中考英语语法汇总：写话（二）

（三）说明文及范文点评 说明文是就某一件事说明清楚，一般总是以空间顺序展开的，可以自上而下，自左而右，从里到外，从整体到局部等等。写物的文章常用某处有某物的句子表示物的存在。 常用的句型如： There be... I have got a/an... It is-red/green/colour/round... I likebest. It looks like... I like it very much. I will keep it for ever. 范文1 Our Language Lab There is a language lab in our school. Its on the third floor. Its big and clean. There are 50 desks and 50 chairs in it. There are 50 computers and a control desk（操纵台）in it. There are50 headphones（耳机）on the desk. Every week we have our English lessons here. We watch slides, TV, video and listen to tapes. Then the teacher asks us questions. We like our language lab and always keep it clean and tidy. 点评：这篇文章写了我们的语音室，按照一定的空间顺序，先写设备，再写功能，让人对语音室的概貌有一个全面，准确的了解。 范文2 Our Housing Estate There are many nice housing estates in Pudong New Area. Our Housing estate Rainbow Estate is one of them. You can see three blocks in the middle. There is a beautiful garden in front of Block 2.In the garden there is a fountain. There is a shop on the right of Block 1.A big playground lies on the left of Block 3. You can see many men, women, boys and girls having exercise there. There is a small kindergarten in our housing estate. It is convenient and comfortable for us to live in our housing estate. 点评：文章的结构与布局较合理，有一定的顺序，层次分明。 （四）议论文及范文点评 议论文要有自己的观点，要有论证过程，强调观点。常用的句型如： 1. 论点 Computer is important. We must learn English well. Its very important for us to... In my opinion... 2. 论证过程常用一些衔接词可使文章读起来流畅，紧凑。如：Firstly...Secondly，Lastly ... Above all等 3．结尾强调观点，最好用不同的句型来表达相同的观点，如： So we must... So its very important for us to... I believe... We should... 范文1 Why Are Trees Important? Trees are very important to us. Do you know why? Let me tell you. Trees take in carbon dioxide from the air and make oxygen. Thats important. People and animals need oxygen to live. Many small animals and insects live in the trees. Some of them also get food from trees. Trees can also stop water and soil from going away. If we have a lot of trees, we stop deserts from being large. I think this is very important. You know, trees are green. They can make our country even more beautiful. Trees are our good friends. We should plant more trees and take good care of them. 点评：文章先阐明论点，接着论证，最后重申自己的观点。 范文2 Its Our Duty To Protect Our Environment Its our duty to protect our environment. Where we live? The earth. The earth is the only one place we live in. So you know how important the environment is. But now, some people are harming the environment, like cutting down trees, drawing pictures on public walls, littering onto the ground. Its terrible if we still do it. Now, its time for all the people in the society to protect the environment. Its our duty. It needs each of us to make a contribution to improving the environment. We should make our environment more and more beautiful.

（五）应用文及范文点评 要了解掌握各种应用文的文体、格式、各种文体的常用语句。写信时，发信人的地址和发信日期写在信的右上角。信的左边写称呼，如Dear+头衔+姓或Dear+名Dear Tom, Dear Mr. White 信的正文一般分为几个段落，结尾另起一行，写With best wishes! 信的结束语一般用Yours, Yours sincerely, Yours faithfully... 日期写法有月，日，年或日，月，年如2005年5月18日，May. 18, 2005 18 May, 2005 写信常用的句子开头有： I havent heard from you for a long time... Hows everything going with you? Im now writing to you. /I miss you so much. Thank you for your letter. I have received your letter. 结尾有： I hope I can see you soon. Give my best/warmest regards to.. Ill write to you soon. 初中写信题目多为提供情景写信，如2000年中考题目（根据所给情景写封回信，至少50个单词，要求内容切题，意思连贯。） Situation: Aihuas aunt is now in Australia. She went there ten years ago. In her letter she wants very much to know what Shanghai is like now. 又如2004年某省中考题目：根据美国朋友Bob来信的内容写一篇英文回信。 范文1 Dear friend, Hello, Im your new friend. My name is Bob. Im fifteen. Im American. I live in New York. I am a middle school student. Im good at maths. It is very interesting. My favourite sport is basketball. And I am not only a basketball fan but also a good player. I like pop music. My friend and I often sing pop songs together. After school, I am interested in getting on-line. I have known a lot about China from the Internet. Now I am learning Chinese. I hope l will visit your country one day. Please write to me and tell me something about your life. I am looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Bob 点评：仔细审题，了解Bob想知道你哪方面的情况，要有针对性地回信，注意写回信的格式。 范文2 Dear Bob, Yesterday I heard from you. I am very glad to be your pen friend. My name is Peter Zhang. I am sixteen years old. I live in I am a middle school student, too. I like English and maths very much. I also like sports. I am good at singing. I know a little about America. Could you tell me something more about your country in your next letter? Please write to me soon. Yours Peter Zhang 点评：回信语言简洁，明了，句子间的衔接自然，紧凑，文中作者把自己的情况大致向美国朋友作了介绍，达到了写回信的目的。 假如你陪你校的外籍教师Smith先生去音乐厅听音乐，在门口的布告栏里看见一张观众须知，内容如下： 观众须知 1．一人一票，凭票入场； 2．场内严禁吸烟； 3．食品和饮料请勿带进场内； 4．演出时请勿照相； 5．演出时请勿使用传呼机和移动电话； 6．提前30分钟入场。 Smith先生不懂中文，他很想知道布告栏里写着什么。现在，请你把观众须知的内容用英语告诉Smith先生，并把要讲的话写下来。 范文3 Mr. Smith, it is a notice to the audience. It says that we should enter the concert hall 30 minutes earlier before the concert starts. Entrance to the hall is by ticket only, each one each ticket. As a rule, food or drink should not be taken into the hall. Of course, smoking is not allowed in the hall either. Please dont bring your digital camera with you because no photos can be taken during the concert. And what is more, beepers and mobile phones must be off during the concert. 点评：文章的用词和句式有一定的难度，特别是关联词的运用，如of course, as a rule, and what is more使文章读起来朗朗上口，层层紧扣，环环递进，体现了作者较高的写作技巧和水平。 点评：作者多用学过的词语不但保证了正确，还巩固了所学的知识，并且注意句型的多样化，如长句，短句，疑问句，使用了if，so, now, but等词，整篇文章读起来朗朗上口。实际上，写文章就像串珠子，连接词就在于把一个个单词串起来。（三）说明文及范文点评 说明文是就某一件事说明清楚，一般总是以空间顺序展开的，可以自上而下，自左而右，从里到外，从整体到局部等等。写物的文章常用某处有某物的句子表示物的存在。 常用的句型如： There be... I have got a/an... It is-red/green/colour/round... I likebest. It looks like... I like it very much. I will keep it for ever. 范文1 Our Language Lab There is a language lab in our school. Its on the third floor. Its big and clean. There are 50 desks and 50 chairs in it. There are 50 computers and a control desk（操纵台）in it. There are50 headphones（耳机）on the desk. Every week we have our English lessons here. We watch slides, TV, video and listen to tapes. Then the teacher asks us questions. We like our language lab and always keep it clean and tidy. 点评：这篇文章写了我们的语音室，按照一定的空间顺序，先写设备，再写功能，让人对语音室的概貌有一个全面，准确的了解。 范文2 Our Housing Estate There are many nice housing estates in Pudong New Area. Our Housing estate Rainbow Estate is one of them. You can see three blocks in the middle. There is a beautiful garden in front of Block 2.In the garden there is a fountain. There is a shop on the right of Block 1.A big playground lies on the left of Block 3. You can see many men, women, boys and girls having exercise there. There is a small kindergarten in our housing estate. It is convenient and comfortable for us to live in our housing estate. 点评：文章的结构与布局较合理，有一定的顺序，层次分明。 （四）议论文及范文点评 议论文要有自己的观点，要有论证过程，强调观点。常用的句型如： 1. 论点 Computer is important. We must learn English well. Its very important for us to... In my opinion... 2. 论证过程常用一些衔接词可使文章读起来流畅，紧凑。如：Firstly...Secondly，Lastly ... Above all等 3．结尾强调观点，最好用不同的句型来表达相同的观点，如： So we must... So its very important for us to... I believe... We should... 范文1 Why Are Trees Important? Trees are very important to us. Do you know why? Let me tell you. Trees take in carbon dioxide from the air and make oxygen. Thats important. People and animals need oxygen to live. Many small animals and insects live in the trees. Some of them also get food from trees. Trees can also stop water and soil from going away. If we have a lot of trees, we stop deserts from being large. I think this is very important. You know, trees are green. They can make our country even more beautiful. Trees are our good friends. We should plant more trees and take good care of them. 点评：文章先阐明论点，接着论证，最后重申自己的观点。 范文2 Its Our Duty To Protect Our Environment Its our duty to protect our environment. Where we live? The earth. The earth is the only one place we live in. So you know how important the environment is. But now, some people are harming the environment, like cutting down trees, drawing pictures on public walls, littering onto the ground. Its terrible if we still do it. Now, its time for all the people in the society to protect the environment. Its our duty. It needs each of us to make a contribution to improving the environment. We should make our environment more and more beautiful. 点评：作者多用学过的词语不但保证了正确，还巩固了所学的知识，并且注意句型的多样化，如长句，短句，疑问句，使用了if，so, now, but等词，整篇文章读起来朗朗上口。实际上，写文章就像串珠子，连接词就在于把一个个单词串起来。