新课标2015年高二英语暑假作业：10

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分分)

(共小题;每小题分，满分分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

For some reason we were reminded that we primates(灵长目) need love. Kim Bard of the University of Portsmouth in England and her colleagues carried out a study on 46 baby chimpanzees orphans(黑猩猩孤儿), which had lost their mothers. The study showed that primate babies that have tight relationships with mother figures do much better on cognitive (认知的 ) tests than babies who only grew up with peers (同伴), but this is not breaking news. In fact, it ' s old news.

In the 1950s, Harry Harlow did a series of experiments with baby monkeys that showed. that lack of love and comfort makes for a crazy monkey.

Harlow constructed a cage that included a wire monkey "mother" with a plastic face. Then he equipped the "mother" with a milk bottle .The cage also had another wire "mother" who was covered with soft cloth. The baby monkeys spent all their time with the cloth "mother" arid only went to the wire "mother" to feed.

Harlow's monkey experiment was important because, at the time, child care experts, and everybody's grandmother had a "no touch, no comfort" policy toward children. They advised parents not to respond to crying babies. They thought that babies should sleep alone to become independent, and for God's sake put that kid down.

But Harlow's work changed that policy. Mothers were soon permitted to have their babies next to them in the hospital.

The current chimp research based on Harlow's work shows that mother's love doesn't just make for a psychologically(糖神上地) healthy child, it also makes for a smart child.

The highly raised chimps do better than those that are not loved, and the well-raised chimps do even better than human kids on IQ tests.

We are primates, social animals which need love. We need to be held and talked to and made to feel that at least one person wants to be with us all the time.

1. The study Kim Bard and his colleagues did

A. included 46 baby and mother monkeys

B. is nothing new to people about the findings

C. showed that many chimpanzees lack of love when they were young

D. showed many chimpanzees had good relationship with their mothers

2. Harlow built two "mothers" for baby,.monkeys to _______

A. make them live comfortably B. let them have more choices

C. give them more love D make comparison well

3. Which of the following can we infer from the passage?

A. Well--raised chimps are better than people in IQ.

B. Sometimes it's not wrong to have no touch and no comfort to babies.

C. Chimps growing up in cages are less smarter than chimps growing up in wild.

D. Babies who sleep with mothers tend to be cleverer than babies sleep alone.

4. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Love makes kids smarter B. Primates need love

C. No touch, no comfort D. How to develop cognitive abilities

第二节 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

For more than six million American children, coming home after school means coming to an empty house. 1 . Some may hide. But all of them have something in common. They spend part of each day alone. They are called latchkey children. They’re children who look after themselves while their parents work. 2

Lynette Long was one of the headmasters of an elementary school. She said, “We had a school rule against wearing jewelry. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys attached. I was constantly telling them to put them inside skirts. There were so many keys. It never came to my mind what they meant. 3

She and her husband began talking to the children. They offered the suggestion: 4 . One in every three latchkey children the Longs talked to once reported being scared. Many had nightmares (噩梦) and were worried about their own safety.

The most common way latchkey children deal with their fears is by hiding. The second is TV. They’ll often play it at high volume. It’s hard to get statistics (统计) on latchkey children, the Longs learned. Most parents are slow to admit they leave their children alone.

A. Slowly, she learned they were house keys.

B. But they don’t mind.

C. Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone.

D. Some deal with the situation by watching TV.

E. Some should go to their friends or their relatives for safety.

F. And their bad condition has become a subject of concern.

第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分40)

完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分0分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict.I’m left 　1　.Why do these people create mistrust and problems,especially with those from other 　2　?

I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s,　3　 children from different races and religions played and studied 　4　 in harmony.At that time my family lived a stone’s 　5　 from Ismail’s.And no one was bothered that Ismail was a Malay Muslim and I was an Indian Hindu—we just 　6　 our differences.Perhaps,our elders had not filled our heads with unnecessary advice,well 　7　 or otherwise.

We were nine when we became friends.During the school holidays,we’d 　8　 the countryside on our bicycles,hoping to 　9　 the unexpected.At times Ismail would accompany my family as we made a rare shopping trip to town.We would be glad of his 　10　.

When I was twelve,my family moved to Johor.Ismail’s family later returned to their village,and I 　11　 touch with him.

One spring afternoon in 1983,I stopped a taxi in Kuala Lumpur.I 　12　 my destination.The driver acknowledged my 　13　 but did not move off.Instead,he looked 　14　 at me.“Raddar?he said,using my childhood nickname(绰号).I was astonished at being so 　15　 addressed(称呼).Unexpectedly!It was Ismail!Even after two 　16　 we still recognized each other.Grasping his shoulder,I felt a true affection,something 　17　 to describe.

If we can allow our children to be 　18　 without prejudice,they’ll build friendships with people,regardless of race or religion,who will be 　19　 their side through thick and thin.On such friendships are societies built and 　20　 we can truly be,as William Shakespeare once wrote,“we happy few,we band of brothers.

1.A.interested　　B.pleased C.puzzled D.excited

2.A.parties B.cities C.villages D.races

3.A.why B.which C.how D.when

4.A.together B.around C.alone D.apart

5.A.drop B.throw C.move D.roll

6.A.refused B.made C.sought D.accepted

7.A.paid B.meant C.preserved D.treated

8.A.explore B.search C.discover D.desert

9.A.get through B.deal with C.come across D.take away

10.A.arrival B.choice C.effort D.company

11.A.lost B.gained C.developed D.missed

12.A.stated B.ordered C.decided D.chose

13.A.attempts B.instructions C.opinions D.arrangements

14.A.anxiously B.carelessly C.disappointedly D.fixedly

15.A.familiarly B.strangely C.fully D.coldly

16.A.departures B.months C.years D.decades

17.A.possible B.funny C.hard D.clear

18.A.them B.themselves C.us D.ourselves

19.A.from B.by C.with D.against

20.A.still B.otherwise C.then D.instead

阅读下面材料，用不多于1个单词的正确形式填空(10)

In the past few years, quite a number of men and women have chosen to do something less 1 (compete). They are afraid that the stress of work robs them of joy and happiness and 2 (bring) them harm both physically and mentally.

In fact, however, stress isn’t such a bad thing 3 it is often supposed to be. Above all, 4 it gets out of control, a certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and challenge, and to give purpose and significance to 5 , otherwise meaningless, idle life.

6 , people under stress tend to express their full range of potential and to actualize their own 7 (person) worth — the very aim of a human life. Last but not least, research from the universities of Kentucky and British Columbia has showed that moderate amounts of stress can actually 8 (strong) the immune system and be good for health.

Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to escape. Developing our adaptive abilities to deal with 9 can prevent us from 10 (defeat) by the competitive society.

第四部分 写作 (共两节 满分3)

短文改错(10分)

Today we had a chemistry test. I found the test difficulty, but I tried hardly to do it. Suddenly Mary, my best friend, asking me to let her to copy my answers. After think for some time, I let her copy my answers. But after the test, all of us were called to the teacher's office. The teacher was angry because we had same answers in the tests. We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents. I was very upset. I didn't cheat. I was just helping a friend. Why does she punish me?

书面表达(20分)

假如你是李晓华，住在岛城。你的加拿大笔友Bob来信谈到了他所居住的城市，并希望了解你家乡岛城的情况。请你用英语写一封回信。回信须包括下表中的内容。

①位于长江边、风景优美、适合居住 成 就 ②经济发展迅速。③新建了不少工厂、住房、道路等。

④水、空气污染较少。 存在问题 ⑤交通不便。⑥工业欠发达。 对岛城发展的看法 ⑦(内容由考生自己拟定)

注意：1.回信中不能使用“岛城以外的地名。

2. 词数100左右。信的开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入词数。

3. 参考词汇：经济economy。

Dear Bob，

It's very kind of you to write me and let me know about your beautiful city. Now I’d like to tell you something about my hometown Daocheng.

______________________________________________________________________

Yours ever,

Xiaohua

答案：

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分分)

(共小题;每小题分，满分分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

答案及解析：

文章主要是通过对灵长目动物的两个实验说明，母爱对于小孩的成长有着非常重要的作用。因此父母亲应该多给孩子们一些爱，以让小孩们健康地成长。

. B. 细节理解题。第二段第一句提到是46只小猴，因此A项错误;根据文章第二段最后一句可知B项正确;C项没有事实依据;文章第二段第二句提到和母亲关系好的小猴认知水平比其他小猴要好些，但是这不能说明D项。

. D. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段可知制造两个假母猴的目的是更好地比较缺乏母爱与否与小猴后来发展的关系。因此D是正确答案。

. D. 推理判断题。文章第四、五段提到自从Harlow做了那个实验后，人们就认为母亲和婴儿睡在一起对婴儿的成长好一些，因此可知D项正确。

. A. 主旨大意题。文章主要是通过对灵长目动物的两个实验说明，母爱对于小孩的成长常重要，因此A是最佳选项。

第二节 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

答案及解析：

DFBEG

第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分)

完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分0分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

答案及解析：

.C 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.B

6.D 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.D

11.A 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.A

16.D 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.C

提示:1.由空后的问题Why do...?可知作者在读到关于误会和冲突的事件时,留给自己的是困惑与不解。interested“感兴趣的;pleased“高兴的;puzzled“困惑的,不解的;excited“兴奋的,激动的。故选C项。

2.由第二段3空后的different races and religions可知此处应用races表示“尤其和那些来自不同种族的人们;parites, cities和villages与下文不符,故选D项。

3.由空前的in the early 1960s可知此处应用when引导定语从句。

4.together“一起;around“四处,周围;alone“独自,单独;apart “分开地,有距离地。此处应用together表示“作者回忆在20世纪60年代,来自不同种族和宗教的孩子在一起玩耍和学习的情景。故选A项。

5.a stone’s throw是一句英国俚语,含义是“一箭之遥,很短的距离,此处表示我的家和伊斯梅尔的家距离很近。

6.refuse“拒绝;make“制作;seek“寻求,探索,追求;accept“接受。作者和伊斯梅尔分属不同的种族,但是他们并没有因此而受到影响,仍一块和谐地学习和玩耍,因此他们应是接受彼此的不同。故选D项。

7.pay“付款;mean“意思,意味着;preserve“保存,维持;treat“对待。well meant意为“出自善意的。句意:也许,我们长辈没有给我们灌输没有必要的建议,或者出自善意的建议。

8.explore“探索;search“搜查;discover“发现;desert“抛弃,遗弃。此处用explore表示“在学校的假期里,我们总是骑着自行车到乡村探险。故选A项。

9.get through“通过,打通电话;deal with“处理,对付;come across“偶然遇见;take away“带走;由于作者和朋友们是在探险,所以他们希望遇到一些出乎意料的东西。故选C项。

10.上句中的accompany(陪伴)可知,此处应用company(做伴,陪伴)表示“我们总是很高兴有他做伴。故选D项。

11.由上文的“我的家搬到柔佛(Johor),而伊斯梅尔的家搬回到他们的村庄可知,此处应用lost表示“我与他失去了联系。词组lose touch with sb.的含义是“与某人失去联系。

12.state“陈述;order“命令;decide“决心;choose“选择。此处应用state表示“我说明了我的目的地。故选A项。

13.attempt“尝试;instruction“说明,指示,吩咐;opinion“看法;arrangement“安排。作者是因为乘客,出租车司机应该遵循乘客的吩咐。此处用instructions表示“司机明白了我的吩咐,但是没有开车。故选B项。

14.anxiously“焦急地;carelessly“粗心地;disappointedly“失望地;fixedly“固定地。根据句意“相反,他盯着我看可知此处应用fixedly。故选D项。

15.familiarly“熟悉地;strangely“奇怪地;fully“满地,充分地;coldly“冷冷地。由于Raddar是作者小时候的绰号,所以作者听起来特别熟悉。故选A项。

16.departure“分别;month“月份;year“年;decade“十年。作者小时候和伊斯梅尔玩耍是20世纪60年代的事情,本句的时间是1983年,所以此处应用decades表示“即使20年之后,我们仍能认出彼此。故选D项。

17.possible“可能的;funny“有趣的,滑稽可笑的;hard“艰难的;clear“清楚的,清晰的。此处用hard表示“抓住他的肩膀,我感受到了一种真正的爱,一种难以描述的爱。故选C项。

18.由句子中的children可知此处应用其反身代词themselves。

19.by one’s side的含义是“在某人身旁,支持某人。句意:无论是什么种族或宗教信仰,他们都将会建立起风雨同舟的友谊。故选B项。

20.still“仍旧;otherwise“否则;then“接着,与and连在一起表示“那么;instead“代替。On such friendships are societies built是一个倒装句,正常的句式为:Societies are built on such friendships。此处用then表示承接上下文。故选C项。

阅读下面材料，用不多于1个单词的正确形式填空

答案及解析：

1. competitive 2. brings 3. as 4. unless 5. an

6. Moreover/ Furthermore/Besides 7. personal 8. strengthen

9. it 10. being defeated

第四部分 写作 (共两节 满分3)

短文改错(10分)

【解析】

1.difficult 2. hard 3.asked 4.to 5. thinking

6.both 7.the 8. test 9. or 10. did

书面表达【解析】

One possible version: Dear Bob It's very kind of you to write me and let me know about your beautiful city. Now I'd like to tell you something about my hometown Daocheng. The city stands on the bank of the Changjiang River. It is a beautiful place for people to live in. The air is fresh and the rivers are clean. Its economy has been developing in the past ten years. New factories, houses and roads have been built. More schools and hospitals are available for its people. However, there are still some problems, such as the inconvenience of transportation. And the industry here is still under development. In my opinion, Daocheng should develop its economy scientifically. I would also think that the growth of its population should be brought under control so that we'll have a better hometown in future.

Yours,

Xiaohua