【小编编语】今天查字典英语网小编教给同学们的是初中语法必备:现在分词与过去分词的区别,一起来学习下吧!
现在分词与过去分词的区别:
表示情感的及物动词如excite, discourage, disappoint, encourage, inspire, interest, move, please, puzzle, surprise, worry等,其分词常加上后缀-ing或-ed转化为分词(也可称为形容词),用作表、定、状或补语。在这种情况下,分词主要体现了语态的不同。现在分词有主动意味,含有“具有令人……的特性的意思;而过去分词有被动意味,含有“受到影响而感到……的意思。例如:
In Aswan, there are plenty of interesting places to visit. 阿斯旺有许多值得一去的地方。
Some people whose lives are full are always interesting to talk to. 有些人的生活经历丰富,与他们交谈总是令人感兴趣的。
If I can find you any support, would you be interested? 假如我能为你找到资助,你对此有兴趣吗?
但是,由不及物动词转化而成的分词作形容词时,则体现了时态的不同。现在分词表示该动作正在进行,而过去分词表示该动作已经完成。例如:
The woodcutter was standing next to a fallen tree. 那个樵夫站在一棵伐倒的树旁。
fallen leaves落(在地上的)叶(比较:a falling leaf一片飘落的树叶)
boiled water(煮)开(过的)水(比较:boiling water沸腾着的水)
the risen sun升得老高的日头(比较:the rising sun初升的太阳)
现在我来回答你的具体问题。
dog是Barking动作的发起者,表示主动关系。自然就没有barked dogs这一说法了。
我们可以说I lost a chance yesterday.反过来也可以说A chance was lost yesterday.所以说chance是lost的承受者,表示被动关系。想通了么?
自然就没有losting chance这一说法了。
这个消息很激动人心。是说这个消息“具有令人激动起来的特性,于是它就表示主动了嘛。
学生们很激动。是说他们“受到什么影响而感到激动,这样它就表示就是被动了哦!
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