中考英语总复习6

　　中考英语总复习6

　　 七、形容词、副词的比较等级

　　 1.原级:表示A与B在某方面相同。

　　 句型:1) A + 谓 + as + 原级 + as + B

　　 2) A + 谓(否定) + as/so + 原级 + as + B

　　 A与B在某方面不同

　　 注意:not as / so as = less than 不及;不如

　　 eg. 1)This girl is as beautiful as that one.

　　 2)You don't eat so much as I

　　 3)This book isn't as interesting as that one

　　 = This book is ___ ________ _____ that one

　　 2.比较级:两者进行比较(常与than连用)

　　 1)I am cleverer than you 我比你聪明。

　　 2)He runs faster than Jim 他比Jim跑得快。

　　 3)I picked more apples than Jim.我比你摘的苹果多。

　　 4)Which is more interesting, this one or that one? 哪本书更有趣,这本还是那本?

　　 3.最高级:三者(或三者以上)进行比较(常与表范围的in , of短语连用)

　　 ( 注意:of + 个体名词单数 in + 集合名词 )

　　 eg. 1)Shanghai is the biggest city in China.

　　 2)He runs fastest in our class.

　　 3)He is the tallest of the three boys.

　　 4)Which is the easiest, Lesson1, Lesson2 or Lesson3 ?

　　 4.形、副比较等级的其他用法

　　 1) 比较级and 比较级 表示 越来越

　　 eg. lazier and lazier 越来越懒

　　 (但注意:如果多音节词用此结构时应为 more and more + 形、副)

　　 eg. more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮

　　 2) the比较级,the比较级 越,越

　　 eg. the more, the better 多多益善

　　 _________ you are, _______ you will get.

　　 你越懒,收获越少。

　　 3) the比较级of +二者 二者中较的一个

　　 eg. 1) Lucy is the younger of the twins.

　　 2) Of(A) the two books(B) this one(C) is thicker(D). _________

　　 4)表示二者相差多少用 具体数量 + 比较级

　　 eg. He's a head taller than me.

　　 My brother is two years older than me

　　 5)表示是几倍时用 three times等 + asas

　　 eg. 1)This book costs twice as much as that one. 这本书的价钱是那本书的两倍。

　　 2)He has four times as many books as I have 他拥有的书是我拥有的四倍。

　　 6)区别older / elder与farther / further

　　 older(年龄较老的)

　　 elder(指兄弟姐妹中排行在前的)

　　 eg. My ______ brother is ______ than me.

　　 farther (指距离较远的)

　　 further(指抽象事物的更进一步的)

　　 eg.1)He went abroad for ________ studies.

　　 2)Fusun is _________ from our school than Zhaohua.

　　 形、副比较等级还应注意

　　 1.比较级前用a little ; much / a lot ; even / still来加强语气,表示一点儿;得多 ; 更

　　 eg. 1) a little bigger 大一点儿

　　 2)much more 多得多

　　 3)even heavier更重

　　 但注意:不能在比较级前加so; too; very; quite等。

　　 2.比较级必须是同类事物相比(即as; than后的词应与主语是同类事物),注意常用漏的代词有:that; those; one; ones

　　 eg. 1)The apples (A) in this basket (B) are redder (C) than in that basket(D). _________

　　 2)This knife (A) isn't (B) so (C) new as that (D). _______________

　　 3)Our classroom (A) is (B) bigger (C) than Lily(D). _______________

　　 3.个体与整体相比,不能包括个体,常用any other + 单数名词来进行比较。

　　 eg.1)Betty(是个体) is cleverer than any student in her class(是整体). ( )

　　 正:Betty is cleverer than any other student in her class.

　　 =Betty is cleverer than anybody else in her class.

　　 =Betty is the cleverest in her class.

　　 (特别注意以上三种句型的转换)

　　 2)China is bigger than any country in Africa.

　　 中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。

　　 3) China is bigger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲的任何一个其他国家大。

　　 *4.使用最高级时应把主语包括在范围内。

　　 eg. Mary is the tallest of all her sisters.( )

　　 (all her sisters已排除了Mary)

　　 改:Mary is the tallest of all the sisters.

　　 5.表示第二、第三时,可在最高级前加second , third, (但第一不能用first)

　　 eg. The Changjiang River is the first longest river in China. 改错:________________

　　 附:形、副比较级和最高级的变化规则

　　 A、规则变化

　　 1.辅 + y结尾,变y为i加er , est

　　 (但形 + ly 构成的副词除外)

　　 2.双写加er , est

　　 3.直接加 er , est / r, st

　　 4.在多音词前加more , most (以形 + ly 构成的副词也在前加more , most)

　　 B、不规则变化

　　 原级 比较级 最高级

　　 good/well better best

　　 many/much more most

　　 bad/ill/badly worse worst

　　 little less least

　　 old older/elder oldest/eldest

　　 far farther

　　 further farthest

　　 furthest

　　 另外:

　　 1) 以-er , -ow , -ble , -ple结尾的双音节词加er, est / r, st.

　　 narrow ________ ________

　　 simple _________ _________

　　 able _______ _______

　　 2) tired__________ __________

　　 pleased ___________ ____________

　　 3) often ________________ _____________

　　 friendly_______________ ____________

　　 4)在形容词的最高级前一般加the, 副词的最高级前一般不加the (但当形容词最高级前有物主代词、所有格时则不再加the)。

　　 eg. Lily is my the best friend.(改错) ________

　　 5)形容词作表语、定语,修饰名词(但部分形容词不能作定语,只能表语:ill ; alone ; asleep ; afraid ; interested ; excited ; surprised ).

　　 副词作状语,修饰动词。

　　 练 习

　　 一、写出下列词的比较级和最高级

　　 thin ____ ____ easy _____ ______

　　 early ______ ______ new ______ ______

　　 hot ______ ______ clever ______ _______

　　 little _____ ______ late _____ ______

　　 narrow______ ______fat _____ ______

　　 many ______ _____ big _____ ______

　　 dangerous__________ ___________

　　 wonderful __________ ___________

　　 careful __________ ____________

　　 slowly __________ ____________

　　 popular __________ ____________

　　 二、选择填空

　　 ( )1.Which language is ____ , English, French or Chinese?

　　 A. difficult B. the difficult

　　 C. more difficult D. the most difficult

　　 ( )2.Yangpu Bridge is one of ___ in the world

　　 A. bigger bridge B. the biggest bridge

　　 C. the biggest bridges D. bigger bridges

　　 ( )3.Tom is taller than Mike. But he is not ____ Mike.

　　 A. strong as B. so strong as

　　 C. so strong D. as strong

　　 ( )4.Most of the people in Guangdong are getting ______.

　　 A. more and rich B. more rich and more rich

　　 C. richer and richer D. rich and rich

　　 ( )5.This text is ____ easier and ____ interes- ting than that one.

　　 A. more ; much B. much ; more

　　 C. more ; more D. much ; much

　　 ( )6.Which do you like ____, beef, pork or chicken?

　　 A. good B. well C. better D. best

　　 ( )7.Put on more clothes. It is snowing ___ outside. A. strongly B. heavy C. heavily

　　 ( )8.John drives as ___ as Tom.

　　 A. carefully B. good C. nice D. fine

　　 ( )9.Is China larger than ____ in Africa.

　　 A. any country B. any other country

　　 C. any countries D. all countries

　　 ( )10.My ___ brother is ___ than I.

　　 A. elder, three years older B. older ; older

　　 C. older; three years elder D. elder ; elder

　　 ( )11.Li Mei is more beautiful than ___ in her class.

　　 A. any girl B. any other girl

　　 C. all the girls D. any girls

　　 ( )12.This problem is ___ than that one.

　　 A. ten times easy B. ten times easier

　　 C. ten times more easy D. ten time easier

　　 ( )13.This film is ___ interesting than that one.

　　 A. more B. much C. very D. the most

　　 ( )14.There is ___ in today's newspaper.

　　 A. interesting nothing B. nothing interesting

　　 C. interested nothing D. nothing interested

　　 ( )15.The teacher asked all the students in the class to keep their eyes ____.

　　 A. close B. to close C. closing D. closed

　　 ( )16.The fat man always says his meat looks ____ and sells _____.

　　 A. good ; good B. well ; well

　　 C. good ; well D. well ; good

　　 ( )17.It seems that men are ____ making computers than women.

　　 A. better at B. good at

　　 C. well in D. weak in

　　 ( )18.The word's population is growing fast every minute, especially in some ___ countries

　　 A. west B. more developed

　　 C. east D. less developed

　　 ( )19.This bridge is not ___ long and wide ____ the one in my hometown.

　　 A. so ; as B. very ; than C. too; as D. very ; as

　　 ( )20.I think the song in the film Titanic is ___ one of all the movie songs.

　　 A. the most beautiful B. most beautiful

　　 C. much more beautiful D. a beautiful

　　 ( )21.Lin Tao is as ___ as Zhang Hua.

　　 A. strong B. stronger

　　 C. strongest D. the strongest

　　 ( )22.Sara is ___ tired ___ move after the hard work.

　　 A. very ; to B. quite ; to

　　 C. too ; to D. so ; that

　　 ( )23. Jack didn't run ___ to catch the bus.

　　 A. enough fast B. quickly enough

　　 C. enough slow D. slowly enough

　　 ( )24.The driver is very ___. He often drives his car _____.

　　 A. careful ; careful B. carefully; carefully

　　 C. carefully ; careful D. careful ; carefully

　　 ( )25.Look! All the children are working ___ on the farm.

　　 A. careful B. hard C. busy D. happy

　　 ( )26.The population of Shanghai is ___ than that of Xi'an.

　　 A. smaller B. fewer C. much D. larger

　　 附Ⅰ--动词的四种形式

　　 A、动三单的变法

　　 1) 辅+y结尾, 变y为i加es

　　 2) sh; ch; x; o结尾, 加es

　　 3)直接加s

　　 但have----has

　　 B、现在分词的变法

　　 1)去e加ing (e不发音)

　　 2)双写加ing (辅元辅结尾且重读,y;w列外)

　　 3)直接加ing

　　 写出下列动词的现在分词

　　 1.see_______2.come ________3.stop_______

　　 4.open _______5.listen_______6.drop ______

　　 7.prefer________8.fix_______ 9.relax ______

　　 10.die _______11.tie _______12.lie _______

　　 C、动词的过去式和过去分词

　　 (一)不规则变化(见课本不规则变化表P255)

　　 (二)规则变化

　　 1) 辅+y结尾,变y为i加ed

　　 2)双写加ed

　　 3)直接加ed

　　 写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词

　　 1.drop ______ _______2.stop ______ ______

　　 3.prefer ________ _________

　　 4.study ______ ______5.try ______ ____

　　 6.fix _____ ______ 7.relax ______ ______

　　 附Ⅱ--情态动词(can/ could; may/ might; must; should)+动原

　　 1.must(必须)--needn't(不必)

　　 may(可以)--mustn't(不许;不准;不可以)

　　 2.注意几个题:

　　 1)-May I go with you?

　　 -No, you _________.

　　 2)-Must I turn off the light now?

　　 -Yes, you ______/ No, you _________

　　 附Ⅲ--动词不定式与动名词

　　 A、动词不定式作宾补

　　 1)tell / ask / want sb to do ______________

　　 否定式:tell/ask/want sb not to do __________

　　 ____________________

　　 2)省to不定式作宾补

　　 即:(l, m, n, 3h, 2看, 1f) sb do

　　 l-let; m-make; n-notice; 3h-hear, have, help; 2看-see, watch; 1f-feel

　　 但注意:1)help sb (to) do (to可省、可不省)

　　 2)在改作被动语态时省去的to应还原

　　 eg. Someone heard him sing in the room.

　　 He was heard to sing in the room.

　　 B、动词不定式与动名词的区别

　　 1.(hope; learn; want=would like; decide) to do

　　 2.(enjoy; finish; keep; mind; practise) doing

　　 8.介词+doing

　　 eg. 1)What/ How about doing

　　 2)be good at doing

　　 附Ⅳ--宾语从句与状语从句中的时态

　　 1.状语从句中的时态:

　　 主句 时间、条件句

　　 1)一般将来时 2)祈使句 3)情态动词原形 一般现在时

　　 一般过去时 一般过去时

　　 eg.1)I'll call you as soon as he ______ (come) back.

　　 2)He won't go to bed until he _________ (finish) his homework.

　　 3)I'll help you if I _____ (be) free tomorrow

　　 2.宾语从句中的时态:

　　 主句 宾语从句

　　 一般现在时 一切时态

　　 一般过去时 过去范畴的某一时态(一般过去时;过去进行时;过去完成时;过去将来时)

　　 但当宾语从句是指客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象时,则只能用一般现在时。

　　 eg.1)He said his father _________(come) back in two days.

　　 2)The teacher said light ________(travel) faster than sound.

　　 附Ⅴ--主谓一致

　　 1.表时间、距离、金钱、长度的名词短语做主语时应看作一个整体,视为三单

　　 eg. Two months is quite a long time.

　　 2.people; police形单实为复,作主为复

　　 eg. The police are looking for the missing boy.

　　 3.maths, news, physics形复实为单,作主为单

　　 4.family; class看作整体时作主语为单数;看作整体中的各成员时则为复数。

　　 eg. 1)My family is a big one.

　　 2)My family are watching TV.

　　 5.由with, except, as well as连接的两名词作主语,谓语由前者决定

　　 eg. The teacher with his students is going to Beijing tomorrow.

　　 6.由neither either not onlybout also连接的两名词作主语,谓语由后者决定

　　 eg. Neither he nor I am a teacher.

　　 7.不定代词(something; anything; nothing; someone; anyone; everyone)作主语为三单

　　 Nobody knows it except me.

　　 8.One of + 复名 作主语为单数

　　 eg. One of my friends is a computer engineer.

　　 9.the +姓的复数作主语为复数

　　 eg. The Lius are watching TV now.

　　 10.sheep; deer; fish单复同形,注意区别作主语是单还是复

　　 eg. 1)There are many sheep on the hill.

　　 2)Milk ____ white, and sheep ______ white, too. (be填空)

　　 11.there be结构中,如果有两个以上的名词作主语,则be应与最接近的那个名词一致。(即:靠近原则)eg.

　　 1)There ____a box and some pens on the desk.

　　 2)There ____some pens and a box on the desk.

　　 12. either, neither, each作主语为三单

　　 eg. Neither of the twins ______(like) drawing.

　　 13.由两部分构成的事物名词(trousers, glasses, chopsticks)作主语为复数,但当前面有pair短语修饰时,则谓语由pair的单复数来决定谓语。

　　 eg.1)Where ____(be) my glasses?

　　 2)That pair of trousers ____(be) Mr. Green's

　　 附Ⅵ--短命动词与长命动词之间的转化

　　 buy-have ; borrow-keep ; die-be dead ; leave-be away (from); come back-be back; fall asleep-be asleep ; open-be open ;

　　 catch a cold-have a cold; go /get out-be out;

　　 arrive (reach / get to / come to) +地点-be in +地点;join-be in +集体(或be + 成员);

　　 turn on-be on; turn off-be off ;

　　 get a letter from-have a letter from.

　　 end /finish-be over ; get up-be up ;

　　 1) He has (A) bought (B) the fridge (C) for (D) two years. _________

　　 2)How long (A) may (B) I borrow (C) the (D) book? _________

　　 3)The film (A) has begun (B) for five minutes(C). _________

　　 4)Tom has got (A) the letter (B) from (C) Jim for two days (D). __________

　　 5)I have (A) caught (B) a cold since two years ago (C). ____________

　　 6)He has (A) come to (B) Beijing for ten years(C) ___________

　　 7)My brother (A) has joined (B) the army (C) for (D) five years. ___________

　　 练 习

　　 一、写出下列各时态的构成,然后找出各时态所对应的时间状语,只写代号

　　 1、一般现在时:__________ _________

　　 时间状语 _______________________

　　 2、一般过去时 _________________

　　 时间状语_______________________

　　 3、一般将来时:___________ __________

　　 __________

　　 时间状语_____________________

　　 4、现在进行时_____________________

　　 时间状语_______________________

　　 5、 现在完成时____________________

　　 时间状语_______________________

　　 6、过去进行时_____________________

　　 时间状语_______________________

　　 提供的时间状语如下:

　　 A. since she came in B. in two days

　　 C. when she came in D. next week

　　 E. often F. five days ago G. sometimes

　　 H. last year I. look之后的句子 J. just

　　 K. at 4:30 yesterday L. so far

　　 M. for ten years N. since two years ago

　　 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空

　　 1.Mother ________ (watch) TV every evening.

　　 2.We________(talk) when the teacher came in.

　　 3.He ________(go) to Beijing two days ago.

　　 4.He ________(leave) Chengdu in two days.

　　 5.Look! The boy________(play) football on the playground.

　　 6.My uncle ______(live) here for ten years.

　　 7.He often helps the old woman _______ (carry) water.

　　 8.Would you like to make a contribution to ________ (improve) our living conditions?

　　 9.Don't forget ________(turn) off the lights before you go out.

　　 10.Please let the girls _____(go) first.

　　 11.They had great fun ________(play) football this afternoon.

　　 12.Do you enjoy ________(watch) TV?

　　 13.Would you like ______(have) a cup of tea?

　　 14.You can ______(go) there tomorrow.

　　 15.Would you mind my _____(open) the door?

　　 16.Please ask him _______(speak) more loudly

　　 17.I'll go fishing if it ____(be) fine tomorrow.

　　 18.He said his grandpa ________(be) dead for ten years.

　　 19.Tell the children __________(not play) in the street.

　　 20.Mr Zhu spent much time _________(help) me with my English.

　　 21.I'll tell you as soon as he ____ (come) back.

　　 22.Each of us _____(want) to go to college.

　　 23.Thank you for ______(help) me.

　　 24.The teacher told us the earth ____(go) round the sun.

　　 25.My father is good at _____(fish).

　　 26.You'd better______(not talk) in class.

　　 27.The teacher stopped_______(talk) to us when we went into the office.

　　 28.I saw her _______(cook) when I got home.

　　 29.Look! A woman with two children _____ (be) coming towards us.

　　 30.His family ___ not big, but the family ____ (be) interested in music.

　　 31.Two months _____(be) quite a long time.

　　 32.He asked if Tom ______(come) in two days

　　 33.One of our teachers _____(be) a foreigner.

　　 34.The Greens ______(have) been to the Great Wall twice.

　　 35.He is practicing _______(speak) English with Mr. Green.

　　 36.This pair of glasses ___ mine. The glasses on the table ____ his (be).

　　 37.There ____ an apple, a pear and some bananas on the table. (be)

　　 38.______(read) in bed ___(be)bad your eyes.

　　 39.Hello, Jim! I ________ (not know) you we in Chengdu. I ______ (tell) you were still in London.

　　 40.It _______(say) that another bridge_______ (build) over the river next year.

　　 41. He left the room without _______ (say) goodbye.

　　 42. Many trees ________ (plant) in our school yard these years.

　　 43. The police _____ (be) trying to catch the thief.

　　 44. The family _____(be) spending the weekend together.

　　 三、选择填空

　　 ( )1.-Must I turn off the light now?

　　 ---No, you _______

　　 A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't

　　 ( )2.Our teacher told us the sun ____ in the east. A. rose B. rises C. is rising

　　 ( )3.He ___ back in a month.

　　 A. will come B. come C. came

　　 ( )4.I ___ him before.

　　 A. met B. had met C. have met

　　 ( )5.The teacher ____ to Japan this year. She's now telling her pupils about it.

　　 A. went B. has been C. has gone

　　 ( )6.It ____ hard when I got home yesterday.

　　 A. rained B. is raining C. was raining

　　 ( )7.Why not ____ again?

　　 A. to try B. try C. trying

　　 ( )8.He has finished ____ the letter.

　　 A. writing B. to write C. wrote

　　 ( )9.It _____ every night.

　　 A. happens B. is happened C. happened

　　 ( )10.The policeman told the children ____ in the street.

　　 A. not play B. not to play C. don't play

　　 ( )11.The box is too heavy for me ____.

　　 A. to carry it B. to carry C. carrying it

　　 ( )12.Stop ____and listen to the teacher.

　　 A. to read B. read C. reading

　　 ( )13.He is still looking for a house ____.

　　 A. to live B. to live in C. to live in it

　　 ( )14.I heard her ___ when I passed her room just now. A. sing B. singing C. to sing

　　 ( )15.-May I go with you ?

　　 ---No, you ______.

　　 A. may not B. can not C. mustn't

　　 ( )16.There are some ____ in the river.

　　 A. air B. fish C. water.

　　 ( )17.Sheep __ white and milk ___white, too.

　　 A. is ; is B. is ; are C. are ; is

　　 ( )18.The class ___ going to see a film this afternoon.

　　 A. am B. is C. are

　　 ( )19.Jim's shoes ____ under the bed.

　　 A. are B. is C. was

　　 ( )20.Three years ____ quite a long time.

　　 A. is B. are C. were

　　 ( )21.The clothes are mine. Yours ____ under the bed.

　　 A. is B. are C. were

　　 ( )22.There ___ a lot of news in today's newspaper.

　　 A. is B. are C. were

　　 ( )23.--Can you answer this question in English? No, I _____.

　　 A. needn't B. mustn't C. may not D. can't

　　 ( )24. The teacher wanted us _____ Exercise 1, but you let me ______ Exercise 2.

　　 A.to do, do B. to do, to do

　　 C. do, to do D. do, do

　　 ( )25. Miss Green saw a wallet ______on the ground when she walked past the school gate.

　　 A. lie B. lying C. lies D. to lie

　　 ( )26.What have you done _____ the milk? I've just _____ it.

　　 A. with, eaten B.for, eaten

　　 C. with, drunk D. for, drunk

　　 ( )27.The radio _______ it will get warmer later.

　　 A. says B. speaks C.talks D. tells

　　 ( )28. You must be very tired. Why not _____ a rest?

　　 A. stop having B.stop to have

　　 C.to stop having D. to stop to have

　　 ( )29. Li Ping is young, but he _____ many places of interest in South China.

　　 A.went to B. has been in

　　 C.has gone to D. has been to

　　 ( )30. Mother told me _____ in the sun.

　　 A. not read B. don't read

　　 C. read not D. not to read

　　 ( )31.Do you often see her ______ volleyball on the playground?

　　 A. play B. played C. plays D. to play

　　 ( )32.Alice didn't hear what the teacher said just now,so she doesn't know how _______ the problem.

　　 A. do B. did C. to do D. doing

　　 ( )33.When the little boy ____someone coming upstairs,he stopped _____.

　　 A. heardcrying B. listenedto cry

　　 C. heardto cry D. listenedcry

　　 ( )34.I ______ my ruler at home.Can I use yours,please?

　　 A. forgot B. have forgotten

　　 C. left D. have left

　　 ( )34.Jim _____ the good news to his classmates this morning.

　　 A. spoke B. told C. said D. talked

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