英文中的基本句型是由主语、谓语和宾语构成的,也就是所谓的核心意群core meaning,突破长难句最有效的方法就是拎出主谓宾,之后定状补。
我们来看一个长难句:
Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greatly intellectual development。
这个句子看起来非常复杂,但不难辨认出整个句子的主语是Behaviorists ,谓语是紧跟在后面的动词suggest, 宾语是一个较长的宾语从句。
在这个宾语从句中,不难发现主语就是the child,接着出现了三个代词who. where 和 which,这些是非常明显的定语从句的关系代词,所以这里可以判断出连着出现了三个定语从句,一个套着一个,修饰了三个名词成分。而在这三个定语从句后面出现的唯一一个动词无疑就是整个宾语从句的谓语了,也就是will experience,当然后面接的development也就是宾语从句中的宾语了。
到这里,这个较长的由三个定语从句构成的宾语从句的意思已基本分析出来。
由此可见,只要我们能够正确分析分句间的关系,找出主谓宾,再分清楚修饰的成分,这种长难句的理解似乎也没有那么困难。而如果能够高效率地解决长难句的理解,那么阅读速度必然也会登上一个新的台阶。
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