Summary completion 即归纳摘要填空题,是雅思考试阅读模块的常考题型。该题型主要考察考生快速阅读的能力及对原文的内容进行诠释的能力,这不仅需要考生对原文的内容有准确把握,还需要其运用一定的综合概括能力,将原文和给出的摘要进行对照,快速提取原文中的对应信息。
在雅思考试中它主要有两种命题形式:一种是填空式,这种形式是针对文章中部分段落或全文写出一篇摘要,其中留出若干个空格,由考生根据通读文章后的个人理解从文章中寻找对应的单词进行填空;另一种是选项式,即在第一种类型的基础上(给出带有空格的摘要),题目提供可选择的词库(其中包括若干选项),考生在理解文章的基础上从词库中选择恰当的词汇进行填空。选项式Summary completion又分为单一词性(选项全部由一种词类构成,如名词)和多种词性(选项分别由不同词类构成,如名词、动词、形容词等)两种,前一小类难度较大,无法进行语法的筛选,而后者则可根据词性进行语法上的逻辑判断,以缩小选项的范围。
应对Summary completion题型时,需要采取以下策略:
一,仔细阅读题目说明,确定Summary所覆盖的文章范围是全篇还是其中一部分。是需要自己从原文中挑选单词填空,还是有备用词库可选择。如果是从原文中选词,则限定最多字数是多少;如果有被选项,则可否重复选择。
二,略读Summary获得大意,并通过文章的首句及末句确定其在原文中的起始及终结位置。
三,对Summary中的空格所填信息通过语法结构进行预测,比如词性,单复数等;同时在空格前后标出信号词帮助在原文中定位相关信息。
四,快速扫读原文,利用空格前后的信号词定位答案所在位置。
五,精读定位后的答案所在语句,对照Summary中的对应信息,运用词汇及语法知识确定应填写的答案。
下面以剑四test1中Visual Symbols and the Blind后的一道Summary completion题型为例,来看如何解决这种题型。
题目如下:
Complete the summary below using words from the box.
Write your answers in boxes 33-39 on your answer sheet.
NB You may use any word more than once.
In the experiment described in Part 2, a set of word 33_____ was used to investigate whether blind and sighted people perceived the symbolism in abstract 34_____
in the same way. Subjects were asked which word fitted best with a circle and which with a square. From the 35_____ volunteers, everyone thought a circle fitted soft
while a square fitted hard. However, only 51% of the 36______ volunteers assigned a circle to 37_____ . When the test was repeated later with 38______ volunteers, it was found that they made 39______ choices.
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