中考英语之现在完成时剖析

　　中考英语之现在完成时剖析

　　1.基本概念：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果；或表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。

　　2.基本构成：助动词have/has+过去分词

过去分词的变化规则：

规则动词的过去分词由动词原形加ed构成,不规则动词的过去分词

见不规则动词表（教师给学生复印）

　　3.中考考查范围：

1）yet, already, just, before, never, ever, recently等表示时间的词作时间状语，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果

天津中考：------What are you going to do this weekend?

-------I ____yet.

A.haven not decided B.will not decide C.have decided D.did not decide

2）since, for 引导的时间状语，表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态

上海中考：The Oriental Pearl TV Tower________thousands of visitors since 1995.

A.attracted B.attracts C.has attracted D. Will attract

3）this morning, this week, today, now等时间状语用在现在完成时中

河北中考：-----______Betty this morning?

----Not yet, but she is sure to be here before noon.

A.Have you seen B.Will you see C.Do you see D.Did you see

4）have/has been to 与have/has gone to 的用法区别

河南中考：Mike ______the bookshop .I have to wait for him.

A.went to B.was in C. Has been to D.has gone to

4.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：

现在完成时与一般过去时都表示过去的动作，但现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的影响、结果等；而一般过去时只表示过去的时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，就过去的时间方面讲，只能与一般过去时连用，而不能与现在完成时连用。

Tom has been busy now.汤姆现在很忙。（过去的动作对现在有影响）

Tom was busy last week.汤姆上星期很忙。（过去的动作对现在没有影响）

5.判断正误：

1）When have you got here?

When did you get here?

2) I have had bought the book two days ago.

I have had the book for two days.

3)I have just finished my homework.

I have finished my home work a moment ago.

4)Have you ever met an American before?

I have met an American last year.

瞬间性动词（也可叫点动词或不延续性动词）表示的动作瞬间即可结束，不能再延续，因此不能与表示延续性的时间状语连用。

5）I have left Wuhan for ten days.

I have been away from Wuhan for ten days.

It is (has been) ten days since I left Wuhan.

Two months has passed since we arrived here.

瞬间动词--------延续性动词：应逐一记忆

become-----be begin to study----study borrow-----keep

break------be broken buy---have close----be closed

come---be here die-----be dead go-----be away

get up---be up have got-have join---be in

leave---be away lose----be lost marry---be married

open---be open

6. 能力拔高测试：

1)Where is Dick? He ________to the reading-room.

A.has been B.went C.has gone D.goes

2）How long______he______the dictionary?

A.has,borrowed B.has, kept C.has, lent D.is, using

3)He said he _______the league for two years.

A.has joined B.has been in C.had been in D.joined

4) Some flowers_______by Li Ming already.

A.have been watered B.watered C.have watered D.has been watered.

5)I didnt go to see the film last night because I ______it twice.

A.saw B.have seen C.had seen D.would see

6）He______from home for a long time.

A.has gone away B.had gong away C.Has left D.has been away

7)How long has this shop_________?

A.be open B.been open C.opened D.opens