Truth is always attended by a bodyguard of lies.
真亦假时假亦真,无为有处有还无。
我们已经结束了三讲关于TRUE的判断准则的学习,那么作为它的对立统一面,FALSE它的模样又是什么?怎样迅速有效的识别他?又怎样一眼看穿它的虚伪呢? 那么让我们由此开始三讲关于FALSE的判断依据的学习。
FALSE的第一种情况:题目与原文直接相反。
{原创范例} 原文:Biologically, a species becomes extinct when its last
individual dies.
题目:In biological terms, a species is said to be extinct when
only one individual exists.
解答:FALSE可以看出题目与原文是反义结构。原文说一个物种死光光,才叫灭绝,而题目说还有一个个体存活,就叫灭绝,题目与原文直接相反,所以答案应为FALSE。
FALSE的第二种情况:原文是多个条件并列,题目只是其中一个条件。或者,原文是两个或多个情形都可以,常有bothand, and, or及also等词,题目只是必须或只有其中一个情况,也出现了must或only或only one。
{原创范例} 原文:Since the start of Winter Games, 45 out of 46 gold
medals in mens Nordic skiing event have been won by competitors from Scandinavia or the former Soviet Union.
题目:Only Russians have won gold medals in the mens
winter Olympics.
解答:FALSE 原文是北欧人和前苏联的选手获得了金牌,而且是获得了46中的45块,还有1块不知道被谁获得。题目是只有苏联人获得了所有金牌。所以答案应为FALSE。
{原创范例} 原文:Booking in advance is strongly recommended as all our
agencies are subject to demand. In special circumstances, long-distance bus tickets can also be purchased from the driver.
题目:Tickets must be bought in advance from any one of our
authorized agents.
解答:FALSE 原文是说提前预定、直接向司机购买都可以,是多个条件的并列。题目说是必须提前预定,只是其中一个情况。所以答案应为FALSE。
大家不难发现,FALSE的第二种情况常常出现诸如must, only, merely, only one这类把话说死了的的表示程度的副词。在朗阁海外考试研究中心《每天三小时冲刺雅思》丛书阅读卷中,我们不妨称之为绝对考点词,出现这些词的判断题三成中有两成是FALSE,因为我们只要找出一个反例就可以充分的否定它。我们不妨先记下这个技巧,在之后的练习中检验它是真是假。
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