名词在句子中有以下几种功能。?
①在句子中作主语。例如:?
Bill Gates is computer scientist.?比尔盖茨是一位电脑专家。?
Thisis very interesting. 这本书很有趣。?
The fresh flowers smell sweet.?这些鲜花闻起来很香。?
②在句子中作表语。例如:?
My mother is an Englishteacher.?我妈妈是英语老师。?
Edison was a great inventor .?爱迪生是一个伟大的科学家。?
Biology is a science . 生物是一门科学。?
③在句子中作宾语。例如:?
Both of my parents study English . 我父母都学英语。(作动词study的宾语)?
All of my classmates have read the book. 我所有的同学都读过这本书。(作动词read的宾语)?
My mother looks after my son. 我妈妈照看我的儿子。(作介词after的宾语)?
The doctor looks over thepatientsevery day. 医生每天给病人做检查。(作介词over的宾语)?
Please look at theblackboard . 请看黑板。(作介词at的宾语)?
④在句子中作定语。例如:?
My father is a Party member. 我父亲是一名党员。?
Mr Hu is a man doctor. 胡先生是一位男医生。?
Lets go to Li Pings birthday party.?我们去参加李平的生日聚会吧。?
⑤在句子中作状语。例如:?
He has been to America three times.?他去过美国三次了。?
The meeting will last two hours.?这次会议将持续两小时。
The bike cost me two hundred yuan.?这辆自行车花了我两百元。?
⑥在句子中作宾语补足语。例如:?
We call him boss. 我们称呼他老板。?
They made me monitor of our class.?他们选我当班长。?
⑦在句子中作同位语。例如:?
Miss Li, our maths teacher, is very young.?李小姐,我们的数学老师很年轻。?
The novel was written for usstudents.?这本小说是专为我们学生写的。?
⑧在句子中用作称呼语。例如:?
Be quick! Mike. 麦克,快点!?
Li Lei! Come here, please. 李蕾,请快点过来。?
Don t shout at me, boy! 小子,别对着我大喊大叫!
? 注意. 名词作定语时,一般要用单数形式,但man, woman作定语时,当后面的名词是复数形式时,man, woman也要变为复数。 例如: ?
{ paper flowers 纸花?apple pies 苹果馅饼?weather reports 天气预报?
girl students 女学生?men doctors 男医生?
women engineers 女工程师?men teachers 男老师?women players 女运动员
六、名词的单位?
在汉语中,名词常用量词来修饰,而在英语中很多情况下也可以用量词来修饰名词。英语中的可数名词与不可数名词都可以用量词来修饰,表示一对、一群、一组、一排、一列等。例如:?
修饰不可数名词?
{ a piece of light music 一段轻音乐?
a cup of tea 一杯茶?a drop of water 一滴水 ?
修饰不可数名词?
{ a piece of good news 一则好消息?
a glass of milk 一杯牛奶?a pound of meat 一磅肉 ?
修饰可数名词?
{a box of apples 一箱苹果?
a basket of eggs 一篮子鸡蛋?a group of boys 一群男孩 ?
修饰可数名词?
{a class of students 一个班的学生?
two teams of players 两队的选手?
three rows of trees 三排树 ?
常见量词列举如下表所示
a glass of 一玻璃杯 a bottle of 一瓶
a cup of 一杯 a pair of?一双(对)
a piece of 一块(片) a drop of 一滴
a group of 一群(组) a row of 一排
a bowl of 一碗 a pile of 一堆
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