【小编编语】今天查字典英语网小编教给同学们的是英语中动词后接不定式和动名词的区别,一起来学习下吧!
既可接不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词
一、后接不定式或动名词且含义相同的动词
这类动词常见的有:like 喜欢 / love 喜欢 / hate 憎恨 / prefer 宁可 / begin 开始 / start 开始 / continue 继续 / can’t bear 不能忍受 / bother 麻烦 / intend 想要 / attempt 试图 / cease 停止,等。如: He likes travelling [to travel] alone. 他喜欢单独旅行。He began doing [to do] this job last year. 他去年开始做这工作。Don’t bother to get [getting]dinner for me. 请不必费事为我做饭了。注意:当 like, love, hate, prefer 与 would, should 连用时,其后只能接不定式。如:I’d like to drop in and see you tonight. 我想今晚来看你。另外,当 begin, start 本身为进行时态或后接 know, realize, understand 等静态动词时,其后的动词只能用不定式。如:He is beginning to work in that company. 他即将开始去那个公司工作。After the talk with his English teacher, he began to like English. 跟英语老师谈话之后,他开始喜欢英语了。
二、forget, remember, regret 后接不定式或动名词含义不同后接不定式或动名词含义不同
动词 forget, remember, regret 等接不定式时,表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之后;接动名词作宾语时,表示非谓语动词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之前。如:I forgot to tell you about it. 我忘记告诉你那件事了。I remembered giving the book to Li Lei, but he said I didn’t. 我记得我把书给李蕾了,但是他说我没有给。此外,动词 forget, remember, regret 等接动名词、接动名词的完成式或不定式的完成式作宾语时,意义相同。如:I regretted to have broken the rules of our class. = I regretted having broken the rules of our class. 我后悔违反了班规。
三、mean后接不定式或动名词含义不同
动词 mean 接不定式作宾语时,表示一种意图,意思是“打算做,想要做;接动名词作宾语时,表示解释,意思是“意味着,意思是。如:I didn’t mean to bother you. 我本不想打扰你。What he said means going there by air. 他的话的意思是坐飞机去那儿。
四、try后接不定式或动名词含义不同
try 接不定式作宾语时,表示一种决心,意思是“设法做,尽力做;接动名词作宾语时,表示尝试,意思是“试着做。如:I’ll try to catch up with my class. 我将尽力赶上同学们。I tried reading the text without consulting my dictionary. 我试着不查词典来阅读课文。
五、need, require, want, deserve后接不定式或动名词语态不同
need, require, want, deserve 等表示“需要的动词后另一动词作宾语时,该动词用不定式或动名词均可,但是其语态不同,即动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,而不定式则用被动形式表示被动意义。如:The flowers need watering every day. = The flowers need to be watered every day. 花儿需要每天浇水。注意:若 need, require, want后接动词为句子主语所发出的动作,则只能用不定式,不能用动名词。如:I need to water the flowers every day. 我需要每天给花浇水。
六、can’t help后接不定式或动名词含义不同
can’t help 后接不定式时,意思是“不能帮忙做某事;接动名词作宾语时,意思是“禁不住做某事,情不自禁做某事。如:I’m very busy now, so I can’t help (to) clean the room. 我现在很忙,因此不能帮助打扫房间。The girl couldn’t help crying when she saw her mother again. 当小女孩再次看到母亲时,她情不自禁地哭了起来。说明:以下两个动词后接不定式或动名词(不一定是用作宾语)意思也不同:go on to do sth (做完某事后)继续做另一事) (不定式作状语)go on doing 继续做一直在做的事 (动名词作状语)stop to do sth 停下正在做的事以便去做另一事 (不定式作状语)stop doing sths) 停做正在做的事 (动名词作宾语)
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