上海就业难：大学毕业生只有三分之一有着落

A MAJORITY of university and college students set to graduate in the city next month are still looking for a job due to the grim employment situation.
由于严峻的就业形势，城市中大多数将于下个月毕业的大学生仍在找工作。
Only 29 percent of 178,000 students who are to graduate this June have signed an offer, been admitted to postgraduate studies or decided to study abroad, according to the Shanghai Student Affairs Center.
今年6月毕业的178000名学生中只有29%的人签了合同、考取了研究生或决定出国留学，根据上海学生事务中心。
The percentage was up 4 percent from March but down 3 percent year-on-year, even though the number of graduates is about the same as last year, the center said.
这个比例比3月份上涨了4%，但同比下降3%，尽管毕业生数目与去年相当，该中心说。
The center attributed the poor employment prospects for graduates mainly on the recovering economy, adding that the number of available positions declined from the past two years.
该中心认为毕业生暗淡的就业前景主要在于经济复苏，并补充说在过去两年里职位增量在下降。
Some industries, especially manufacturing and foreign trade, have either suffered a downturn or are in a transition, making it especially difficult for students who majored in those fields.
一些行业，尤其是制造业和对外贸易，要么遭受衰退要么处于过渡期，这对主修那些专业的学生来说特别艰难。
In order to get a job, some students lowered their salary expectations while others accepted a position in a different industry.
为了找到一份工作，有些学生降低了他们薪水预期而其他人接受了不同行业里的职位。
"I would take a job as long as the salary is 3,000 yuan (US$488) a month," said a student majoring in printing art design at University of Shanghai for Science and Technology.
“只要工资3000元(488美元)一个月我就接受那份工作，”一个在上海科技大学主修印刷艺术设计的学生说。
The senior said he has had more than 20 job interviews, but hasn't heard back from any of the companies.
这位毕业生说他已经参加了20多个面试，但没有得到任何公司的回复。
In February, students were still expecting a starting salary of at least 4,000 yuan, up 225 yuan from the average salary of 2012 graduates, according to China International Intellectech (Shanghai) Corp.
今年2月，学生仍预期起薪至少4000元，比2012毕业生的平均工资高225元，据中智上海经济技术合作公司。
Only 20 percent of seniors at University of Shanghai for Science and Technology have signed up for a job or have been admitted to postgraduate studies, said Niu Xiangyu, director of the student employment guidance center at the school.
上海科技大学只有20%的毕业生已经签订了一份工作或进入研究生学习，学生就业指导中心的主任牛翔宇说。
Niu said the demand for mechanical and manufacturing graduates was down 40 percent from last year.
牛主任说机械制造业的毕业生需求比去年下降了40%。
Teachers from student employment centers at other universities and colleges said the accumulation of jobless graduates from previous years and the increasing number of overseas students who return to China for jobs have made it more difficult for this year's graduates to land a job.
其他高校学生就业中心的老师说过去几年失业毕业生的积累、越来越多的海外学生回国工作让今年的毕业生就业更加困难。
"The overwhelming number of applicants have made competition for jobs harder and fiercer," said Tan Yuxu, director of the employment guidance center at Shanghai University of Finance and Economics.
“数量庞大的申请者使得就业竞争越来越激烈，“上海财经大学就业指导中心的谭玉旭主任说。
"But the students are reluctant to lower their expectations," Tan said.
“但学生不愿降低预期，”谭主任说。
For example, some students refused to take jobs requiring different shifts even though the salary could be more than 4,000 yuan per month.
例如，一些学生拒绝接受需要倒班的工作即使工资可能会超过4000元/月。
"Many students lost job opportunities like that simply because they don't want to endure hardships," Tan said.
“许多学生失去了工作机会，只是因为他们不想吃苦，”谭主任说。
Tan also said some students were spoiled by their parents and gave up easily after they failed to find an ideal job. They then relied on their parents and missed the best time to get a job, Tan added.
谭主任还说一些学生被父母宠坏了，在没有找到一份理想的工作之后很容易就放弃了。然后他们依赖自己的父母，错过了找工作的最好时间，谭说。
Tan suggested parents help their children lower expectations for their first job rather than compare them to their peers or help them become a NEET, defined as a young person "not in education, employment, or training."
谭主任建议父母帮助孩子降低他们第一份工作的期望值，而不是将他们与同龄人比较，或帮助他们成为“啃老族”，定义“不是在教育、就业或培训”的年轻人。
Nationwide, nearly 7 million university students are about to graduate this summer, the largest number since 1949.
全国范围内，今年夏天近700万名大学生即将毕业，自1949年以来的最大数量。