雅思阅读：剑桥雅思阅读长难句分析(9)

　　1. The best estimates are that the temperatures will rise y 2-3℃ in this century, causing considerable problems, at a total cost of US $5,000 billion.

　　分析：本句主句为The best estimates are that that the temperatures will rise y 2-3℃ in this century, causing considerable problems, at a total cost of US $5,000 billion.为that引导的表语从句，做are的表语; causing considerable problems为现在分词短语做伴随状语。

　　2. Despite the intuition that something drastic needs to be done about such a costly problem, economic analysis clearly show it will be far more expensive to cut carbon dioxide emissions radically than to pay the costs of adaptation to the increased temperatures.

　　分析：本句中Despite the intuition that something drastic needs to be done about such a costly problem为介词短语作让步状语;其中that something drastic needs to be done about such a costly problem为that引导的同位语从句，做the intuition的同位语;economic analysis clearly show it will be far more expensive to cut carbon dioxide emissions radically than to pay the costs of adaptation to the increased temperatures.为本句的主句，其中it will be far more expensive to cut carbon dioxide emissions radically than to pay the costs of adaptation to the increased temperatures.为宾语从句，做show的宾语，引导词省略，it为形式主语，后面的不定式为真正的主语。

　　3. It is crucial that we look at the facts if we want to make the best possible decisions for the future.

　　分析：本句主句为It is crucial that we look at the facts 其中It为形式主语，that we look at the facts为that引导的主语从句，是该句子真正的主语;if we want to make the best possible decisions for the future为if引导的条件状语从句。

　　4. Some are thermoplastic, which means that, like candlewax, they melt when heated and can then be reshaped.

　　分析：本句的主句为Some are thermoplastic which means that, like candlewax, they melt when heated and can then be reshaped.为定语从句，做thermoplastic的定语，关系词为which; 在此定语从句中that, like candlewax, they melt when heated and can then be reshaped. 为that引导的宾语从句，做means的宾语;when heated为过去分词短语做状语，做they melt的时间状语。

　　5. Baekelands interest in plastics began in 1885 when, as a young student in Belgium, he embarked on research into phenolic resins, the group of sticky substances produced when phenol combines with an aldehyde .

　　分析：本句的主句为Baekelands interest in plastics began in 1885为时间状语，而when, as a young student in Belgium, he embarked on research into phenolic resins为定语从句，做1885的定语，关系词为when; the group of sticky substances为phenolic resins的同位语;produced when phenol combines with an aldehyde combines with an aldehyde .为when引导的时间状语从句。

　　6. On 13 July 1907, Baekeland took out his famous patent describing this preparation, the essential features of which are still in use today.

　　分析：本句的主句为Baekeland took out his famous patent, On 13 July 1907为时间状语;describing this preparation为现在分词短语做定语，做his famous patent的定语;the essential features of which are still in use today为同位语，做this preparation的同位语;而其中of which are still in use today为定语从句，做features的定语，关系词为which。

　　7. The result was a resin known as Novalak, which became solule and malleable when heated.

　　分析：本句的主句为The result was a resin known as Novalak为过去分词短语做定语，做resin的定语;which became solule and malleable when heated.为定语从句，做Novalak的定语，关系词为which; when heated为过去分词短语做状语，在该定语从句中做时间状语。

　　8. The object could not be designed so that it was locked into the mould and therefore difficult to extract.

　　分析：本句的主句为The object could not be designed so that it was locked into the mould and therefore difficult to extract.为so that引导的结果状语从句。

　　9. Baekelands invention, although treated with disdain in its early years, went on to enjoy an unparalleled popularity which lasted throughout the first half of the twentieth century.

　　分析：本句的主句为Baekelands invention went on to enjoy an unparalleled popularity although treated with disdain in its early years为过去分词短语做让步状语;which lasted throughout the first half of the twentieth century为定语从句，做popularity的定语，关系词为which。

　　10. Electrical manufacturers seized on its insulating properties, and consumers everywhere relished its dazzling array of shades, delighted that they were now, at last, no longer restricted to the wood tones and drab browns of the pre-plastic era.

　　分析：本句为并列句，Electrical manufacturers seized on its insulating properties和consumers everywhere relished its dazzling array of shades并列，由and连接;delighted that they were now, at last, no longer restricted to the wood tones and drab browns of the pre-plastic era为过去分词短语做伴随状语;其中that they were now, at last, no longer restricted to the wood tones and drab browns of the pre-plastic era为that引导的宾语从句。

　　11. Kant and Freud felt that joke-telling relies on building up a psychic tension which is safely punctured by the ludicrousness of the punchline.

　　分析：本句的主句为Kant and Freud felt that, 其中that joke-telling relies on building up a psychic tension which is safely punctured by the ludicrousness of the punchline.为that引导的宾语从句，做felt的宾语;而which is safely punctured by the ludicrousness of the punchline为定语从句，做a psychic tension的定语，关系词为which。