瞬间动词和延续性动词的含义及用法

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　　一、瞬间动词和延续性动词的含义及用法：

　　1.瞬间动词是指动作短暂、不长久的动词，如begin, become, sell, buy, borrow等。其用法有：

　　①常与点时间连用。例如：She often goes to bed at ten.她经常十点钟睡觉。

　　②不能与段时间连用。例如：He has joined the army for two years. (×)She has come here for half an hour. (×)

　　2.延续性动词是指长久的、可以延续的动词，如sleep, know, keep, wait, study等。其用法为：

　　①常与段时间连用。例如：Mr Zhang has lived here for two years.张先生在这儿住了两年了。

　　He has taught there since 1987.自1987年来他一直在那儿教书。

　　②不与点时间连用(do, have, eat等除外)。例如：Mary has worked at eight. (×)She walked at five yesterday. (×)

　　二、常见的瞬间动词变为延续性动词：

　　borrow---keep die---be dead buy--- have come back---be back go out---be out

　　join/take part in---be in/ be a member of begin---be on leave--- be away from become--- be

　　fall asleep---be asleep catch a cold---have a cold end/finish---be over

　　例句：

　　1、他买了这本书两年了。

　　误：He has bought the book for two years. 正：He bought the book two years ago.

　　2、他们认识5年了。

　　误：They have got to know each other for five years. 正：They have known each other for five years.

　　3、他父亲死了五年了。

　　误：His father has died for two years.正：His father has been dead for two years.

　　4、汤姆参军4年了。

　　误：Tom has joined the army for four years.正：It is (has been) four years since Tom joined the army.