某些副词和副词短语,主要是一些含有限定或否定意义的副词和副词短语,为了表示强调可放在句首,这时后面应跟动词的倒装(即疑问)形式。这类副词或副词短语中最重要的有:
hardly ever
on no account
hardlywhen
only by
in no circumstances
only in this way
only then/when
never
scarcely ever
no soonerthan
scarcelywhen
not only
seldom
not till
so
nowhere
例句如:
I havent got a ticket.
Neither/Nor have I.
我没有票。
我也没有。
I had never before been asked to accept a bribe.相当于:
Never before had I been asked to accept a bribe.
以前从来没有人试图向我行贿。
They not only rob you,they smash everything too.相当于:
Not only do they rob you,they smash everything too.
他们不仅抢劫你,而且砸烂所有的东西。
He didnt realize that he had lost it till he got home.相当于:
Not till he got home did he realize that he had lost it.
一直到了家,他才发觉那东西丢了。
This switch must not be touched on any account.相当于:
On no account must this switch be touched.
这个开关严禁触摸。
He was able to make himself heard only by shouting.相当于:
Only by shouting was he able to make himself heard.
他只有叫喊才能让别人听到他。
He became so suspicious that相当于:
So suspicious did he become that
他变得这样疑心,以致
注意:在一个句子中,第二个否定动词有时可以用nor来表达,并跟倒装语序:
He had no money and didnt know anyone he could borrow from.
He had no money,nor did he know anyone he could borrow from.
他身无分文,也不认识任何可以借钱的人。(neither在这儿不太常用。)(关于副词和副词短语后跟动词的倒装语序和作主语的名词的情况,如Up went the rocket火箭直升飞起, By the door stoodan armed guard门口站着一名手持武器的士兵
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