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分词的时态

发布时间：2016-02-29 编辑：查字典英语网小编

　　1)与主语动词同时，

　　Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.　听到这一消息，他高兴得手舞足蹈。

　　Arriving there, they found the boy dead.　刚一到那儿，他们就发现那男孩死了。

　　典型例题

　　The secretary worked late into the night, ___a long speech for the president.

　　A. to prepare　 B. preparing　 C. prepared　 D. was preparing

　　答案B. 此处没有连词，不能选D，否则出现了两个谓语动词worked和was preparing。只能在B，C中选一个。又因前后两个动作同时发生，且与主语为主动关系，应用现在分词。

　　2)先于主动词

　　While walking in the garden，he hurt his leg. 在花园里散步时他伤了腿。

　　分词作时间状语，如果先与主动词的动作，且强调先后，要用having done。

　　Having finished his homework, he went out.

　　=As he had finished his homework, he went out.

　　做完作业后，他出去了。

　　典型例题

　　___ a reply, he decided to write again.

　　A. Not receiving　　B. Receiving not　 C. Not having received　 D. Having not received

　　答案C. 本题考查分词的时态与分词的否定式。根据题意判断，分词的动作(接信)发生在谓语动词的动作(决心再写信)之前，因此用分词的完成式。分词的否定式的构成为not +分词，故选C。该句可理解为：Because he had not received a reply, he decided to write again.

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