雅思口语考试中很少直接问到关于传统的考题,但传统之所以作为八大魔鬼话题的最后一个出现在我们的备考清单上,其原因就在于该话题具备了三大特性:隐蔽、广博、深度。首先,隐蔽是指涉及传统的考题往往用其它话题来隐藏自己,或者换句话说,很多其它话题中会隐含有传统的意味。举例来说,关于history, culture, arts,甚至关于wedding, handicraft, food的话题中,都有可能藏有modern vs. traditional的对立。
其次,广博的意思是该话题涵盖的领域极为宽泛,无论是谈论人物、描述事物、还是论证原因、阐述规律,tradition都是一个很活跃的展开点。比如要谈论老年人,那么老年人具有的传统观念及固定思维模式是一个必讲的要点;再比如谈论教育类的话题,传统教育模式和远程教育之间的差异和互补就是一个较好的切入点。
至于传统类话题的深度,可以说是不言而喻的 没有一定的词汇根底、没有驾驭复杂句型的能力、缺乏对社会现状的思考,这样的考生是很难把该话题说好的,不少人甚至都没有想到传统竟然可以作为一种有效的答题思路。下面将针对这三大特性进行一一列举,给出真题实例及参考答案,并指出传统在其中扮演的角色。
特性之一:隐蔽
先来看一道关于历史的考题,是如何隐藏传统的:
【真题实例】 Why do you think people nowadays dislike visiting a historical site?
【答题思路】 该题问的是为什么现在的人都不喜欢去参观历史古迹。由于历史古迹本身就是一种文化遗产,因此参观历史古迹其实是对传统的一种继承形式。可以从两方面找原因:一是现代科技的发展速度过快,导致人们产生重科技、轻人文的思维倾向;二是对历史古迹的保护力度不够,其本身已经丧失了吸引力。
【参考答案】 Well, thats right. Less and less people nowadays are showing interest in visiting a historical site. I think one reason is that modern science and technology is developing with a faster pace than ever before. So many high-tech products and devices are available for modern consumers that they tend to think science and technology is what life is all about, and they tend to care less and less about the humanities, histories and traditions. Another important reason is to be found in historical sites themselves, which are being damaged or even ruined due to the lack of protection and preservation. For many young people like me, these places no longer hold any appeal.
很显然,该回答把人们不爱去参观历史古迹的原因归结为科技发展 VS 人文传统的两元对立。于是,在我们阐述原因的同时,就很巧妙地把隐藏在深处的humanities, histories and traditions推到了台前,显示出讲话者的人文关怀。而在谈到年轻人不再对历史古迹感兴趣的时候,也折射出对于传统文化渐渐式微的一种忧虑之心。
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