有哲人说过,成功者的必备素质包含眼光(vision),果敢(courage and resolution)和取舍的智慧(wisdom of making compromise)。而在雅思考试中,笔者认为烤鸭你的眼光在于快速定位,果敢体现在正确做出判断,而最后对不确定题目的大胆猜测正是取舍之间彰显智慧。但猜测有风险,所以本讲我们继续对FALSE的判断依据的学习,希望籍此合理控制风险,取得最大收益(minimize the risk and maximize the profit)。
记得上一讲(参见朗阁海外考试研究中心《每天三小时冲刺雅思》丛书阅读卷p93-94)我们详述了FALSE的前两种判断依据:原文直接相反和去除并列条件,本讲我们继续。
FALSE的第三种情况:原文和题目中使用了表示不同范围、频率、可能性的副词。
请大家先看范例:
{原创范例} 原文:Without a qualification from a reputable school or university, it is unlikely to find a good job.
题目: It is impossible to get a good job without a qualification from a respected institution.
解答:FALSE原文和题目都出现了qualification(资质,这里指文凭),而a reputable school和a respected institution都指名校,所以考点必然在表示程度的副词上。
原文中有unlikely,强调是不太可能。题目中有impossible,强调是完全不可能。所以答案应为FALSE。{《每天三小时冲刺雅思》丛书阅读卷给您温馨提示}
以下情况都可归纳为副词使用的不一致:原文中使用many(很多)、sometimes(有时)及unlikely(不太可能)等词。而相应的题目中使用all(全部)、usually(通常)及always(总是)。
FALSE的第四种情况:原文为人们对于某样事物的理论或感觉,题目则上升为客观事实或已被证明的理论。即由理论(theory)拔高到事实(fact)。
{原创范例} 原文:Another theory is that worldwide temperature increases are melting polar ice caps.
题目:It is a fact that the melting of ice caps in both south and north poles are worsened by worldwide increase in temperature.
解答:FALSE对于同一件事,极地冰帽的融化(melting of polar ice caps)原文中是theory,强调是理论,而题目中为fact,强调是事实。所以答案应为FALSE。{《每天三小时冲刺雅思》丛书阅读卷给您温馨提示}
除了theory到fact的错误表达,在该种FALSE的情况下还会出现的语法结构有:原文为data are absent或evidence is missing,题目为it is well-documented that。换汤不换药,请大家慧眼识别。
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