be working (注意用的是 be,怪怪的!)

  you are working ---- you be working

  he is working ---- he be working

  she is working ---- she be working

  it is working ---- it be working

  we are working ---- we be working

  they are woring ---- they be working

  1.3 现在完成时态(Present Perfect):(右边为虚拟语气)

  I have worked ---- I have worked

  you have worked ---- you have worked

  he has worked ----- he have worked (用的还是have喔)

  she has worked ---- she have worked

  it has worked ---- it have worked

  we have worked ---- we have worked

  they have worked ---- they have worked

  1.4 现在完成进行时态(Present Perfect Continuous):(右边为虚拟语气)

  I have been working ---- I have been working

  you have been working ---- you have been working

  he has been working ---- he have been working (是 he have, 不是 he has )

  she has been working ---- she have been working

  it has been working --- it have been working

  we have been working ---- we have been working

  they have been working ---- they have been working

  

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