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初中英语被动语态的结构

　　【小编寄语】今天查字典英语网小编教给同学们的是初中英语被动语态的结构，一起来学习下吧!祝同学们学习进步!

　　英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态的主语是动作的执行者;被动语态的主语是动作的承受者。

　　eg. We use a knife for cutting (主动句).

　　A knife is used for cutting (被动句)。

　　一、构成：be + 过去分词

　　eg. 1)The work is finished by him.

　　2)Chinese is spoken by people in China.

　　二、被动语态的时态

　　1.一般现在时：am/ is/ are + 过去分词

　　eg. English is spoken by Englishmen.

　　2.一般过去时：was/ were + 过去分词

　　eg. The machines were made in China.

　　3.一般将来时:will/shall/be going to be+过去分词

　　eg. A sports meeting will be held in our school next week.

　　4.现在完成时：have/ has been + 过去分词

　　eg. The work has been done by them.

　　5.现在进行时：am/ is/ are being + 过去分词。

　　eg. A new school is being built in our village.

　　6.过去进行时：was/ were being + 过去分词

　　eg. My TV set was being mended at that time.

　　综上所述：被动语态的时态只涉及be动词的变化(即：be动词的各种时态)

　　另外注意以下几点：

　　1.含情态动词的被动语态：

　　can / may / must / should + be + 过去分词

　　eg. He may be sent away from school.

　　2.带动词不定式的被动语态

　　eg. My bike needs to be mended.

　　3.在使用被动语态时，如需要指出动作执行者时，应用“by + 动作的执行者(宾格)

　　eg. He was called Mike by us

　　4.不及物动词无被动语态(take place/ happen ; last ; rise ; sink ; fall等)

　　eg. The accident was happened two days ago (改错) _________

　　5.当宾语补足语是省to不定式时，在改作被动语态之后，应将省去的to还原。

　　eg.The boss made the workers work 12 hours.

　　→The workers were made to work 12 hours.

　　6.注意短语动词的完整性(即：主动句的谓语动词若由v + prep / adv构成，变被动语态时，不能将这些介词、副词遗漏。

　　eg. We must take care of the baby.

　　→The baby must be taken care of.

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