1. few
[误]Few of them is very good.
[正]Few of them are very good.
[析]few意为几乎没有,但要用复数谓语动词。如果讲有一些人应用a few, 如:There were only a few people in the street.
[误]There are less farms than there used to be.
[正]There are fewer farms than there used to be.
[析]few的比较级为fewer,其后接可数名词;而little的比较级为less,其后接不可数名词。
2. field
[误]He is a famous scientist on the field of physics.
[正]He is a famous scientist in the field of physics.
[析]in the field是在田野上或是在某一学科领域内,而on the field则多指在战场上。如:He lost his life on the battle field.
3. fill
[误]She filled orange into my glass.
[正]She filled my glass with orange.
[析]表示要用某种物品装满某容器时要用fill with词组,如:The boy ran back home filled with joy.
fill, full
fill是动词,但有及物与不及物两种用法,当表示充满之意时是不及物动词,应用fill with,如:The little girls eyes filled with tears. 而当表示使装满某物时,是及物动词,如:He filled his pocket with books. 而be filled with应看作系表结构,如:The boys mother was filled with anger. full是形容词,要用be full of这一词组,如:The boy was full of joy.
4. find
[误]He has finded his lost bike.
[正]He has found his lost bike.
[析]find是不规则动词,其过去式和过去分词均是found。但found一词又意为建立,它是规则动词,其过去式及过去分词均为founded.
[误]It is very difficult to look for a suitable job.
[正]It is very difficult to find a suitable job.
[析]look for为寻找,而find是找到。寻找工作并不难,难的应是找到合适的工作。
find, find out
find out意为找出、算出、发现,如:I have found out how to do it. 而find的主要侧重点在找到某物,如:I find my book under the desk.
5. finish
[误]I finished to read that book last night.
[正]I finished reading that book last night.
[析]英文中有些动词其后只能用动名词作宾语而不能用不定式作宾语,这样的动词在中考范围内有两个,即finish和enjoy。
6. fire
[误]Theres no smoke without a fire.
[正]Theres no smoke without fire.
[析]此句应译为中文无风不起浪。fire作为物质名词火讲时为不可数名词,而作为炉火、火灾讲则是可数名词,如:There was a fire in the next street last month. 如要讲着火了要用be on fire, 如:The factory was on fire.
[误]The man fired to us.
[正]The man fired at us.
[析]fire (on) at均指向某目标开火,at用于较小目标,而on用于较大目标。
7. first
[误]Is this your firstly visit to Beijing?
[正]Is this your first visit to Beijing?
[析]除了在强调第一、第二、第三等场合中有时还可见firstly一词外,这个词已不多见,而均被first取代。first还有首先、首次、第一次之意。
8. follow
[误]I received a letter which ran as follow.
[正]I received a letter which ran as follows.
[析]as follows是惯用法,其意为如下,不论在任何场合均要用follows.
[误]As follows are his arguments.
[正]The following are his arguments.
[析]as follows主要用于句尾,而the following则用于句首。
9. food
[误]Too much sweet food, such as cakes, chocolates, pastry may increase your weight.
[正]Too many foods, such as cakes, chocolates, pastry may increase your weight.
[析]food泛指食物时为不可数名词,如:There is no food for supper. 而指一种种食物时则用作可数名词。
10. foot
[误]There is a five-feet-wide bridge.
[正]There is a five-foot-wide bridge.
[析]用连字符组成的形容词中所有名词均要用单数形式。
[误]We went to college on feet.
[正]We went to college on foot.
[析]by后面加接交通工具时,不应加任何冠词,不要用名词的复数形式。如加了某些修饰词后,其前面的介词要作适当的改变,如:I came to school in his car yesterday. I go to school on a train.
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